[unix-history] / usr / src / sbin / newfs / newfs.c

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1983, 1989 The Regents of the University of California.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * %sccs.include.redist.c%
 */

#ifndef lint
static char sccsid[] = "@(#)newfs.c	6.29 (Berkeley) %G%";
#endif /* not lint */

#ifndef lint
char copyright[] =
"@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1989 Regents of the University of California.\n\
 All rights reserved.\n";
#endif /* not lint */

/*
 * newfs: friendly front end to mkfs
 */
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/disklabel.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <ufs/ufs/dir.h>
#include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>

#include <errno.h>
#if __STDC__
#include <stdarg.h>
#else
#include <varargs.h>
#endif
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <paths.h>

#if __STDC__
void	fatal(const char *fmt, ...);
#else
void	fatal();
#endif

#define	COMPAT			/* allow non-labeled disks */

/*
 * The following two constants set the default block and fragment sizes.
 * Both constants must be a power of 2 and meet the following constraints:
 *	MINBSIZE <= DESBLKSIZE <= MAXBSIZE
 *	sectorsize <= DESFRAGSIZE <= DESBLKSIZE
 *	DESBLKSIZE / DESFRAGSIZE <= 8
 */
#define	DFL_FRAGSIZE	1024
#define	DFL_BLKSIZE	8192

/*
 * Cylinder groups may have up to many cylinders. The actual
 * number used depends upon how much information can be stored
 * on a single cylinder. The default is to use 16 cylinders
 * per group.
 */
#define	DESCPG		16	/* desired fs_cpg */

/*
 * MINFREE gives the minimum acceptable percentage of file system
 * blocks which may be free. If the freelist drops below this level
 * only the superuser may continue to allocate blocks. This may
 * be set to 0 if no reserve of free blocks is deemed necessary,
 * however throughput drops by fifty percent if the file system
 * is run at between 90% and 100% full; thus the default value of
 * fs_minfree is 10%. With 10% free space, fragmentation is not a
 * problem, so we choose to optimize for time.
 */
#define MINFREE		10
#define DEFAULTOPT	FS_OPTTIME

/*
 * ROTDELAY gives the minimum number of milliseconds to initiate
 * another disk transfer on the same cylinder. It is used in
 * determining the rotationally optimal layout for disk blocks
 * within a file; the default of fs_rotdelay is 4ms.
 */
#define ROTDELAY	4

/*
 * MAXCONTIG sets the default for the maximum number of blocks
 * that may be allocated sequentially. Since UNIX drivers are
 * not capable of scheduling multi-block transfers, this defaults
 * to 1 (ie no contiguous blocks are allocated).
 */
#define MAXCONTIG	1

/*
 * MAXBLKPG determines the maximum number of data blocks which are
 * placed in a single cylinder group. The default is one indirect
 * block worth of data blocks.
 */
#define MAXBLKPG(bsize)	((bsize) / sizeof(daddr_t))

/*
 * Each file system has a number of inodes statically allocated.
 * We allocate one inode slot per NFPI fragments, expecting this
 * to be far more than we will ever need.
 */
#define	NFPI		4

/*
 * For each cylinder we keep track of the availability of blocks at different
 * rotational positions, so that we can lay out the data to be picked
 * up with minimum rotational latency.  NRPOS is the default number of
 * rotational positions that we distinguish.  With NRPOS of 8 the resolution
 * of our summary information is 2ms for a typical 3600 rpm drive.
 */
#define	NRPOS		8	/* number distinct rotational positions */


int	mfs;			/* run as the memory based filesystem */
int	Nflag;			/* run without writing file system */
int	fssize;			/* file system size */
int	ntracks;		/* # tracks/cylinder */
int	nsectors;		/* # sectors/track */
int	nphyssectors;		/* # sectors/track including spares */
int	secpercyl;		/* sectors per cylinder */
int	trackspares = -1;	/* spare sectors per track */
int	cylspares = -1;		/* spare sectors per cylinder */
int	sectorsize;		/* bytes/sector */
#ifdef tahoe
int	realsectorsize;		/* bytes/sector in hardware */
#endif
int	rpm;			/* revolutions/minute of drive */
int	interleave;		/* hardware sector interleave */
int	trackskew = -1;		/* sector 0 skew, per track */
int	headswitch;		/* head switch time, usec */
int	trackseek;		/* track-to-track seek, usec */
int	fsize = 0;		/* fragment size */
int	bsize = 0;		/* block size */
int	cpg = DESCPG;		/* cylinders/cylinder group */
int	cpgflg;			/* cylinders/cylinder group flag was given */
int	minfree = MINFREE;	/* free space threshold */
int	opt = DEFAULTOPT;	/* optimization preference (space or time) */
int	density;		/* number of bytes per inode */
int	maxcontig = MAXCONTIG;	/* max contiguous blocks to allocate */
int	rotdelay = ROTDELAY;	/* rotational delay between blocks */
int	maxbpg;			/* maximum blocks per file in a cyl group */
int	nrpos = NRPOS;		/* # of distinguished rotational positions */
int	bbsize = BBSIZE;	/* boot block size */
int	sbsize = SBSIZE;	/* superblock size */
int	mntflags;		/* flags to be passed to mount */
u_long	memleft;		/* virtual memory available */
caddr_t	membase;		/* start address of memory based filesystem */
#ifdef COMPAT
char	*disktype;
int	unlabeled;
#endif

char	device[MAXPATHLEN];
char	*progname;

main(argc, argv)
	int argc;
	char *argv[];
{
	extern char *optarg;
	extern int optind;
	register int ch;
	register struct partition *pp;
	register struct disklabel *lp;
	struct disklabel *getdisklabel();
	struct partition oldpartition;
	struct stat st;
	int fsi, fso;
	char *cp, *special, *opstring, buf[BUFSIZ];

	if (progname = rindex(*argv, '/'))
		++progname;
	else
		progname = *argv;

	if (strstr(progname, "mfs")) {
		mfs = 1;
		Nflag++;
	}

	opstring = "F:NS:T:a:b:c:d:e:f:i:k:l:m:n:o:p:r:s:t:u:x:";
	if (!mfs)
		opstring += 2;		/* -F is mfs only */

	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opstring)) != EOF)
		switch(ch) {
		case 'F':
			if ((mntflags = atoi(optarg)) == 0)
				fatal("%s: bad mount flags", optarg);
			break;
		case 'N':
			Nflag++;
			break;
		case 'S':
			if ((sectorsize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
				fatal("%s: bad sector size", optarg);
			break;
#ifdef COMPAT
		case 'T':
			disktype = optarg;
			break;
#endif
		case 'a':
			if ((maxcontig = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
				fatal("%s: bad max contiguous blocks\n",
				    optarg);
			break;
		case 'b':
			if ((bsize = atoi(optarg)) < MINBSIZE)
				fatal("%s: bad block size", optarg);
			break;
		case 'c':
			if ((cpg = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
				fatal("%s: bad cylinders/group", optarg);
			cpgflg++;
			break;
		case 'd':
			if ((rotdelay = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
				fatal("%s: bad rotational delay\n", optarg);
			break;
		case 'e':
			if ((maxbpg = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
				fatal("%s: bad blocks per file in a cyl group\n",
				    optarg);
			break;
		case 'f':
			if ((fsize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
				fatal("%s: bad frag size", optarg);
			break;
		case 'i':
			if ((density = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
				fatal("%s: bad bytes per inode\n", optarg);
			break;
		case 'k':
			if ((trackskew = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
				fatal("%s: bad track skew", optarg);
			break;
		case 'l':
			if ((interleave = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
				fatal("%s: bad interleave", optarg);
			break;
		case 'm':
			if ((minfree = atoi(optarg)) < 0 || minfree > 99)
				fatal("%s: bad free space %%\n", optarg);
			break;
		case 'n':
			if ((nrpos = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
				fatal("%s: bad rotational layout count\n",
				    optarg);
			break;
		case 'o':
			if (strcmp(optarg, "space") == 0)
				opt = FS_OPTSPACE;
			else if (strcmp(optarg, "time") == 0)
				opt = FS_OPTTIME;
			else
				fatal("%s: bad optimization preference %s",
				    optarg, "(options are `space' or `time')");
			break;
		case 'p':
			if ((trackspares = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
				fatal("%s: bad spare sectors per track",
				    optarg);
			break;
		case 'r':
			if ((rpm = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
				fatal("%s: bad revs/minute\n", optarg);
			break;
		case 's':
			if ((fssize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
				fatal("%s: bad file system size", optarg);
			break;
		case 't':
			if ((ntracks = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
				fatal("%s: bad total tracks", optarg);
			break;
		case 'u':
			if ((nsectors = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
				fatal("%s: bad sectors/track", optarg);
			break;
		case 'x':
			if ((cylspares = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
				fatal("%s: bad spare sectors per cylinder",
				    optarg);
			break;
		case '?':
		default:
			usage();
		}
	argc -= optind;
	argv += optind;

	if (argc != 2 && (mfs || argc != 1))
		usage();

	special = argv[0];
	cp = rindex(special, '/');
	if (cp == 0) {
		/*
		 * No path prefix; try /dev/r%s then /dev/%s.
		 */
		(void)sprintf(device, "%sr%s", _PATH_DEV, special);
		if (stat(device, &st) == -1)
			(void)sprintf(device, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, special);
		special = device;
	}
	if (!Nflag) {
		fso = open(special, O_WRONLY);
		if (fso < 0)
			fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
	} else
		fso = -1;
	fsi = open(special, O_RDONLY);
	if (fsi < 0)
		fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
	if (fstat(fsi, &st) < 0)
		fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
	if ((st.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFCHR && !mfs)
		printf("%s: %s: not a character-special device\n",
		    progname, special);
	cp = index(argv[0], '\0') - 1;
	if (cp == 0 || (*cp < 'a' || *cp > 'h') && !isdigit(*cp))
		fatal("%s: can't figure out file system partition", argv[0]);
#ifdef COMPAT
	if (!mfs && disktype == NULL)
		disktype = argv[1];
#endif
	lp = getdisklabel(special, fsi);
	if (isdigit(*cp))
		pp = &lp->d_partitions[0];
	else
		pp = &lp->d_partitions[*cp - 'a'];
	if (pp->p_size == 0)
		fatal("%s: `%c' partition is unavailable", argv[0], *cp);
	if (fssize == 0)
		fssize = pp->p_size;
	if (fssize > pp->p_size && !mfs)
	       fatal("%s: maximum file system size on the `%c' partition is %d",
			argv[0], *cp, pp->p_size);
	if (rpm == 0) {
		rpm = lp->d_rpm;
		if (rpm <= 0)
			rpm = 3600;
	}
	if (ntracks == 0) {
		ntracks = lp->d_ntracks;
		if (ntracks <= 0)
			fatal("%s: no default #tracks", argv[0]);
	}
	if (nsectors == 0) {
		nsectors = lp->d_nsectors;
		if (nsectors <= 0)
			fatal("%s: no default #sectors/track", argv[0]);
	}
	if (sectorsize == 0) {
		sectorsize = lp->d_secsize;
		if (sectorsize <= 0)
			fatal("%s: no default sector size", argv[0]);
	}
	if (trackskew == -1) {
		trackskew = lp->d_trackskew;
		if (trackskew < 0)
			trackskew = 0;
	}
	if (interleave == 0) {
		interleave = lp->d_interleave;
		if (interleave <= 0)
			interleave = 1;
	}
	if (fsize == 0) {
		fsize = pp->p_fsize;
		if (fsize <= 0)
			fsize = MAX(DFL_FRAGSIZE, lp->d_secsize);
	}
	if (bsize == 0) {
		bsize = pp->p_frag * pp->p_fsize;
		if (bsize <= 0)
			bsize = MIN(DFL_BLKSIZE, 8 * fsize);
	}
	if (density == 0)
		density = NFPI * fsize;
	if (minfree < 10 && opt != FS_OPTSPACE) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Warning: changing optimization to space ");
		fprintf(stderr, "because minfree is less than 10%%\n");
		opt = FS_OPTSPACE;
	}
	if (trackspares == -1) {
		trackspares = lp->d_sparespertrack;
		if (trackspares < 0)
			trackspares = 0;
	}
	nphyssectors = nsectors + trackspares;
	if (cylspares == -1) {
		cylspares = lp->d_sparespercyl;
		if (cylspares < 0)
			cylspares = 0;
	}
	secpercyl = nsectors * ntracks - cylspares;
	if (secpercyl != lp->d_secpercyl)
		fprintf(stderr, "%s (%d) %s (%lu)\n",
			"Warning: calculated sectors per cylinder", secpercyl,
			"disagrees with disk label", lp->d_secpercyl);
	if (maxbpg == 0)
		maxbpg = MAXBLKPG(bsize);
	headswitch = lp->d_headswitch;
	trackseek = lp->d_trkseek;
	/* Reno fix: label may be 0 if faked up by kernel */
#ifdef notdef
#ifdef notdef /* label may be 0 if faked up by kernel */
	bbsize = lp->d_bbsize;
	sbsize = lp->d_sbsize;
#endif
#endif
	oldpartition = *pp;
#ifdef tahoe
	realsectorsize = sectorsize;
	if (sectorsize != DEV_BSIZE) {		/* XXX */
		int secperblk = DEV_BSIZE / sectorsize;

		sectorsize = DEV_BSIZE;
		nsectors /= secperblk;
		nphyssectors /= secperblk;
		secpercyl /= secperblk;
		fssize /= secperblk;
		pp->p_size /= secperblk;
	}
#endif
	mkfs(pp, special, fsi, fso);
#ifdef tahoe
	if (realsectorsize != DEV_BSIZE)
		pp->p_size *= DEV_BSIZE / realsectorsize;
#endif
	if (!Nflag && bcmp(pp, &oldpartition, sizeof(oldpartition)))
		rewritelabel(special, fso, lp);
	if (!Nflag)
		close(fso);
	close(fsi);
#ifdef MFS
	if (mfs) {
		struct mfs_args args;

		sprintf(buf, "mfs:%d", getpid());
		args.name = buf;
		args.base = membase;
		args.size = fssize * sectorsize;
		if (mount(MOUNT_MFS, argv[1], mntflags, &args) < 0)
			fatal("%s: %s", argv[1], strerror(errno));
	}
#endif
	exit(0);
}

#ifdef COMPAT
char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label; disk type must be specified";
#else
char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label";
#endif

struct disklabel *
getdisklabel(s, fd)
	char *s;
	int fd;
{
	static struct disklabel lab;

	if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, (char *)&lab) < 0) {
#ifdef COMPAT
		if (disktype) {
			struct disklabel *lp, *getdiskbyname();

			unlabeled++;
			lp = getdiskbyname(disktype);
			if (lp == NULL)
				fatal("%s: unknown disk type", disktype);
			return (lp);
		}
#endif
		(void)fprintf(stderr,
		    "%s: ioctl (GDINFO): %s\n", progname, strerror(errno));
		fatal(lmsg, s);
	}
	return (&lab);
}

rewritelabel(s, fd, lp)
	char *s;
	int fd;
	register struct disklabel *lp;
{
#ifdef COMPAT
	if (unlabeled)
		return;
#endif
	lp->d_checksum = 0;
	lp->d_checksum = dkcksum(lp);
	if (ioctl(fd, DIOCWDINFO, (char *)lp) < 0) {
		(void)fprintf(stderr,
		    "%s: ioctl (WDINFO): %s\n", progname, strerror(errno));
		fatal("%s: can't rewrite disk label", s);
	}
#if vax
	if (lp->d_type == DTYPE_SMD && lp->d_flags & D_BADSECT) {
		register i;
		int cfd;
		daddr_t alt;
		char specname[64];
		char blk[1024];
		char *cp;

		/*
		 * Make name for 'c' partition.
		 */
		strcpy(specname, s);
		cp = specname + strlen(specname) - 1;
		if (!isdigit(*cp))
			*cp = 'c';
		cfd = open(specname, O_WRONLY);
		if (cfd < 0)
			fatal("%s: %s", specname, strerror(errno));
		bzero(blk, sizeof(blk));
		*(struct disklabel *)(blk + LABELOFFSET) = *lp;
		alt = lp->d_ncylinders * lp->d_secpercyl - lp->d_nsectors;
		for (i = 1; i < 11 && i < lp->d_nsectors; i += 2) {
			if (lseek(cfd, (off_t)(alt + i) * lp->d_secsize,
			    L_SET) == -1)
				fatal("lseek to badsector area: %s",
				    strerror(errno));
			if (write(cfd, blk, lp->d_secsize) < lp->d_secsize)
				fprintf(stderr,
				    "%s: alternate label %d write: %s\n",
				    progname, i/2, strerror(errno));
		}
		close(cfd);
	}
#endif
}

/*VARARGS*/
void
#if __STDC__
fatal(const char *fmt, ...)
#else
fatal(fmt, va_alist)
	char *fmt;
	va_dcl
#endif
{
	va_list ap;

#if __STDC__
	va_start(ap, fmt);
#else
	va_start(ap);
#endif
	fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", progname);
	(void)vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
	va_end(ap);
	putc('\n', stderr);
	exit(1);
}

usage()
{
	if (mfs) {
		fprintf(stderr,
		    "usage: mfs [ -fsoptions ] special-device mount-point\n");
	} else
		fprintf(stderr,
		    "usage: newfs [ -fsoptions ] special-device%s\n",
#ifdef COMPAT
		    " [device-type]");
#else
		    "");
#endif
	fprintf(stderr, "where fsoptions are:\n");
	fprintf(stderr,
	    "\t-N do not create file system, just print out parameters\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-S sector size\n");
#ifdef COMPAT
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-T disktype\n");
#endif
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-a maximum contiguous blocks\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-b block size\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-c cylinders/group\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-d rotational delay between contiguous blocks\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-e maximum blocks per file in a cylinder group\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-f frag size\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-i number of bytes per inode\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-k sector 0 skew, per track\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-l hardware sector interleave\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-m minimum free space %%\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-n number of distinguished rotational positions\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-o optimization preference (`space' or `time')\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-p spare sectors per track\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-s file system size (sectors)\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-r revolutions/minute\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-t tracks/cylinder\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-u sectors/track\n");
	fprintf(stderr, "\t-x spare sectors per cylinder\n");
	exit(1);
}
Commit	Line	Data
c018628f	1	/*
ec7b02f7 KM	2	* Copyright (c) 1983, 1989 The Regents of the University of California.
	3	* All rights reserved.
	4	*
70ab3c27	5	* %sccs.include.redist.c%
c018628f DF	6	*/
	7
	8	#ifndef lint
558b3a30	9	static char sccsid[] = "@(#)newfs.c 6.29 (Berkeley) %G%";
ec7b02f7	10	#endif /* not lint */
c018628f	11
a54c0b3f	12	#ifndef lint
ec7b02f7 KM	13	char copyright[] =
	14	"@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1989 Regents of the University of California.\n\
	15	All rights reserved.\n";
	16	#endif /* not lint */
a54c0b3f SL	17
a54c0b3f SL	18	/*
c6003316	19	* newfs: friendly front end to mkfs
a54c0b3f SL	20	*/
	21	#include <sys/param.h>
	22	#include <sys/stat.h>
8485bb11 KM	23	#include <sys/ioctl.h>
	24	#include <sys/disklabel.h>
	25	#include <sys/file.h>
ec7b02f7	26	#include <sys/mount.h>
558b3a30 KB	27	#include <ufs/ufs/dir.h>
558b3a30 KB	28	#include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
a54c0b3f	29
fcc01f65	30	#include <errno.h>
e99c53de	31	#if __STDC__
fcc01f65	32	#include <stdarg.h>
e99c53de CT	33	#else
	34	#include <varargs.h>
	35	#endif
a54c0b3f	36	#include <stdio.h>
8485bb11	37	#include <ctype.h>
fcc01f65 KB	38	#include <string.h>
fcc01f65 KB	39	#include <stdlib.h>
7abf8d65	40	#include <paths.h>
a54c0b3f	41
e99c53de CT	42	#if __STDC__
	43	void fatal(const char *fmt, ...);
	44	#else
	45	void fatal();
	46	#endif
	47
fcc01f65	48	#define COMPAT /* allow non-labeled disks */
f24e4d82	49
8485bb11 KM	50	/*
	51	* The following two constants set the default block and fragment sizes.
	52	* Both constants must be a power of 2 and meet the following constraints:
	53	* MINBSIZE <= DESBLKSIZE <= MAXBSIZE
	54	* sectorsize <= DESFRAGSIZE <= DESBLKSIZE
	55	* DESBLKSIZE / DESFRAGSIZE <= 8
	56	*/
	57	#define DFL_FRAGSIZE 1024
	58	#define DFL_BLKSIZE 8192
	59
	60	/*
38f1cd11	61	* Cylinder groups may have up to many cylinders. The actual
8485bb11	62	* number used depends upon how much information can be stored
38f1cd11	63	* on a single cylinder. The default is to use 16 cylinders
8485bb11 KM	64	* per group.
	65	*/
	66	#define DESCPG 16 /* desired fs_cpg */
89241117	67
8485bb11 KM	68	/*
	69	* MINFREE gives the minimum acceptable percentage of file system
	70	* blocks which may be free. If the freelist drops below this level
	71	* only the superuser may continue to allocate blocks. This may
	72	* be set to 0 if no reserve of free blocks is deemed necessary,
	73	* however throughput drops by fifty percent if the file system
	74	* is run at between 90% and 100% full; thus the default value of
	75	* fs_minfree is 10%. With 10% free space, fragmentation is not a
	76	* problem, so we choose to optimize for time.
	77	*/
	78	#define MINFREE 10
	79	#define DEFAULTOPT FS_OPTTIME
	80
	81	/*
	82	* ROTDELAY gives the minimum number of milliseconds to initiate
	83	* another disk transfer on the same cylinder. It is used in
	84	* determining the rotationally optimal layout for disk blocks
	85	* within a file; the default of fs_rotdelay is 4ms.
	86	*/
	87	#define ROTDELAY 4
	88
	89	/*
	90	* MAXCONTIG sets the default for the maximum number of blocks
	91	* that may be allocated sequentially. Since UNIX drivers are
	92	* not capable of scheduling multi-block transfers, this defaults
	93	* to 1 (ie no contiguous blocks are allocated).
	94	*/
	95	#define MAXCONTIG 1
	96
3d632f12 KM	97	/*
	98	* MAXBLKPG determines the maximum number of data blocks which are
	99	* placed in a single cylinder group. The default is one indirect
	100	* block worth of data blocks.
	101	*/
	102	#define MAXBLKPG(bsize) ((bsize) / sizeof(daddr_t))
	103
8485bb11 KM	104	/*
8485bb11 KM	105	* Each file system has a number of inodes statically allocated.
ec7b02f7	106	* We allocate one inode slot per NFPI fragments, expecting this
8485bb11 KM	107	* to be far more than we will ever need.
8485bb11 KM	108	*/
ec7b02f7	109	#define NFPI 4
8485bb11	110
38f1cd11 KM	111	/*
	112	* For each cylinder we keep track of the availability of blocks at different
	113	* rotational positions, so that we can lay out the data to be picked
	114	* up with minimum rotational latency. NRPOS is the default number of
	115	* rotational positions that we distinguish. With NRPOS of 8 the resolution
	116	* of our summary information is 2ms for a typical 3600 rpm drive.
	117	*/
	118	#define NRPOS 8 /* number distinct rotational positions */
	119
	120
822f4068	121	int mfs; /* run as the memory based filesystem */
8485bb11	122	int Nflag; /* run without writing file system */
a54c0b3f	123	int fssize; /* file system size */
a54c0b3f SL	124	int ntracks; /* # tracks/cylinder */
a54c0b3f SL	125	int nsectors; /* # sectors/track */
a20edd44	126	int nphyssectors; /* # sectors/track including spares */
8485bb11	127	int secpercyl; /* sectors per cylinder */
a20edd44 KM	128	int trackspares = -1; /* spare sectors per track */
a20edd44 KM	129	int cylspares = -1; /* spare sectors per cylinder */
a54c0b3f	130	int sectorsize; /* bytes/sector */
c5d3fd78 MK	131	#ifdef tahoe
	132	int realsectorsize; /* bytes/sector in hardware */
	133	#endif
c6003316	134	int rpm; /* revolutions/minute of drive */
a20edd44 KM	135	int interleave; /* hardware sector interleave */
	136	int trackskew = -1; /* sector 0 skew, per track */
	137	int headswitch; /* head switch time, usec */
	138	int trackseek; /* track-to-track seek, usec */
187d180d MK	139	int fsize = 0; /* fragment size */
187d180d MK	140	int bsize = 0; /* block size */
8485bb11	141	int cpg = DESCPG; /* cylinders/cylinder group */
f40b03d9	142	int cpgflg; /* cylinders/cylinder group flag was given */
8485bb11 KM	143	int minfree = MINFREE; /* free space threshold */
8485bb11 KM	144	int opt = DEFAULTOPT; /* optimization preference (space or time) */
ec7b02f7	145	int density; /* number of bytes per inode */
8485bb11 KM	146	int maxcontig = MAXCONTIG; /* max contiguous blocks to allocate */
8485bb11 KM	147	int rotdelay = ROTDELAY; /* rotational delay between blocks */
3d632f12	148	int maxbpg; /* maximum blocks per file in a cyl group */
38f1cd11	149	int nrpos = NRPOS; /* # of distinguished rotational positions */
c5d3fd78 MK	150	int bbsize = BBSIZE; /* boot block size */
c5d3fd78 MK	151	int sbsize = SBSIZE; /* superblock size */
822f4068	152	int mntflags; /* flags to be passed to mount */
ec7b02f7 KM	153	u_long memleft; /* virtual memory available */
ec7b02f7 KM	154	caddr_t membase; /* start address of memory based filesystem */
f24e4d82	155	#ifdef COMPAT
894fc092	156	char *disktype;
fcc01f65	157	int unlabeled;
f24e4d82	158	#endif
8485bb11	159
a54c0b3f	160	char device[MAXPATHLEN];
ec7b02f7	161	char *progname;
a54c0b3f	162
a54c0b3f	163	main(argc, argv)
1b8b6e44	164	int argc;
a54c0b3f SL	165	char *argv[];
a54c0b3f SL	166	{
fcc01f65 KB	167	extern char *optarg;
	168	extern int optind;
	169	register int ch;
a54c0b3f	170	register struct partition *pp;
8485bb11 KM	171	register struct disklabel *lp;
	172	struct disklabel *getdisklabel();
	173	struct partition oldpartition;
a54c0b3f	174	struct stat st;
8485bb11	175	int fsi, fso;
fcc01f65	176	char cp, special, *opstring, buf[BUFSIZ];
a54c0b3f	177
fcc01f65 KB	178	if (progname = rindex(*argv, '/'))
	179	++progname;
	180	else
ec7b02f7	181	progname = *argv;
fcc01f65	182
6bab0c78	183	if (strstr(progname, "mfs")) {
fcc01f65	184	mfs = 1;
ec7b02f7	185	Nflag++;
ec7b02f7	186	}
a54c0b3f	187
fcc01f65 KB	188	opstring = "F:NS:T:a:b:c:d:e:f:i:k:l:m:n:o:p:r:s:t:u:x:";
	189	if (!mfs)
	190	opstring += 2; /* -F is mfs only */
	191
	192	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opstring)) != EOF)
	193	switch(ch) {
	194	case 'F':
	195	if ((mntflags = atoi(optarg)) == 0)
	196	fatal("%s: bad mount flags", optarg);
	197	break;
	198	case 'N':
	199	Nflag++;
	200	break;
	201	case 'S':
	202	if ((sectorsize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
	203	fatal("%s: bad sector size", optarg);
	204	break;
894fc092	205	#ifdef COMPAT
fcc01f65 KB	206	case 'T':
	207	disktype = optarg;
	208	break;
894fc092	209	#endif
fcc01f65 KB	210	case 'a':
	211	if ((maxcontig = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
	212	fatal("%s: bad max contiguous blocks\n",
	213	optarg);
	214	break;
	215	case 'b':
	216	if ((bsize = atoi(optarg)) < MINBSIZE)
	217	fatal("%s: bad block size", optarg);
	218	break;
	219	case 'c':
	220	if ((cpg = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
	221	fatal("%s: bad cylinders/group", optarg);
	222	cpgflg++;
	223	break;
	224	case 'd':
	225	if ((rotdelay = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
	226	fatal("%s: bad rotational delay\n", optarg);
	227	break;
	228	case 'e':
	229	if ((maxbpg = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
	230	fatal("%s: bad blocks per file in a cyl group\n",
	231	optarg);
	232	break;
	233	case 'f':
	234	if ((fsize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
	235	fatal("%s: bad frag size", optarg);
	236	break;
	237	case 'i':
	238	if ((density = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
	239	fatal("%s: bad bytes per inode\n", optarg);
	240	break;
	241	case 'k':
	242	if ((trackskew = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
	243	fatal("%s: bad track skew", optarg);
	244	break;
	245	case 'l':
	246	if ((interleave = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
	247	fatal("%s: bad interleave", optarg);
	248	break;
	249	case 'm':
	250	if ((minfree = atoi(optarg)) < 0 \|\| minfree > 99)
	251	fatal("%s: bad free space %%\n", optarg);
	252	break;
	253	case 'n':
	254	if ((nrpos = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
	255	fatal("%s: bad rotational layout count\n",
	256	optarg);
	257	break;
	258	case 'o':
	259	if (strcmp(optarg, "space") == 0)
	260	opt = FS_OPTSPACE;
	261	else if (strcmp(optarg, "time") == 0)
	262	opt = FS_OPTTIME;
	263	else
	264	fatal("%s: bad optimization preference %s",
	265	optarg, "(options are `space' or `time')");
	266	break;
	267	case 'p':
	268	if ((trackspares = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
	269	fatal("%s: bad spare sectors per track",
	270	optarg);
	271	break;
	272	case 'r':
	273	if ((rpm = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
274	fatal("%s: bad revs/minute\n", optarg);
275	break;
276	case 's':
277	if ((fssize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
278	fatal("%s: bad file system size", optarg);
279	break;
280	case 't':
281	if ((ntracks = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
282	fatal("%s: bad total tracks", optarg);
283	break;
284	case 'u':
285	if ((nsectors = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
286	fatal("%s: bad sectors/track", optarg);
287	break;
288	case 'x':
289	if ((cylspares = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
290	fatal("%s: bad spare sectors per cylinder",
291	optarg);
292	break;
293	case '?':
294	default:
295	usage();
296	}
297	argc -= optind;
298	argv += optind;
299
300	if (argc != 2 && (mfs \|\| argc != 1))
301	usage();
894fc092	302
a54c0b3f	303	special = argv[0];
1b8b6e44	304	cp = rindex(special, '/');
756884f0 MK	305	if (cp == 0) {
	306	/*
	307	* No path prefix; try /dev/r%s then /dev/%s.
	308	*/
	309	(void)sprintf(device, "%sr%s", _PATH_DEV, special);
	310	if (stat(device, &st) == -1)
	311	(void)sprintf(device, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, special);
	312	special = device;
	313	}
8485bb11 KM	314	if (!Nflag) {
8485bb11 KM	315	fso = open(special, O_WRONLY);
fcc01f65 KB	316	if (fso < 0)
fcc01f65 KB	317	fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
8485bb11 KM	318	} else
	319	fso = -1;
	320	fsi = open(special, O_RDONLY);
fcc01f65 KB	321	if (fsi < 0)
	322	fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
	323	if (fstat(fsi, &st) < 0)
	324	fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
ea6170ef MK	325	if ((st.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFCHR && !mfs)
	326	printf("%s: %s: not a character-special device\n",
	327	progname, special);
a54c0b3f	328	cp = index(argv[0], '\0') - 1;
8485bb11	329	if (cp == 0 \|\| (cp < 'a' \|\| cp > 'h') && !isdigit(*cp))
a54c0b3f	330	fatal("%s: can't figure out file system partition", argv[0]);
f24e4d82	331	#ifdef COMPAT
894fc092 KM	332	if (!mfs && disktype == NULL)
894fc092 KM	333	disktype = argv[1];
f24e4d82	334	#endif
894fc092	335	lp = getdisklabel(special, fsi);
8485bb11 KM	336	if (isdigit(*cp))
	337	pp = &lp->d_partitions[0];
	338	else
	339	pp = &lp->d_partitions[*cp - 'a'];
	340	if (pp->p_size == 0)
	341	fatal("%s: `%c' partition is unavailable", argv[0], *cp);
	342	if (fssize == 0)
a54c0b3f	343	fssize = pp->p_size;
822f4068	344	if (fssize > pp->p_size && !mfs)
8485bb11 KM	345	fatal("%s: maximum file system size on the `%c' partition is %d",
	346	argv[0], *cp, pp->p_size);
	347	if (rpm == 0) {
	348	rpm = lp->d_rpm;
	349	if (rpm <= 0)
6181c540	350	rpm = 3600;
a54c0b3f SL	351	}
a54c0b3f SL	352	if (ntracks == 0) {
8485bb11 KM	353	ntracks = lp->d_ntracks;
8485bb11 KM	354	if (ntracks <= 0)
6181c540	355	fatal("%s: no default #tracks", argv[0]);
a54c0b3f	356	}
8485bb11 KM	357	if (nsectors == 0) {
	358	nsectors = lp->d_nsectors;
	359	if (nsectors <= 0)
6181c540	360	fatal("%s: no default #sectors/track", argv[0]);
8485bb11	361	}
a54c0b3f	362	if (sectorsize == 0) {
8485bb11 KM	363	sectorsize = lp->d_secsize;
8485bb11 KM	364	if (sectorsize <= 0)
6181c540	365	fatal("%s: no default sector size", argv[0]);
a54c0b3f	366	}
a20edd44 KM	367	if (trackskew == -1) {
	368	trackskew = lp->d_trackskew;
	369	if (trackskew < 0)
6181c540	370	trackskew = 0;
a20edd44 KM	371	}
	372	if (interleave == 0) {
	373	interleave = lp->d_interleave;
	374	if (interleave <= 0)
6181c540	375	interleave = 1;
a20edd44	376	}
a54c0b3f SL	377	if (fsize == 0) {
a54c0b3f SL	378	fsize = pp->p_fsize;
8485bb11 KM	379	if (fsize <= 0)
8485bb11 KM	380	fsize = MAX(DFL_FRAGSIZE, lp->d_secsize);
a54c0b3f	381	}
8485bb11 KM	382	if (bsize == 0) {
	383	bsize = pp->p_frag * pp->p_fsize;
	384	if (bsize <= 0)
	385	bsize = MIN(DFL_BLKSIZE, 8 * fsize);
c6003316	386	}
ec7b02f7 KM	387	if (density == 0)
ec7b02f7 KM	388	density = NFPI * fsize;
75e589fc	389	if (minfree < 10 && opt != FS_OPTSPACE) {
8485bb11 KM	390	fprintf(stderr, "Warning: changing optimization to space ");
8485bb11 KM	391	fprintf(stderr, "because minfree is less than 10%%\n");
75e589fc KM	392	opt = FS_OPTSPACE;
75e589fc KM	393	}
a20edd44 KM	394	if (trackspares == -1) {
	395	trackspares = lp->d_sparespertrack;
	396	if (trackspares < 0)
6181c540	397	trackspares = 0;
a20edd44 KM	398	}
	399	nphyssectors = nsectors + trackspares;
	400	if (cylspares == -1) {
	401	cylspares = lp->d_sparespercyl;
	402	if (cylspares < 0)
6181c540	403	cylspares = 0;
a20edd44 KM	404	}
a20edd44 KM	405	secpercyl = nsectors * ntracks - cylspares;
8485bb11	406	if (secpercyl != lp->d_secpercyl)
fcc01f65	407	fprintf(stderr, "%s (%d) %s (%lu)\n",
8485bb11 KM	408	"Warning: calculated sectors per cylinder", secpercyl,
8485bb11 KM	409	"disagrees with disk label", lp->d_secpercyl);
c9b3f9df KM	410	if (maxbpg == 0)
c9b3f9df KM	411	maxbpg = MAXBLKPG(bsize);
a20edd44 KM	412	headswitch = lp->d_headswitch;
a20edd44 KM	413	trackseek = lp->d_trkseek;
e1b3345a KB	414	/* Reno fix: label may be 0 if faked up by kernel */
e1b3345a KB	415	#ifdef notdef
756884f0	416	#ifdef notdef /* label may be 0 if faked up by kernel */
c5d3fd78 MK	417	bbsize = lp->d_bbsize;
c5d3fd78 MK	418	sbsize = lp->d_sbsize;
e1b3345a	419	#endif
756884f0	420	#endif
8485bb11	421	oldpartition = *pp;
c5d3fd78 MK	422	#ifdef tahoe
c5d3fd78 MK	423	realsectorsize = sectorsize;
187d180d	424	if (sectorsize != DEV_BSIZE) { /* XXX */
c5d3fd78 MK	425	int secperblk = DEV_BSIZE / sectorsize;
	426
	427	sectorsize = DEV_BSIZE;
	428	nsectors /= secperblk;
	429	nphyssectors /= secperblk;
	430	secpercyl /= secperblk;
	431	fssize /= secperblk;
	432	pp->p_size /= secperblk;
	433	}
	434	#endif
8485bb11	435	mkfs(pp, special, fsi, fso);
c5d3fd78 MK	436	#ifdef tahoe
	437	if (realsectorsize != DEV_BSIZE)
	438	pp->p_size *= DEV_BSIZE / realsectorsize;
	439	#endif
8485bb11 KM	440	if (!Nflag && bcmp(pp, &oldpartition, sizeof(oldpartition)))
8485bb11 KM	441	rewritelabel(special, fso, lp);
ec7b02f7 KM	442	if (!Nflag)
	443	close(fso);
	444	close(fsi);
5358b44e	445	#ifdef MFS
822f4068	446	if (mfs) {
5358b44e KB	447	struct mfs_args args;
5358b44e KB	448
822f4068	449	sprintf(buf, "mfs:%d", getpid());
ec7b02f7 KM	450	args.name = buf;
	451	args.base = membase;
	452	args.size = fssize * sectorsize;
fcc01f65 KB	453	if (mount(MOUNT_MFS, argv[1], mntflags, &args) < 0)
fcc01f65 KB	454	fatal("%s: %s", argv[1], strerror(errno));
ec7b02f7	455	}
5358b44e	456	#endif
a54c0b3f SL	457	exit(0);
	458	}
	459
f24e4d82	460	#ifdef COMPAT
894fc092	461	char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label; disk type must be specified";
f24e4d82	462	#else
894fc092 KM	463	char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label";
	464	#endif
	465
8485bb11 KM	466	struct disklabel *
	467	getdisklabel(s, fd)
	468	char *s;
f24e4d82	469	int fd;
a54c0b3f	470	{
8485bb11 KM	471	static struct disklabel lab;
	472
	473	if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, (char *)&lab) < 0) {
894fc092 KM	474	#ifdef COMPAT
894fc092 KM	475	if (disktype) {
756884f0	476	struct disklabel lp, getdiskbyname();
894fc092	477
fcc01f65	478	unlabeled++;
756884f0 MK	479	lp = getdiskbyname(disktype);
	480	if (lp == NULL)
	481	fatal("%s: unknown disk type", disktype);
	482	return (lp);
894fc092 KM	483	}
894fc092 KM	484	#endif
fcc01f65 KB	485	(void)fprintf(stderr,
fcc01f65 KB	486	"%s: ioctl (GDINFO): %s\n", progname, strerror(errno));
894fc092	487	fatal(lmsg, s);
8485bb11 KM	488	}
	489	return (&lab);
	490	}
	491
	492	rewritelabel(s, fd, lp)
	493	char *s;
a54c0b3f	494	int fd;
8485bb11 KM	495	register struct disklabel *lp;
8485bb11 KM	496	{
f24e4d82	497	#ifdef COMPAT
fcc01f65	498	if (unlabeled)
f24e4d82 MK	499	return;
f24e4d82 MK	500	#endif
8485bb11 KM	501	lp->d_checksum = 0;
	502	lp->d_checksum = dkcksum(lp);
	503	if (ioctl(fd, DIOCWDINFO, (char *)lp) < 0) {
fcc01f65 KB	504	(void)fprintf(stderr,
fcc01f65 KB	505	"%s: ioctl (WDINFO): %s\n", progname, strerror(errno));
8485bb11	506	fatal("%s: can't rewrite disk label", s);
a54c0b3f	507	}
bf8f0524 MK	508	#if vax
	509	if (lp->d_type == DTYPE_SMD && lp->d_flags & D_BADSECT) {
	510	register i;
c5d3fd78	511	int cfd;
bf8f0524	512	daddr_t alt;
c5d3fd78 MK	513	char specname[64];
c5d3fd78 MK	514	char blk[1024];
866736b4	515	char *cp;
c5d3fd78 MK	516
	517	/*
	518	* Make name for 'c' partition.
	519	*/
	520	strcpy(specname, s);
	521	cp = specname + strlen(specname) - 1;
	522	if (!isdigit(*cp))
	523	*cp = 'c';
	524	cfd = open(specname, O_WRONLY);
fcc01f65 KB	525	if (cfd < 0)
fcc01f65 KB	526	fatal("%s: %s", specname, strerror(errno));
c5d3fd78 MK	527	bzero(blk, sizeof(blk));
c5d3fd78 MK	528	(struct disklabel )(blk + LABELOFFSET) = *lp;
bf8f0524 MK	529	alt = lp->d_ncylinders * lp->d_secpercyl - lp->d_nsectors;
bf8f0524 MK	530	for (i = 1; i < 11 && i < lp->d_nsectors; i += 2) {
756884f0 MK	531	if (lseek(cfd, (off_t)(alt + i) * lp->d_secsize,
756884f0 MK	532	L_SET) == -1)
fcc01f65 KB	533	fatal("lseek to badsector area: %s",
	534	strerror(errno));
	535	if (write(cfd, blk, lp->d_secsize) < lp->d_secsize)
	536	fprintf(stderr,
	537	"%s: alternate label %d write: %s\n",
	538	progname, i/2, strerror(errno));
8485bb11	539	}
ec7b02f7	540	close(cfd);
8485bb11	541	}
bf8f0524	542	#endif
a54c0b3f SL	543	}
	544
	545	/VARARGS/
e99c53de CT	546	void
	547	#if __STDC__
	548	fatal(const char *fmt, ...)
	549	#else
	550	fatal(fmt, va_alist)
a54c0b3f	551	char *fmt;
e99c53de CT	552	va_dcl
e99c53de CT	553	#endif
a54c0b3f	554	{
fcc01f65	555	va_list ap;
a54c0b3f	556
e99c53de	557	#if __STDC__
fcc01f65	558	va_start(ap, fmt);
e99c53de CT	559	#else
	560	va_start(ap);
	561	#endif
	562	fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", progname);
fcc01f65 KB	563	(void)vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
fcc01f65 KB	564	va_end(ap);
a54c0b3f	565	putc('\n', stderr);
fcc01f65 KB	566	exit(1);
	567	}
	568
	569	usage()
	570	{
	571	if (mfs) {
	572	fprintf(stderr,
	573	"usage: mfs [ -fsoptions ] special-device mount-point\n");
	574	} else
	575	fprintf(stderr,
	576	"usage: newfs [ -fsoptions ] special-device%s\n",
	577	#ifdef COMPAT
	578	" [device-type]");
	579	#else
	580	"");
	581	#endif
	582	fprintf(stderr, "where fsoptions are:\n");
	583	fprintf(stderr,
	584	"\t-N do not create file system, just print out parameters\n");
	585	fprintf(stderr, "\t-S sector size\n");
	586	#ifdef COMPAT
	587	fprintf(stderr, "\t-T disktype\n");
	588	#endif
	589	fprintf(stderr, "\t-a maximum contiguous blocks\n");
	590	fprintf(stderr, "\t-b block size\n");
	591	fprintf(stderr, "\t-c cylinders/group\n");
	592	fprintf(stderr, "\t-d rotational delay between contiguous blocks\n");
	593	fprintf(stderr, "\t-e maximum blocks per file in a cylinder group\n");
	594	fprintf(stderr, "\t-f frag size\n");
	595	fprintf(stderr, "\t-i number of bytes per inode\n");
	596	fprintf(stderr, "\t-k sector 0 skew, per track\n");
	597	fprintf(stderr, "\t-l hardware sector interleave\n");
	598	fprintf(stderr, "\t-m minimum free space %%\n");
	599	fprintf(stderr, "\t-n number of distinguished rotational positions\n");
	600	fprintf(stderr, "\t-o optimization preference (`space' or `time')\n");
	601	fprintf(stderr, "\t-p spare sectors per track\n");
	602	fprintf(stderr, "\t-s file system size (sectors)\n");
	603	fprintf(stderr, "\t-r revolutions/minute\n");
	604	fprintf(stderr, "\t-t tracks/cylinder\n");
	605	fprintf(stderr, "\t-u sectors/track\n");
	606	fprintf(stderr, "\t-x spare sectors per cylinder\n");
	607	exit(1);
a54c0b3f	608	}