[OpenSPARC-T2-SAM] / sam-t2 / devtools / v9 / man / man1 / perlcheat.1

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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "PERLCHEAT 1"
.TH PERLCHEAT 1 "2006-01-07" "perl v5.8.8" "Perl Programmers Reference Guide"
.SH "NAME"
perlcheat \- Perl 5 Cheat Sheet
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
This 'cheat sheet' is a handy reference, meant for beginning Perl
programmers. Not everything is mentioned, but 194 features may
already be overwhelming.
.Sh "The sheet"
.IX Subsection "The sheet"
.Vb 62
\&  CONTEXTS  SIGILS             ARRAYS        HASHES
\&  void      $scalar   whole:   @array        %hash
\&  scalar    @array    slice:   @array[0, 2]  @hash{'a', 'b'}
\&  list      %hash     element: $array[0]     $hash{'a'}
\&            &sub
\&            *glob    SCALAR VALUES
\&                     number, string, reference, glob, undef
\&  REFERENCES
\&  \e     references      $$foo[1]       aka $foo->[1]
\&  $@%&* dereference     $$foo{bar}     aka $foo->{bar}
\&  []    anon. arrayref  ${$$foo[1]}[2] aka $foo->[1]->[2]
\&  {}    anon. hashref   ${$$foo[1]}[2] aka $foo->[1][2]
\&  \e()   list of refs
\&                          NUMBERS vs STRINGS  LINKS
\&  OPERATOR PRECEDENCE     =          =        perl.plover.com
\&  ->                      +          .        search.cpan.org
\&  ++ --                   == !=      eq ne         cpan.org
\&  **                      < > <= >=  lt gt le ge   pm.org
\&  ! ~ \e u+ u-             <=>        cmp           tpj.com
\&  =~ !~                                            perldoc.com
\&  * / % x                 SYNTAX
\&  + - .                   for    (LIST) { }, for (a;b;c) { }
\&  << >>                   while  ( ) { }, until ( ) { }
\&  named uops              if     ( ) { } elsif ( ) { } else { }
\&  < > <= >= lt gt le ge   unless ( ) { } elsif ( ) { } else { }
\&  == != <=> eq ne cmp     for equals foreach (ALWAYS)
\&  &
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\&  ||               $     str. end (before \en) /m line based ^$
\&  .. ...           +     one or more          /s . includes \en
\&  ?:               *     zero or more         /x ign. wh.space
\&  = += -= *= etc.  ?     zero or one          /g global
\&  , =>             {3,7} repeat in range
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\&                   \eb    word boundary    \ed == [0-9]
\&                   \ez    string end       \eS, \eW and \eD negate
\&  DO
\&  use strict;        DON'T            LINKS
\&  use warnings;      "$foo"           perl.com
\&  my $var;           $$variable_name  perlmonks.org
\&  open() or die $!;  `$userinput`     use.perl.org
\&  use Modules;       /$userinput/     perl.apache.org
\&                                      parrotcode.org
\&  FUNCTION RETURN LISTS
\&  stat      localtime    caller         SPECIAL VARIABLES
\&   0 dev    0 second     0 package      $_    default variable
\&   1 ino    1 minute     1 filename     $0    program name
\&   2 mode   2 hour       2 line         $/    input separator
\&   3 nlink  3 day        3 subroutine   $\e    output separator
\&   4 uid    4 month-1    4 hasargs      $|    autoflush
\&   5 gid    5 year-1900  5 wantarray    $!    sys/libcall error
\&   6 rdev   6 weekday    6 evaltext     $@    eval error
\&   7 size   7 yearday    7 is_require   $$    process ID
\&   8 atime  8 is_dst     8 hints        $.    line number
\&   9 mtime               9 bitmask      @ARGV command line args
\&  10 ctime  just use                    @INC  include paths
\&  11 blksz  POSIX::      3..9 only      @_    subroutine args
\&  12 blcks  strftime!    with EXPR      %ENV  environment
.Ve
.SH "ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS"
.IX Header "ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS"
The first version of this document appeared on Perl Monks, where several
people had useful suggestions. Thank you, Perl Monks.
.PP
A special thanks to Damian Conway, who didn't only suggest important changes,
but also took the time to count the number of listed features and make a
Perl 6 version to show that Perl will stay Perl.
.SH "AUTHOR"
.IX Header "AUTHOR"
Juerd Waalboer <juerd@cpan.org>, with the help of many Perl Monks.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
.Vb 3
\& http://perlmonks.org/?node_id=216602      the original PM post
\& http://perlmonks.org/?node_id=238031      Damian Conway's Perl 6 version
\& http://juerd.nl/site.plp/perlcheat        home of the Perl Cheat Sheet
.Ve
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	28	.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \| will give a
	29	.\" real vertical bar. \*(C+ will give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to
	30	.\" do unbreakable dashes and therefore won't be available. \(C` and \(C'
	31	.\" expand to `' in nroff, nothing in troff, for use with C<>.
	32	.tr \(W-\|\(bv\(Tr
	33	.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p'
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	50	.\"
	51	.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for
	52	.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.Sh), items (.Ip), and index
	53	.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the
	54	.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion.
	55	.if \nF \{\
	56	. de IX
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	58	..
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	64	.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
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66	.if n .na
67	.\"
68	.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2).
69	.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts.
70	. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff
71	.if n \{\
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100	. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu8/10-\(#H)'\z\(sl\h'\|\\n:u'
101	.\}
102	. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents
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125	. ds ae ae
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127	.\}
128	.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C
129	.\" ========================================================================
130	.\"
131	.IX Title "PERLCHEAT 1"
132	.TH PERLCHEAT 1 "2006-01-07" "perl v5.8.8" "Perl Programmers Reference Guide"
133	.SH "NAME"
134	perlcheat \- Perl 5 Cheat Sheet
135	.SH "DESCRIPTION"
136	.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
137	This 'cheat sheet' is a handy reference, meant for beginning Perl
138	programmers. Not everything is mentioned, but 194 features may
139	already be overwhelming.
140	.Sh "The sheet"
141	.IX Subsection "The sheet"
142	.Vb 62
143	\& CONTEXTS SIGILS ARRAYS HASHES
144	\& void $scalar whole: @array %hash
145	\& scalar @array slice: @array[0, 2] @hash{'a', 'b'}
146	\& list %hash element: $array[0] $hash{'a'}
147	\& &sub
148	\& *glob SCALAR VALUES
149	\& number, string, reference, glob, undef
150	\& REFERENCES
151	\& \e references $$foo[1] aka $foo->[1]
152	\& $@%&* dereference $$foo{bar} aka $foo->{bar}
153	\& [] anon. arrayref ${$$foo[1]}[2] aka $foo->[1]->[2]
154	\& {} anon. hashref ${$$foo[1]}[2] aka $foo->[1][2]
155	\& \e() list of refs
156	\& NUMBERS vs STRINGS LINKS
157	\& OPERATOR PRECEDENCE = = perl.plover.com
158	\& -> + . search.cpan.org
159	\& ++ -- == != eq ne cpan.org
160	\& ** < > <= >= lt gt le ge pm.org
161	\& ! ~ \e u+ u- <=> cmp tpj.com
162	\& =~ !~ perldoc.com
163	\& * / % x SYNTAX
164	\& + - . for (LIST) { }, for (a;b;c) { }
165	\& << >> while ( ) { }, until ( ) { }
166	\& named uops if ( ) { } elsif ( ) { } else { }
167	\& < > <= >= lt gt le ge unless ( ) { } elsif ( ) { } else { }
168	\& == != <=> eq ne cmp for equals foreach (ALWAYS)
169	\& &
170	\& \| ^ REGEX METACHARS REGEX MODIFIERS
171	\& && ^ string begin /i case insens.
172	\& \|\| $ str. end (before \en) /m line based ^$
173	\& .. ... + one or more /s . includes \en
174	\& ?: * zero or more /x ign. wh.space
175	\& = += -= *= etc. ? zero or one /g global
176	\& , => {3,7} repeat in range
177	\& list ops () capture REGEX CHARCLASSES
178	\& not (?:) no capture . == [^\en]
179	\& and [] character class \es == [\ex20\ef\et\er\en]
180	\& or xor \| alternation \ew == [A-Za-z0-9_]
181	\& \eb word boundary \ed == [0-9]
182	\& \ez string end \eS, \eW and \eD negate
183	\& DO
184	\& use strict; DON'T LINKS
185	\& use warnings; "$foo" perl.com
186	\& my $var; $$variable_name perlmonks.org
187	\& open() or die $!; `$userinput` use.perl.org
188	\& use Modules; /$userinput/ perl.apache.org
189	\& parrotcode.org
190	\& FUNCTION RETURN LISTS
191	\& stat localtime caller SPECIAL VARIABLES
192	\& 0 dev 0 second 0 package $_ default variable
193	\& 1 ino 1 minute 1 filename $0 program name
194	\& 2 mode 2 hour 2 line $/ input separator
195	\& 3 nlink 3 day 3 subroutine $\e output separator
196	\& 4 uid 4 month-1 4 hasargs $\| autoflush
197	\& 5 gid 5 year-1900 5 wantarray $! sys/libcall error
198	\& 6 rdev 6 weekday 6 evaltext $@ eval error
199	\& 7 size 7 yearday 7 is_require $$ process ID
200	\& 8 atime 8 is_dst 8 hints $. line number
201	\& 9 mtime 9 bitmask @ARGV command line args
202	\& 10 ctime just use @INC include paths
203	\& 11 blksz POSIX:: 3..9 only @_ subroutine args
204	\& 12 blcks strftime! with EXPR %ENV environment
205	.Ve
206	.SH "ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS"
207	.IX Header "ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS"
208	The first version of this document appeared on Perl Monks, where several
209	people had useful suggestions. Thank you, Perl Monks.
210	.PP
211	A special thanks to Damian Conway, who didn't only suggest important changes,
212	but also took the time to count the number of listed features and make a
213	Perl 6 version to show that Perl will stay Perl.
214	.SH "AUTHOR"
215	.IX Header "AUTHOR"
216	Juerd Waalboer <juerd@cpan.org>, with the help of many Perl Monks.
217	.SH "SEE ALSO"
218	.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
219	.Vb 3
220	\& http://perlmonks.org/?node_id=216602 the original PM post
221	\& http://perlmonks.org/?node_id=238031 Damian Conway's Perl 6 version
222	\& http://juerd.nl/site.plp/perlcheat home of the Perl Cheat Sheet
223	.Ve