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fc6dac68 TL |
1 | .br |
2 | .rs | |
3 | .sp |1.50i | |
4 | .ce1000 | |
5 | .ps12 | |
6 | .ftB | |
7 | \*(Nr\(sl\*(Tr User's Manual | |
8 | .sp .2i | |
9 | .ftI | |
10 | .ps10 | |
11 | Joseph F. Ossanna | |
12 | .ftR | |
13 | .sp | |
14 | Bell Laboratories | |
15 | Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974 | |
16 | .ce0 | |
17 | .sp2 | |
18 | .ps \n(PS | |
19 | .fi | |
20 | .ftB | |
21 | Introduction | |
22 | .pg | |
23 | \*(NR and \*(TR are text processors under | |
24 | the \s-1PDP\s+1-11 \s-1UNIX\s+1 Time-Sharing System\*u1\*d | |
25 | that format text for typewriter-like terminals and | |
26 | for a \%Graphic Systems phototypesetter, respectively. | |
27 | They accept lines of text interspersed with lines of | |
28 | format control information and | |
29 | format the text into a printable, paginated document | |
30 | having a user-designed style. | |
31 | \*(NR and \*(TR offer | |
32 | unusual freedom in document styling, | |
33 | including: | |
34 | arbitrary style headers and footers; | |
35 | arbitrary style footnotes; | |
36 | multiple automatic sequence numbering for paragraphs, sections, etc; | |
37 | multiple column output; | |
38 | dynamic font and point-size control; | |
39 | arbitrary horizontal and vertical local motions at any point; | |
40 | and | |
41 | a family of automatic overstriking, bracket construction, and | |
42 | line drawing functions. | |
43 | .pg | |
44 | \*(NR and \*(TR are highly compatible with each other and it is almost always | |
45 | possible to prepare input acceptable to both. | |
46 | Conditional input is provided that enables | |
47 | the user to embed input expressly destined for either program. | |
48 | \*(NR can prepare output directly for a variety of terminal types and | |
49 | is capable of utilizing the full resolution of each terminal. | |
50 | .pg | |
51 | .ftB | |
52 | Usage | |
53 | .pg | |
54 | The general form of invoking \*(NR (or \*(TR) at \s-1UNIX\s+1 command level is | |
55 | .x1 | |
56 | \fBnroff \fIoptions files\fR\ | |
57 | \h'|2i'(or \fBtroff \fIoptions files\fR) | |
58 | .x2 | |
59 | where \fIoptions\fR represents any of a number of option arguments | |
60 | and \fIfiles\fR represents the list of files containing the document | |
61 | to be formatted. | |
62 | An argument consisting of a single minus (\fB\-\fR) is taken to be | |
63 | a file name corresponding to the standard input. | |
64 | If no file names are given input is taken from the standard input. | |
65 | The options, which may appear in any order so long as they appear | |
66 | before the files, are: | |
67 | .sp | |
68 | .ta .2i 1.0i | |
69 | .ftI | |
70 | .bd I 3 | |
71 | Option Effect | |
72 | .br | |
73 | .bd I | |
74 | .ftR | |
75 | .ta .3i 1.0i | |
76 | .in 1.0i | |
77 | .ll-.3i | |
78 | .bt | |
79 | \fB\-o\fIlist\fR \ | |
80 | Print only pages whose page numbers appear in \fIlist\fR, | |
81 | which consists of comma-separated numbers and number ranges. | |
82 | A number range has the form \fIN\-M\fR | |
83 | and means pages \fIN\fR through \fIM;\fR | |
84 | a initial \fI\-N\fR means | |
85 | from the beginning to page \fIN;\fR and a final \fIN\-\fR means | |
86 | from \fIN\fR to the end. | |
87 | .bt | |
88 | \fB\-n\fIN\fR Number first generated page \fIN\fR. | |
89 | .bt | |
90 | \fB\-s\fIN\fR Stop every \fIN\fR pages. | |
91 | \*(NR will halt prior to every \fIN\fR pages (default \fIN\fR=1) | |
92 | to allow paper loading or | |
93 | changing, and will resume upon receipt of a newline. | |
94 | \*(TR will stop the phototypesetter every \fIN\fR pages, | |
95 | produce a trailer to allow changing cassettes, | |
96 | and will resume after the phototypesetter \s-1START\s+1 button is pressed. | |
97 | .bt | |
98 | \fB\-m\fIname\fR Prepends the macro file | |
99 | \fB\(slusr\(sllib\(sltmac.\fIname\fR | |
100 | to the input \fIfiles\fR. | |
101 | .bt | |
102 | \fB\-r\fIaN\fR Register \fIa\fR (one-character) is set to \fIN\fR. | |
103 | .bt | |
104 | \fB\-i\fP Read standard input after the input files are exhausted. | |
105 | .bt | |
106 | \fB\-q\fR \ | |
107 | Invoke the simultaneous input-output mode of the \fBrd\fR request. | |
108 | .sp | |
109 | .ne 3 | |
110 | .ftI | |
111 | .bd I 3 | |
112 | \*(NR Only | |
113 | .br | |
114 | .bd I | |
115 | .ft | |
116 | .bt | |
117 | \fB\-T\fIname\fR Specifies | |
118 | the name of the output terminal type. | |
119 | Currently defined names are \fB37\fR for the (default) Model 37 Teletype\(rg, | |
120 | \fBtn300\fR for the GE TermiNet\ 300 (or any terminal without half-line | |
121 | capabilities), | |
122 | \fB300S\fR for the \s-1DASI\s+1-300S, | |
123 | \fB300\fR for the \s-1DASI\s+1-300, | |
124 | and | |
125 | \fB450\fR for the \s-1DASI\s+1-450 (Diablo Hyterm). | |
126 | .bt | |
127 | \fB\-e\fR \ | |
128 | Produce equally-spaced words in adjusted | |
129 | lines, using full terminal resolution. | |
130 | .sp | |
131 | .ne 3 | |
132 | .ftI | |
133 | .bd I 3 | |
134 | \*(TR Only | |
135 | .br | |
136 | .bd I | |
137 | .ft | |
138 | .bt | |
139 | \fB\-t\fP Direct output to the standard output instead | |
140 | of the phototypesetter. | |
141 | .bt | |
142 | \fB\-f\fP Refrain from feeding out paper and stopping | |
143 | phototypesetter at the end of the run. | |
144 | .bt | |
145 | \fB\-w\fP Wait until phototypesetter is available, if | |
146 | currently busy. | |
147 | .bt | |
148 | \fB\-b\fR \*(TR will report whether the phototypesetter | |
149 | is busy or available. | |
150 | No text processing is done. | |
151 | .bt | |
152 | \fB\-a\fP Send a printable \s-1(ASCII)\s+1 approximation | |
153 | of the results to the standard output. | |
154 | .bt | |
155 | \fB\-p\fIN\fR Print all characters in point size \fIN\fR | |
156 | while retaining all prescribed spacings and motions, | |
157 | to reduce phototypesetter elasped time. | |
158 | .bt | |
159 | \fB\-g\fR Prepare output for the Murray Hill | |
160 | Computation Center phototypesetter and direct it to the standard output. | |
161 | .ll | |
162 | .in0 | |
163 | .xx | |
164 | .pg | |
165 | Each option is invoked as a separate argument; | |
166 | for example, | |
167 | .x1 | |
168 | \fBnroff \-o\fI4,8\-10 \fB\-T\fI300S \fB\-m\fIabc file1 file2\fR | |
169 | .x2 | |
170 | requests formatting of pages 4, 8, 9, and 10 of a document contained in the files | |
171 | named \fIfile1\fR and \fIfile2\fR, | |
172 | specifies the output terminal as a \s-1DASI\s+1-300S, | |
173 | and invokes the macro package \fIabc\fR. | |
174 | .pg | |
175 | Various pre- and post-processors are available for use with \*(NR and \*(TR. | |
176 | These include the equation preprocessors \s-1NEQN\s+1 and \s-1EQN\s+1\*u2\*d | |
177 | (for \*(NR and \*(TR respectively), | |
178 | and the table-construction preprocessor \s-1TBL\s+1\*u3\*d. | |
179 | A reverse-line postprocessor \s-1COL\s+1\*u4\*d | |
180 | is available for multiple-column \*(NR output on terminals without reverse-line ability; | |
181 | \s-1COL\s+1 expects the Model 37 Teletype | |
182 | escape sequences that \*(NR produces by default. | |
183 | \s-1TK\s+1\*u4\*d | |
184 | is a 37 Teletype simulator postprocessor for printing \*(NR output on a Tektronix 4014. | |
185 | \s-1TCAT\s+1\*u4\*d | |
186 | is phototypesetter-simulator postprocessor | |
187 | for \*(TR that produces an approximation of phototypesetter output | |
188 | on a Tektronix 4014. | |
189 | For example, in | |
190 | .x1 | |
191 | \fBtbl \fIfiles \fB| eqn | troff \-t \fIoptions \fB| tcat\fR | |
192 | .x2 | |
193 | the first \|\fB|\fR\| indicates the piping of \s-1TBL\s+1's output to \s-1EQN\s+1's input; | |
194 | the second the piping of \s-1EQN\s+1's output to \*(TR's input; | |
195 | and the third indicates the piping of \*(TR's output to \s-1TCAT\s+1. | |
196 | \s-1GCAT\s+1\*u4\*d can be used to send \*(TR (\fB\-g\fR) output to | |
197 | the Murray Hill Computation Center. | |
198 | .br | |
199 | .pg | |
200 | The remainder of this manual consists of: | |
201 | a Summary and Index; | |
202 | a Reference Manual keyed to the index; | |
203 | and | |
204 | a set of Tutorial Examples. | |
205 | Another tutorial is [5]. | |
206 | .sp.4i | |
207 | .ta 4i | |
208 | Joseph F. Ossanna | |
209 | .sp.4 | |
210 | .ps -1 | |
211 | .vs -1p | |
212 | .pg | |
213 | .ftB | |
214 | References | |
215 | .pg | |
216 | .ta .3i | |
217 | .in .3i | |
218 | .ti0 | |
219 | [1] K. Thompson, D. M. Ritchie, | |
220 | .ul | |
221 | UNIX Programmer's Manual, | |
222 | Sixth Edition (May 1975). | |
223 | .sp.4 | |
224 | .ti0 | |
225 | [2] B. W. Kernighan, L. L. Cherry, | |
226 | .ul | |
227 | Typesetting Mathematics \(em User's Guide (Second Edition), | |
228 | Bell Laboratories internal memorandum. | |
229 | .sp.4 | |
230 | .ti0 | |
231 | [3] M. E. Lesk, | |
232 | .ul | |
233 | Tbl \(em A Program to Format Tables, | |
234 | Bell Laboratories internal memorandum. | |
235 | .sp.4 | |
236 | .ti0 | |
237 | [4] Internal on-line documentation, on \s-1UNIX\s+1. | |
238 | .sp.4 | |
239 | .ti0 | |
240 | [5] B. W. Kernighan, \fIA TROFF Tutorial\fR, | |
241 | Bell Laboratories internal memorandum. | |
242 | .in0 | |
243 | .ps | |
244 | .vs |