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129 | .\" ======================================================================== | |
130 | .\" | |
131 | .IX Title "PERLDOS 1" | |
132 | .TH PERLDOS 1 "2006-01-07" "perl v5.8.8" "Perl Programmers Reference Guide" | |
133 | .SH "NAME" | |
134 | perldos \- Perl under DOS, W31, W95.\r | |
135 | .SH "SYNOPSIS" | |
136 | .IX Header "SYNOPSIS" | |
137 | These are instructions for building Perl under \s-1DOS\s0 (or w??), using\r | |
138 | \&\s-1DJGPP\s0 v2.03 or later. Under w95 long filenames are supported.\r | |
139 | .SH "DESCRIPTION" | |
140 | .IX Header "DESCRIPTION" | |
141 | Before you start, you should glance through the \s-1README\s0 file\r | |
142 | found in the top-level directory where the Perl distribution\r | |
143 | was extracted. Make sure you read and understand the terms under\r | |
144 | which this software is being distributed.\r | |
145 | .PP | |
146 | This port currently supports MakeMaker (the set of modules that\r | |
147 | is used to build extensions to perl). Therefore, you should be\r | |
148 | able to build and install most extensions found in the \s-1CPAN\s0 sites.\r | |
149 | .PP | |
150 | Detailed instructions on how to build and install perl extension\r | |
151 | modules, including XS-type modules, is included. See '\s-1BUILDING\s0 \s-1AND\s0\r | |
152 | \&\s-1INSTALLING\s0 \s-1MODULES\s0'.\r | |
153 | .Sh "Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on \s-1DOS\s0" | |
154 | .IX Subsection "Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS" | |
155 | .IP "\s-1DJGPP\s0" 4 | |
156 | .IX Item "DJGPP" | |
157 | \&\s-1DJGPP\s0 is a port of \s-1GNU\s0 C/\*(C+ compiler and development tools to 32\-bit,\r | |
158 | protected-mode environment on Intel 32\-bit CPUs running MS-DOS and compatible\r | |
159 | operating systems, by \s-1DJ\s0 Delorie <dj@delorie.com> and friends.\r | |
160 | .Sp | |
161 | For more details (\s-1FAQ\s0), check out the home of \s-1DJGPP\s0 at:\r | |
162 | .Sp | |
163 | .Vb 1 | |
164 | \& http://www.delorie.com/djgpp/ | |
165 | .Ve | |
166 | .Sp | |
167 | If you have questions about \s-1DJGPP\s0, try posting to the \s-1DJGPP\s0 newsgroup:\r | |
168 | comp.os.msdos.djgpp, or use the email gateway djgpp@delorie.com.\r | |
169 | .Sp | |
170 | You can find the full \s-1DJGPP\s0 distribution on any SimTel.Net mirror all over\r | |
171 | the world. Like:\r | |
172 | .Sp | |
173 | .Vb 1 | |
174 | \& ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2* | |
175 | .Ve | |
176 | .Sp | |
177 | You need the following files to build perl (or add new modules):\r | |
178 | .Sp | |
179 | .Vb 13 | |
180 | \& v2/djdev203.zip\r | |
181 | \& v2gnu/bnu2112b.zip\r | |
182 | \& v2gnu/gcc2953b.zip\r | |
183 | \& v2gnu/bsh204b.zip\r | |
184 | \& v2gnu/mak3791b.zip\r | |
185 | \& v2gnu/fil40b.zip\r | |
186 | \& v2gnu/sed3028b.zip\r | |
187 | \& v2gnu/txt20b.zip\r | |
188 | \& v2gnu/dif272b.zip\r | |
189 | \& v2gnu/grep24b.zip\r | |
190 | \& v2gnu/shl20jb.zip\r | |
191 | \& v2gnu/gwk306b.zip\r | |
192 | \& v2misc/csdpmi5b.zip | |
193 | .Ve | |
194 | .Sp | |
195 | or possibly any newer version.\r | |
196 | .IP "Pthreads" 4 | |
197 | .IX Item "Pthreads" | |
198 | Thread support is not tested in this version of the djgpp perl.\r | |
199 | .Sh "Shortcomings of Perl under \s-1DOS\s0" | |
200 | .IX Subsection "Shortcomings of Perl under DOS" | |
201 | Perl under \s-1DOS\s0 lacks some features of perl under \s-1UNIX\s0 because of\r | |
202 | deficiencies in the UNIX\-emulation, most notably:\r | |
203 | .IP "\(bu" 4 | |
204 | \&\fIfork()\fR and \fIpipe()\fR\r | |
205 | .IP "\(bu" 4 | |
206 | some features of the \s-1UNIX\s0 filesystem regarding link count and file dates\r | |
207 | .IP "\(bu" 4 | |
208 | in-place operation is a little bit broken with short filenames\r | |
209 | .IP "\(bu" 4 | |
210 | sockets\r | |
211 | .Sh "Building Perl on \s-1DOS\s0" | |
212 | .IX Subsection "Building Perl on DOS" | |
213 | .IP "\(bu" 4 | |
214 | Unpack the source package \fIperl5.8*.tar.gz\fR with djtarx. If you want\r | |
215 | to use long file names under w95 and also to get Perl to pass all its\r | |
216 | tests, don't forget to use\r | |
217 | .Sp | |
218 | .Vb 2 | |
219 | \& set LFN=y\r | |
220 | \& set FNCASE=y | |
221 | .Ve | |
222 | .Sp | |
223 | before unpacking the archive.\r | |
224 | .IP "\(bu" 4 | |
225 | Create a \*(L"symlink\*(R" or copy your bash.exe to sh.exe in your \f(CW\*(C`($DJDIR)/bin\*(C'\fR\r | |
226 | directory.\r | |
227 | .Sp | |
228 | .Vb 1 | |
229 | \& ln -s bash.exe sh.exe | |
230 | .Ve | |
231 | .Sp | |
232 | [If you have the recommended version of bash for \s-1DJGPP\s0, this is already\r | |
233 | done for you.]\r | |
234 | .Sp | |
235 | And make the \f(CW\*(C`SHELL\*(C'\fR environment variable point to this \fIsh.exe\fR:\r | |
236 | .Sp | |
237 | .Vb 1 | |
238 | \& set SHELL=c:/djgpp/bin/sh.exe (use full path name!) | |
239 | .Ve | |
240 | .Sp | |
241 | You can do this in \fIdjgpp.env\fR too. Add this line \s-1BEFORE\s0 any section\r | |
242 | definition:\r | |
243 | .Sp | |
244 | .Vb 1 | |
245 | \& +SHELL=%DJDIR%/bin/sh.exe | |
246 | .Ve | |
247 | .IP "\(bu" 4 | |
248 | If you have \fIsplit.exe\fR and \fIgsplit.exe\fR in your path, then rename \r | |
249 | \&\fIsplit.exe\fR to \fIdjsplit.exe\fR, and \fIgsplit.exe\fR to \fIsplit.exe\fR.\r | |
250 | Copy or link \fIgecho.exe\fR to \fIecho.exe\fR if you don't have \fIecho.exe\fR.\r | |
251 | Copy or link \fIgawk.exe\fR to \fIawk.exe\fR if you don't have \fIawk.exe\fR.\r | |
252 | .Sp | |
253 | [If you have the recommended versions of djdev, shell utilities and\r | |
254 | gawk, all these are already done for you, and you will not need to do\r | |
255 | anything.]\r | |
256 | .IP "\(bu" 4 | |
257 | Chdir to the djgpp subdirectory of perl toplevel and type the following\r | |
258 | commands:\r | |
259 | .Sp | |
260 | .Vb 2 | |
261 | \& set FNCASE=y\r | |
262 | \& configure.bat | |
263 | .Ve | |
264 | .Sp | |
265 | This will do some preprocessing then run the Configure script for you.\r | |
266 | The Configure script is interactive, but in most cases you just need to\r | |
267 | press \s-1ENTER\s0. The \*(L"set\*(R" command ensures that \s-1DJGPP\s0 preserves the letter\r | |
268 | case of file names when reading directories. If you already issued this\r | |
269 | set command when unpacking the archive, and you are in the same \s-1DOS\s0\r | |
270 | session as when you unpacked the archive, you don't have to issue the\r | |
271 | set command again. This command is necessary *before* you start to \r | |
272 | (re)configure or (re)build perl in order to ensure both that perl builds \r | |
273 | correctly and that building XS-type modules can succeed. See the \s-1DJGPP\s0 \r | |
274 | info entry for \*(L"_preserve_fncase\*(R" for more information:\r | |
275 | .Sp | |
276 | .Vb 1 | |
277 | \& info libc alphabetical _preserve_fncase | |
278 | .Ve | |
279 | .Sp | |
280 | If the script says that your package is incomplete, and asks whether\r | |
281 | to continue, just answer with Y (this can only happen if you don't use\r | |
282 | long filenames or forget to issue \*(L"set FNCASE=y\*(R" first).\r | |
283 | .Sp | |
284 | When Configure asks about the extensions, I suggest \s-1IO\s0 and Fcntl,\r | |
285 | and if you want database handling then SDBM_File or GDBM_File\r | |
286 | (you need to install gdbm for this one). If you want to use the\r | |
287 | \&\s-1POSIX\s0 extension (this is the default), make sure that the stack\r | |
288 | size of your \fIcc1.exe\fR is at least 512kbyte (you can check this\r | |
289 | with: \f(CW\*(C`stubedit cc1.exe\*(C'\fR).\r | |
290 | .Sp | |
291 | You can use the Configure script in non-interactive mode too.\r | |
292 | When I built my \fIperl.exe\fR, I used something like this:\r | |
293 | .Sp | |
294 | .Vb 1 | |
295 | \& configure.bat -des | |
296 | .Ve | |
297 | .Sp | |
298 | You can find more info about Configure's command line switches in\r | |
299 | the \fI\s-1INSTALL\s0\fR file.\r | |
300 | .Sp | |
301 | When the script ends, and you want to change some values in the\r | |
302 | generated \fIconfig.sh\fR file, then run\r | |
303 | .Sp | |
304 | .Vb 1 | |
305 | \& sh Configure -S | |
306 | .Ve | |
307 | .Sp | |
308 | after you made your modifications.\r | |
309 | .Sp | |
310 | \&\s-1IMPORTANT:\s0 if you use this \f(CW\*(C`\-S\*(C'\fR switch, be sure to delete the \s-1CONFIG\s0\r | |
311 | environment variable before running the script:\r | |
312 | .Sp | |
313 | .Vb 1 | |
314 | \& set CONFIG= | |
315 | .Ve | |
316 | .IP "\(bu" 4 | |
317 | Now you can compile Perl. Type:\r | |
318 | .Sp | |
319 | .Vb 1 | |
320 | \& make | |
321 | .Ve | |
322 | .Sh "Testing Perl on \s-1DOS\s0" | |
323 | .IX Subsection "Testing Perl on DOS" | |
324 | Type:\r | |
325 | .PP | |
326 | .Vb 1 | |
327 | \& make test | |
328 | .Ve | |
329 | .PP | |
330 | If you're lucky you should see \*(L"All tests successful\*(R". But there can be\r | |
331 | a few failed subtests (less than 5 hopefully) depending on some external\r | |
332 | conditions (e.g. some subtests fail under linux/dosemu or plain dos\r | |
333 | with short filenames only).\r | |
334 | .Sh "Installation of Perl on \s-1DOS\s0" | |
335 | .IX Subsection "Installation of Perl on DOS" | |
336 | Type:\r | |
337 | .PP | |
338 | .Vb 1 | |
339 | \& make install | |
340 | .Ve | |
341 | .PP | |
342 | This will copy the newly compiled perl and libraries into your \s-1DJGPP\s0\r | |
343 | directory structure. Perl.exe and the utilities go into \f(CW\*(C`($DJDIR)/bin\*(C'\fR,\r | |
344 | and the library goes under \f(CW\*(C`($DJDIR)/lib/perl5\*(C'\fR. The pod documentation\r | |
345 | goes under \f(CW\*(C`($DJDIR)/lib/perl5/pod\*(C'\fR.\r | |
346 | .SH "BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS" | |
347 | .IX Header "BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS" | |
348 | .Sh "Building Prerequisites for Perl on \s-1DOS\s0" | |
349 | .IX Subsection "Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS" | |
350 | For building and installing non-XS modules, all you need is a working\r | |
351 | perl under \s-1DJGPP\s0. Non-XS modules do not require re-linking the perl\r | |
352 | binary, and so are simpler to build and install.\r | |
353 | .PP | |
354 | XS-type modules do require re-linking the perl binary, because part of\r | |
355 | an \s-1XS\s0 module is written in \*(L"C\*(R", and has to be linked together with the\r | |
356 | perl binary to be executed. This is required because perl under \s-1DJGPP\s0\r | |
357 | is built with the \*(L"static link\*(R" option, due to the lack of \*(L"dynamic\r | |
358 | linking\*(R" in the \s-1DJGPP\s0 environment.\r | |
359 | .PP | |
360 | Because \s-1XS\s0 modules require re-linking of the perl binary, you need both\r | |
361 | the perl binary distribution and the perl source distribution to build\r | |
362 | an \s-1XS\s0 extension module. In addition, you will have to have built your\r | |
363 | perl binary from the source distribution so that all of the components\r | |
364 | of the perl binary are available for the required link step.\r | |
365 | .Sh "Unpacking \s-1CPAN\s0 Modules on \s-1DOS\s0" | |
366 | .IX Subsection "Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS" | |
367 | First, download the module package from \s-1CPAN\s0 (e.g., the \*(L"Comma Separated\r | |
368 | Value\*(R" text package, Text\-CSV\-0.01.tar.gz). Then expand the contents of\r | |
369 | the package into some location on your disk. Most \s-1CPAN\s0 modules are\r | |
370 | built with an internal directory structure, so it is usually safe to\r | |
371 | expand it in the root of your \s-1DJGPP\s0 installation. Some people prefer to\r | |
372 | locate source trees under /usr/src (i.e., \f(CW\*(C`($DJDIR)/usr/src\*(C'\fR), but you may\r | |
373 | put it wherever seems most logical to you, *EXCEPT* under the same\r | |
374 | directory as your perl source code. There are special rules that apply\r | |
375 | to modules which live in the perl source tree that do not apply to most\r | |
376 | of the modules in \s-1CPAN\s0.\r | |
377 | .PP | |
378 | Unlike other \s-1DJGPP\s0 packages, which are normal \*(L"zip\*(R" files, most \s-1CPAN\s0\r | |
379 | module packages are \*(L"gzipped tarballs\*(R". Recent versions of WinZip will\r | |
380 | safely unpack and expand them, *UNLESS* they have zero-length files. It\r | |
381 | is a known WinZip bug (as of v7.0) that it will not extract zero-length\r | |
382 | files.\r | |
383 | .PP | |
384 | From the command line, you can use the djtar utility provided with \s-1DJGPP\s0\r | |
385 | to unpack and expand these files. For example:\r | |
386 | .PP | |
387 | .Vb 1 | |
388 | \& C:\edjgpp>djtarx -v Text-CSV-0.01.tar.gz | |
389 | .Ve | |
390 | .PP | |
391 | This will create the new directory \f(CW\*(C`($DJDIR)/Text\-CSV\-0.01\*(C'\fR, filling\r | |
392 | it with the source for this module.\r | |
393 | .Sh "Building Non-XS Modules on \s-1DOS\s0" | |
394 | .IX Subsection "Building Non-XS Modules on DOS" | |
395 | To build a non-XS module, you can use the standard module-building\r | |
396 | instructions distributed with perl modules.\r | |
397 | .PP | |
398 | .Vb 4 | |
399 | \& perl Makefile.PL\r | |
400 | \& make\r | |
401 | \& make test\r | |
402 | \& make install | |
403 | .Ve | |
404 | .PP | |
405 | This is sufficient because non-XS modules install only \*(L".pm\*(R" files and\r | |
406 | (sometimes) pod and/or man documentation. No re-linking of the perl\r | |
407 | binary is needed to build, install or use non-XS modules.\r | |
408 | .Sh "Building \s-1XS\s0 Modules on \s-1DOS\s0" | |
409 | .IX Subsection "Building XS Modules on DOS" | |
410 | To build an \s-1XS\s0 module, you must use the standard module-building\r | |
411 | instructions distributed with perl modules *PLUS* three extra\r | |
412 | instructions specific to the \s-1DJGPP\s0 \*(L"static link\*(R" build environment.\r | |
413 | .PP | |
414 | .Vb 7 | |
415 | \& set FNCASE=y\r | |
416 | \& perl Makefile.PL\r | |
417 | \& make\r | |
418 | \& make perl\r | |
419 | \& make test\r | |
420 | \& make -f Makefile.aperl inst_perl MAP_TARGET=perl.exe\r | |
421 | \& make install | |
422 | .Ve | |
423 | .PP | |
424 | The first extra instruction sets \s-1DJGPP\s0's \s-1FNCASE\s0 environment variable so\r | |
425 | that the new perl binary which you must build for an XS-type module will\r | |
426 | build correctly. The second extra instruction re-builds the perl binary\r | |
427 | in your module directory before you run \*(L"make test\*(R", so that you are\r | |
428 | testing with the new module code you built with \*(L"make\*(R". The third extra\r | |
429 | instruction installs the perl binary from your module directory into the\r | |
430 | standard \s-1DJGPP\s0 binary directory, \f(CW\*(C`($DJDIR)/bin\*(C'\fR, replacing your\r | |
431 | previous perl binary.\r | |
432 | .PP | |
433 | Note that the \s-1MAP_TARGET\s0 value *must* have the \*(L".exe\*(R" extension or you\r | |
434 | will not create a \*(L"perl.exe\*(R" to replace the one in \f(CW\*(C`($DJDIR)/bin\*(C'\fR.\r | |
435 | .PP | |
436 | When you are done, the XS-module install process will have added information\r | |
437 | to your \*(L"perllocal\*(R" information telling that the perl binary has been replaced,\r | |
438 | and what module was installed. You can view this information at any time\r | |
439 | by using the command:\r | |
440 | .PP | |
441 | .Vb 1 | |
442 | \& perl -S perldoc perllocal | |
443 | .Ve | |
444 | .SH "AUTHOR" | |
445 | .IX Header "AUTHOR" | |
446 | Laszlo Molnar, \fIlaszlo.molnar@eth.ericsson.se\fR [Installing/building perl]\r | |
447 | .PP | |
448 | Peter J. Farley \s-1III\s0 \fIpjfarley@banet.net\fR [Building/installing modules]\r | |
449 | .SH "SEE ALSO" | |
450 | .IX Header "SEE ALSO" | |
451 | \&\fIperl\fR\|(1).\r |