Commit | Line | Data |
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70567b1c | 1 | .\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991 The Regents of the University of California. |
61dbfbf1 | 2 | .\" All rights reserved. |
021014a6 | 3 | .\" |
31b39933 | 4 | .\" %sccs.include.redist.man% |
61dbfbf1 | 5 | .\" |
70567b1c | 6 | .\" @(#)boot_vax.8 6.9 (Berkeley) %G% |
021014a6 | 7 | .\" |
70567b1c CL |
8 | .Dd |
9 | .Dt REBOOT 8 | |
10 | .Os BSD 4 | |
11 | .Sh NAME | |
12 | .Nm reboot | |
13 | .Nd | |
14 | .Tn UNIX | |
15 | bootstrapping procedures | |
16 | .Sh SYNOPSIS | |
17 | .Nm reboot | |
18 | .Op Fl n | |
19 | .Op Fl q | |
20 | .Sh DESCRIPTION | |
21 | .Pp | |
22 | .Tn UNIX | |
23 | is started by placing it in memory | |
be1d37d3 | 24 | at location zero and transferring to the entry point. |
021014a6 KM |
25 | Since the system is not reenterable, |
26 | it is necessary to read it in from disk or tape | |
27 | each time it is to be bootstrapped. | |
70567b1c CL |
28 | .Pp |
29 | .Sy Rebooting a running system . | |
30 | When a | |
31 | .Tn UNIX | |
32 | is running and a reboot is desired, | |
33 | .Xr shutdown 8 | |
021014a6 KM |
34 | is normally used. |
35 | If there are no users then | |
70567b1c | 36 | .Nm reboot |
021014a6 | 37 | can be used. |
13e92b42 MK |
38 | Reboot causes the disks to be synced and allows the system |
39 | to perform other shutdown activities such as resynchronizing | |
40 | hardware time-of-day clocks. | |
41 | A multi-user reboot (as described below) is then initiated. | |
42 | This causes a system to be | |
021014a6 KM |
43 | booted and an automatic disk check to be performed. If all this succeeds |
44 | without incident, the system is then brought up for many users. | |
70567b1c | 45 | .Pp |
021014a6 | 46 | Options to reboot are: |
70567b1c CL |
47 | .Bl -tag -width Ds |
48 | .It Fl n | |
021014a6 | 49 | option avoids the sync. It can be used if a disk or the processor |
6f055ecd | 50 | is on fire. |
70567b1c | 51 | .It Fl q |
021014a6 KM |
52 | reboots quickly and ungracefully, without shutting down running |
53 | processes first. | |
70567b1c CL |
54 | .El |
55 | .Pp | |
56 | .Nm Reboot | |
b77763cc | 57 | normally logs the reboot using |
70567b1c | 58 | .Xr syslog 8 |
b77763cc | 59 | and places a shutdown record in the login accounting file |
70567b1c | 60 | .Pa /var/log/wtmp. |
b77763cc | 61 | These actions are inhibited if the |
70567b1c | 62 | .Fl n |
b77763cc | 63 | or |
70567b1c | 64 | .Fl q |
b77763cc | 65 | options are present. |
70567b1c CL |
66 | .Pp |
67 | .Sy Power fail and crash recovery. | |
021014a6 KM |
68 | Normally, the system will reboot itself at power-up or after crashes. |
69 | Provided the auto-restart is enabled on the machine front panel, | |
be1d37d3 MK |
70 | an automatic consistency check of the file systems will be performed, |
71 | and unless this fails, the system will resume multi-user operations. | |
70567b1c CL |
72 | .Pp |
73 | .Sy Cold starts . | |
3dd800de | 74 | These are processor-type dependent. |
021014a6 KM |
75 | On an 11/780, there are two floppy files for each disk controller, |
76 | both of which cause boots from unit 0 of the root file system | |
77 | of a controller located on mba0 or uba0. | |
78 | One gives a single user shell, while the other invokes the multi-user | |
70567b1c CL |
79 | automatic reboot. Thus these files are |
80 | .Tn HPS | |
81 | and | |
82 | .Tn HPM | |
83 | for the single | |
84 | and multi-user boot from | |
85 | .Tn MASSBUS | |
86 | RP06/RM03/RM05 disks, | |
87 | .Tn UPS | |
88 | and | |
89 | .Tn UPM | |
90 | for | |
91 | .Tn UNIBUS | |
92 | storage module controller and disks | |
93 | such as the | |
94 | .Tn EMULEX | |
95 | SC-21 | |
96 | and | |
97 | .Tn AMPEX | |
98 | 9300 pair, | |
99 | .Tn RAS | |
100 | and | |
101 | .Tn RAM | |
102 | to boot from | |
103 | .Tn MSCP | |
104 | controllers and disks such as the RA81, | |
105 | or | |
106 | .Tn HKS | |
107 | and | |
108 | .Tn HKM | |
109 | for RK07 disks. | |
be1d37d3 MK |
110 | There is also a script for booting from the default device, |
111 | which is normally a copy of one of the standard multi-user boot scripts, | |
112 | but which may be modified to perform other actions | |
113 | or to boot from a different unit. | |
114 | The situation on the 8600 is similar, with scripts loaded from the console RL02. | |
70567b1c | 115 | .Pp |
021014a6 | 116 | Giving the command |
70567b1c CL |
117 | .Pp |
118 | .Dl >>>BOOT HPM | |
119 | .Pp | |
3dd800de | 120 | would boot the system from (e.g.) an RP06 and run the automatic consistency |
021014a6 | 121 | check as described in |
70567b1c | 122 | .Xr fsck 8 . |
021014a6 KM |
123 | (Note that it may |
124 | be necessary to type control-P | |
be1d37d3 | 125 | and halt the processor |
70567b1c CL |
126 | to gain the attention of the |
127 | .Tn LSI-11 | |
128 | before getting the >>> prompt.) | |
021014a6 | 129 | The command |
70567b1c CL |
130 | .Pp |
131 | .Dl >>>BOOT ANY | |
132 | .Pp | |
021014a6 KM |
133 | invokes a version of the boot program in a way which allows you to |
134 | specify any system as the system to be booted. | |
135 | It reads from the console a device specification (see below) followed | |
136 | immediately by a pathname. | |
70567b1c | 137 | .Pp |
be1d37d3 | 138 | The scripts may be modified for local configuration if necessary. |
ca65dd63 | 139 | The flags are placed in register 11 (as defined in |
70567b1c | 140 | .Aq Pa sys/reboot.h ) . |
3dd800de MK |
141 | The boot device is specified in register 10. |
142 | The encoding of this register is also defined in | |
70567b1c | 143 | .Aq Pa sys/reboot.h . |
3dd800de MK |
144 | The current encoding has a historical basis, and is shown in the following |
145 | table: | |
70567b1c CL |
146 | .Pp |
147 | .Bd -unfilled -offset indent -compact | |
148 | bits usage | |
149 | 0-7 boot device type (the device major number) | |
150 | 8-15 disk partition | |
151 | 16-19 drive unit | |
152 | 20-23 controller number | |
153 | 24-27 adaptor number (UNIBUS or MASSBUS as appropriate) | |
154 | .Ed | |
155 | .Pp | |
3dd800de MK |
156 | The adaptor number corresponds to the normal configuration on the 11/750, |
157 | and to the order in which adaptors are found on the 11/780 and 8600 | |
70567b1c CL |
158 | (generally the same as the numbers used by |
159 | .Tn UNIX ) . | |
160 | .Pp | |
021014a6 KM |
161 | On an 11/750, the reset button will boot from the device |
162 | selected by the front panel boot device switch. In systems | |
163 | with RK07's, position B normally selects the RK07 for boot. | |
164 | This will boot multi-user. To boot from RK07 with boot flags you | |
165 | may specify | |
70567b1c CL |
166 | .Pp |
167 | .Bd -unfilled -offset indent -compact | |
168 | .Li \&>>>B/ Ns Fl n No DMA0 | |
169 | .Ed | |
170 | .Pp | |
171 | where, giving a | |
172 | .Ar n | |
173 | of 1 causes the boot program | |
021014a6 | 174 | to ask for the name of the system to be bootstrapped, |
70567b1c CL |
175 | giving a |
176 | .Ar n | |
177 | of 2 causes the boot program to come up single | |
178 | user, and a | |
179 | .Ar n | |
180 | of 3 causes both of these actions to occur. | |
181 | The ``DM'' specifies RK07, the ``A'' represents the adaptor number | |
182 | .Pf ( Tn UNIBUS | |
183 | or | |
184 | .Tn MASSBUS ) , | |
185 | and the ``0'' is the drive unit number. | |
186 | Other disk types which may be used are DB | |
187 | .Pq Tn MASSBUS , | |
188 | DD (TU58), | |
189 | and DU | |
190 | .Pf ( Tn UDA-50/RA | |
191 | disk). | |
be1d37d3 | 192 | A non-zero disk partition can be used by adding (partition times 1000 hex) |
70567b1c CL |
193 | to |
194 | .Ar n . | |
195 | .Pp | |
196 | The boot procedure on the Micro | |
197 | .Tn VAX | |
198 | II | |
199 | is similar. | |
3dd800de MK |
200 | A switch on the back panel sets the power-up action |
201 | to autoboot or to halt. | |
202 | When halted, the processor may be booted using the same syntax | |
203 | as on the 11/750. | |
70567b1c | 204 | .Pp |
021014a6 KM |
205 | The 11/750 boot procedure uses the boot roms to load block 0 off of |
206 | the specified device. The /usr/mdec directory contains a number | |
207 | of bootstrap programs for the various disks which should be placed | |
3dd800de | 208 | in a new pack by |
70567b1c CL |
209 | .Xr disklabel 8 . |
210 | Similarly, the Micro | |
211 | .Tn VAX | |
212 | II boot procedure loads a boot parameter block | |
3dd800de MK |
213 | from block 0 of the disk. |
214 | The | |
70567b1c CL |
215 | .Xr rdboot |
216 | .Dq bootstrap | |
217 | contains the correct parameters for an | |
218 | .Tn MSCP | |
219 | disk such | |
3dd800de | 220 | as the RD53. |
70567b1c | 221 | .Pp |
be1d37d3 | 222 | On any processor, the |
70567b1c | 223 | .Em boot |
021014a6 | 224 | program |
be1d37d3 | 225 | finds the corresponding file on the given device |
70567b1c | 226 | .Pf ( Pa vmunix |
be1d37d3 | 227 | by default), loads that file |
021014a6 KM |
228 | into memory location zero, and starts the program at the entry address |
229 | specified in the program header (after clearing off the high bit | |
be1d37d3 | 230 | of the specified entry address). |
70567b1c CL |
231 | .Pp |
232 | The file specifications used with | |
233 | .Dq BOOT ANY | |
234 | or | |
235 | .Dq \&B/3 | |
be1d37d3 | 236 | are of the form: |
70567b1c CL |
237 | .Pp |
238 | .Dl device(adaptor,controller,unit,minor) | |
239 | .Pp | |
021014a6 | 240 | where |
70567b1c | 241 | .Ar device |
021014a6 | 242 | is the type of the device to be searched, |
70567b1c CL |
243 | .Ar adaptor |
244 | is the | |
245 | .Tn UNIBUS | |
246 | or | |
247 | .Tn MASSBUS | |
248 | number of the adaptor to which the device is attached, | |
249 | .Ar controller | |
250 | is the unit number of the controller or | |
251 | .Tn MASSBUS | |
252 | tape formatter on that adaptor, | |
253 | .Ar unit | |
3dd800de | 254 | is the unit number of the disk or transport slave unit of the tape, |
021014a6 | 255 | and |
70567b1c | 256 | .Ar minor |
be1d37d3 | 257 | is the disk partition or tape file number. |
3dd800de | 258 | Leading adaptor or controller numbers default to 0. |
be1d37d3 | 259 | Normal line editing characters can be used when typing the file specification. |
021014a6 KM |
260 | The following list of supported devices may vary from installation to |
261 | installation: | |
70567b1c CL |
262 | .Pp |
263 | .Bd -unfilled -offset indent -compact | |
264 | hp MASSBUS disk drive | |
265 | up UNIBUS storage module drive | |
266 | ht TE16,TU45,TU77 on MASSBUS | |
267 | kra storage module on a KDB50 | |
268 | mt TU78 on MASSBUS | |
269 | hk RK07 on UNIBUS | |
270 | ra storage module on a MSCP-compatible UNIBUS controller | |
271 | rb storage module on a 730 IDC | |
272 | rl RL02 on UNIBUS | |
273 | tm TM11 emulation tape drives on UNIBUS | |
274 | tms TMSCP-compatible tape | |
275 | ts TS11 on UNIBUS | |
276 | ut UNIBUS TU45 emulator | |
277 | .Ed | |
278 | .Pp | |
be1d37d3 MK |
279 | For example, |
280 | to boot from a file system which starts at cylinder 0 | |
70567b1c CL |
281 | of unit 0 of a |
282 | .Tn MASSBUS | |
283 | disk, type | |
284 | .Ql hp(0,0)vmunix | |
285 | to the boot prompt; | |
286 | .Ql hp(2,0,1,0)vmunix | |
287 | would specify drive 1 on | |
288 | .Tn MASSBUS | |
289 | adaptor 2; | |
290 | .Ql up(0,0)vmunix | |
291 | would specify a | |
292 | .Tn UNIBUS | |
293 | drive, | |
294 | .Ql hk(0,0)vmunix | |
295 | would specify | |
296 | an RK07 disk drive, | |
297 | .Ql ra(1,0,0,0)vmunix | |
298 | would specify a | |
299 | .Tn UDA50 | |
300 | disk drive on a second | |
301 | .Tn UNIBUS , | |
302 | and | |
303 | .Ql rb(0,0)vmunix | |
304 | would specify a | |
305 | disk on a 730 | |
306 | .Tn IDC . | |
3dd800de | 307 | For tapes, the minor device number gives a file offset; |
70567b1c CL |
308 | .Ql mt(1,2,3,4) |
309 | would specify the fifth file on slave 3 of the formatter | |
310 | at | |
311 | .Ql drive | |
312 | 2 on mba 1. | |
313 | .Pp | |
13e92b42 MK |
314 | On an 11/750 with patchable control store, |
315 | microcode patches will be installed by | |
70567b1c | 316 | .Em boot |
13e92b42 | 317 | if the file |
70567b1c | 318 | .Pa psc750.bin |
13e92b42 | 319 | exists in the root of the filesystem from which the system is booted. |
70567b1c | 320 | .Pp |
021014a6 | 321 | In an emergency, the bootstrap methods described in the paper |
70567b1c CL |
322 | .%T Installing and Operating 4.3bsd |
323 | can be used to boot from a distribution tape. | |
324 | .Sh FILES | |
325 | .Bl -tag -width /usr/mdec/xxboot -compact | |
326 | .It Pa /vmunix | |
327 | system code | |
328 | .It Pa /boot | |
329 | system bootstrap | |
330 | .It Pa /usr/mdec/xxboot | |
331 | sector-0 boot block for 750, xx is disk type | |
332 | .It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx | |
333 | second-stage boot for 750, xx is disk type | |
334 | .It Pa /pcs750.bin | |
335 | microcode patch file on 750 | |
336 | .El | |
337 | .Sh SEE ALSO | |
338 | .Xr arff 8 , | |
339 | .Xr crash 8 , | |
340 | .Xr disklabel 8 , | |
341 | .Xr fsck 8 , | |
342 | .Xr halt 8 , | |
343 | .Xr init 8 , | |
344 | .Xr rc 8 , | |
345 | .Xr shutdown 8 , | |
346 | .Xr syslogd 8 | |
347 | .Sh HISTORY | |
348 | The | |
349 | .Nm | |
350 | command appeared in | |
351 | .Bx 4.0 . |