%%Creator: groff version 1.08
%%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman
%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.08 0
%%BeginResource: procset grops 1.08 0
/grops 120 dict dup begin
/B{0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def
/D{0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def
/E{0 rmoveto show}bind def
/F{0 rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def
/G{0 rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def
/H{0 rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def
/I{0 exch rmoveto show}bind def
/J{0 exch rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def
/K{0 exch rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def
/L{0 exch rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def
/N{rmoveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def
/O{rmoveto 0 exch ashow}bind def
/P{rmoveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def
/R{moveto 0 SC 3 -1 roll widthshow}bind def
/S{moveto 0 exch ashow}bind def
/T{moveto 0 exch 0 SC 5 2 roll awidthshow}bind def
[exch dup 0 exch 0 exch neg 0 0]makefont
[exch/setfont cvx]cvx bind def
[exch/setfont cvx]cvx bind def
gsave newpath clippath pathbbox grestore
.25 sub exch .25 sub exch
round .25 add exch round .25 add exch
newpath 0 360 arc closepath
translate scale newpath 0 0 .5 0 360 arc closepath
currentgray exch setgray fill setgray
/LW/setlinewidth load def
dup maxlength 1 index/FontName known not{1 add}if dict begin
1 index/FID ne{def}{pop pop}ifelse
currentdict end definefont pop
div 3 1 roll div exch scale
neg exch neg exch translate
countdictstack CNT sub{end}repeat
%%IncludeResource: font Times-Roman
%%IncludeResource: font Times-Italic
%%IncludeResource: font Times-Bold
grops begin/DEFS 1 dict def DEFS begin/u{.001 mul}bind def end/RES 72 def/PL
792 def/LS false def/ENC0[/asciicircum/asciitilde/Scaron/Zcaron/scaron/zcaron
/Ydieresis/trademark/quotesingle/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef
/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef
/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/space
/exclam/quotedbl/numbersign/dollar/percent/ampersand/quoteright/parenleft
/parenright/asterisk/plus/comma/hyphen/period/slash/zero/one/two/three/four
/five/six/seven/eight/nine/colon/semicolon/less/equal/greater/question/at/A/B/C
/D/E/F/G/H/I/J/K/L/M/N/O/P/Q/R/S/T/U/V/W/X/Y/Z/bracketleft/backslash
/bracketright/circumflex/underscore/quoteleft/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q
/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y/z/braceleft/bar/braceright/tilde/.notdef/quotesinglbase
/guillemotleft/guillemotright/bullet/florin/fraction/perthousand/dagger
/daggerdbl/endash/emdash/ff/fi/fl/ffi/ffl/dotlessi/dotlessj/grave/hungarumlaut
/dotaccent/breve/caron/ring/ogonek/quotedblleft/quotedblright/oe/lslash
/quotedblbase/OE/Lslash/.notdef/exclamdown/cent/sterling/currency/yen/brokenbar
/section/dieresis/copyright/ordfeminine/guilsinglleft/logicalnot/minus
/registered/macron/degree/plusminus/twosuperior/threesuperior/acute/mu
/paragraph/periodcentered/cedilla/onesuperior/ordmasculine/guilsinglright
/onequarter/onehalf/threequarters/questiondown/Agrave/Aacute/Acircumflex/Atilde
/Adieresis/Aring/AE/Ccedilla/Egrave/Eacute/Ecircumflex/Edieresis/Igrave/Iacute
/Icircumflex/Idieresis/Eth/Ntilde/Ograve/Oacute/Ocircumflex/Otilde/Odieresis
/multiply/Oslash/Ugrave/Uacute/Ucircumflex/Udieresis/Yacute/Thorn/germandbls
/agrave/aacute/acircumflex/atilde/adieresis/aring/ae/ccedilla/egrave/eacute
/ecircumflex/edieresis/igrave/iacute/icircumflex/idieresis/eth/ntilde/ograve
/oacute/ocircumflex/otilde/odieresis/divide/oslash/ugrave/uacute/ucircumflex
/udieresis/yacute/thorn/ydieresis]def/Times-Bold@0 ENC0/Times-Bold RE
/Times-Italic@0 ENC0/Times-Italic RE/Times-Roman@0 ENC0/Times-Roman RE
/F0 14/Times-Roman@0 SF(Changes in Sendmail V)196.615 141 Q(ersion 8*)-1.554 E
/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Eric Allman)263.42 165 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(Univer)220.2 183 Q(sity of California, Berk)-.1 E(ele)-.1 E(y)-.3 E
(Mammoth Pr)251.98 195 Q(oject)-.45 E F1(ABSTRA)262.085 227.4 Q(CT)-.4 E -1.11
(Ve)112 243.6 S 1.709(rsion 8 of)1.11 F F2(sendmail)4.209 E F1 1.709
(includes a number of major changes from pre)4.209 F 1.71(vious v)-.25 F
(ersions.)-.15 E .701(This paper gi)112 255.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.201(sav).15 G
.701(ery short history of)194.794 255.6 R F2(sendmail)3.201 E F1 3.201(,as)C .7
(ummary of the major dif)329.82 255.6 R(ferences)-.25 E .953(between v)112
267.6 R .954(ersion 5 \(the last publically a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G .954
(ilable v).25 F .954(ersion\) and v)-.15 F .954(ersion 8, and some dis-)-.15 F
(cussion of future directions.)112 279.6 Q .48
(In 1987, the author stopped major w)97 324 R .48(ork on)-.1 F F2(sendmail)2.98
E F1 .48(due to other time committments, only to return)2.98 F(to acti)72 336 Q
.3 -.15(ve w)-.25 H(ork in 1991.).05 E(This paper e)5 E(xplores wh)-.15 E 2.5
(yw)-.05 G(ork resumed and what changes ha)277 336 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
(een made.).15 E .58(Section 1 gi)97 352.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.08(sas).15 G .58
(hort history of)173.36 352.2 R F2(sendmail)3.08 E F1 .58(through v)3.08 F .58
(ersion 5 and the moti)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .58(tion behind w).25 F .58
(orking on)-.1 F -.15(ve)72 364.2 S .126(rsion 8.).15 F .126
(Section 2 has a rather detailed description of what has changed between v)
5.126 F .125(ersion 5 and v)-.15 F .125(ersion 8.)-.15 F
(The paper \214nishes of)72 376.2 Q 2.5(fw)-.25 G
(ith some thoughts about what still needs to be done.)168.95 376.2 Q/F3 10
/Times-Bold@0 SF 2.5(1. HIST)72 400.2 R(OR)-.18 E(Y)-.35 E F1 .151
(As discussed else)112 416.4 R .151
(where, [Allman83a, Allman83b, Allman&Amos85] sendmail has e)-.25 F .151
(xisted in v)-.15 F(ar)-.25 E(-)-.2 E .405(ious forms since 1980.)87 428.4 R
.405(It w)5.405 F .405(as released under the name)-.1 F F2(delivermail)2.905 E
F1 .404(in 4BSD and 4.1BSD, and as)2.905 F F2(send-)2.904 E(mail)87 440.4 Q F1
(in 4.2BSD.)2.5 E(It quickly became the dominant mail system for netw)5 E(ork)
-.1 E(ed UNIX systems.)-.1 E 1.569(Prior the release of 4.3BSD in No)112 456.6
R -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.569(mber 1986, the author had left the Uni).15 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 1.57(rsity for pri).15 F -.25(va)-.25 G(te).25 E(industry)87 468.6 Q
3.347(,b)-.65 G .847(ut continued to do some w)129.777 468.6 R .847(ork on)-.1
F F2(sendmail)3.347 E F1 .847(with acti)3.347 F .846(vity slo)-.25 F .846
(wly trailing of)-.25 F 3.346(fu)-.25 G .846(ntil ef)445.204 468.6 R(fecti)-.25
E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E .255(stopping after February 1987.)87 480.6 R .255
(There w)5.255 F .255(as minimal support done by man)-.1 F 2.756(yp)-.15 G .256
(eople for se)389.796 480.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .256(ral years, until).15 F
(July of 1991 when the original author)87 492.6 Q 2.5(,w)-.4 G
(ho had returned the Uni)249.36 492.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 E 2.5(,s)-.65
G(tarted acti)379.4 492.6 Q .3 -.15(ve w)-.25 H(ork on it ag).05 E(ain.)-.05 E
1.271(There were se)112 508.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.271(ral reasons for rene).15 F
1.271(wed w)-.25 F 1.271(ork on)-.1 F F2(sendmail)3.771 E F1 6.271(.T)C 1.271
(here w)369.549 508.8 R 1.27(as a desire at Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E 3.77(yt)-.15 G
(o)499 508.8 Q(con)87 520.8 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G .097
(rt to a subdomained structure so that indi).15 F .098
(viduals were identi\214ed by their subdomain rather than by)-.25 F 1.758
(their indi)87 532.8 R 1.758(vidual w)-.25 F 1.758(orkstation; although possib\
le in the old code, there were some problems, and the)-.1 F .66(author w)87
544.8 R .66(as the ob)-.1 F .66(vious person to address them.)-.15 F .66
(The Computer Systems Research Group \(CSRG\), the)5.66 F 1.89
(group that produced the Berk)87 556.8 R(ele)-.1 E 4.39(yS)-.15 G(oftw)238.12
556.8 Q 1.89(are Distrib)-.1 F 1.89(utions, w)-.2 F 1.89(as w)-.1 F 1.89
(orking on 4.4BSD, and w)-.1 F 1.89(anted an)-.1 F .053
(update to the mail system.)87 568.8 R .053(Bryan Costales w)5.053 F .053(as w)
-.1 F .053(orking on a book on)-.1 F F2(sendmail)2.553 E F1 .053(that w)2.553 F
.053(as being re)-.1 F(vie)-.25 E(wed)-.25 E .923(by the author)87 580.8 R
3.423(,w)-.4 G .923(hich encouraged him to mak)154.359 580.8 R 3.422(es)-.1 G
.922(ome re)283.572 580.8 R 3.422(visions. And)-.25 F .922(the author w)3.422 F
.922(anted to try to unify)-.1 F(some of the disparate v)87 592.8 Q(ersions of)
-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(that had been permitted to proliferate.)2.5 E .023
(During the 1987\25591 f)112 609 R(allo)-.1 E 2.523(wp)-.25 G .023(eriod, man)
228.482 609 R 2.523(yv)-.15 G .023(endors and outside v)283.498 609 R .023
(olunteers had produced v)-.2 F .024(ariants of)-.25 F F2(sendmail)87 621 Q F1
5.518(.P)C .517(erhaps the best kno)136.688 621 R .517(wn is the ID)-.25 F
3.017(Av)-.4 G .517(ersion [ID)280.317 621 R 3.017(A87]. Originally)-.4 F .517
(intended to be a ne)3.017 F 3.017(ws)-.25 G .517(et of)485.433 621 R .268
(con\214guration \214les, ID)87 633 R 2.768(Ae)-.4 G .269(xpanded into a f)
189.464 633 R .269(airly lar)-.1 F .269(ge set of patches for the code.)-.18 F
.269(Originally produced in)5.269 F .471(Sweden, ID)87 645 R 2.971(Ad)-.4 G
-2.15 -.25(ev e)149.472 645 T .471(lopment passed to the Uni).25 F -.15(ve)-.25
G .471(rsity of Illinois, and w).15 F .47(as widely used by the f)-.1 F .47
(airly lar)-.1 F(ge)-.18 E .077
(set of people who prefer to get and compile their o)87 657 R .077
(wn source code rather than use v)-.25 F(endor)-.15 E .078(-supplied bina-)-.2
F(ries.)87 669 Q .32 LW 76 678.6 72 678.6 DL 80 678.6 76 678.6 DL 84 678.6 80
678.6 DL 88 678.6 84 678.6 DL 92 678.6 88 678.6 DL 96 678.6 92 678.6 DL 100
678.6 96 678.6 DL 104 678.6 100 678.6 DL 108 678.6 104 678.6 DL 112 678.6 108
678.6 DL 116 678.6 112 678.6 DL 120 678.6 116 678.6 DL 124 678.6 120 678.6 DL
128 678.6 124 678.6 DL 132 678.6 128 678.6 DL 136 678.6 132 678.6 DL 140 678.6
136 678.6 DL 144 678.6 140 678.6 DL 148 678.6 144 678.6 DL 152 678.6 148 678.6
DL 156 678.6 152 678.6 DL 160 678.6 156 678.6 DL 164 678.6 160 678.6 DL 168
678.6 164 678.6 DL 172 678.6 168 678.6 DL 176 678.6 172 678.6 DL 180 678.6 176
678.6 DL 184 678.6 180 678.6 DL 188 678.6 184 678.6 DL 192 678.6 188 678.6 DL
196 678.6 192 678.6 DL 200 678.6 196 678.6 DL 204 678.6 200 678.6 DL 208 678.6
204 678.6 DL 212 678.6 208 678.6 DL 216 678.6 212 678.6 DL/F4 8/Times-Roman@0
SF .045(*An earlier v)93.6 690.6 R .045(ersion of this paper w)-.12 F .044
(as printed in the Proceedings of the 1994 A)-.08 F .044
(UUG Queensland Summer T)-.44 F .044(echnical Conference,)-.56 F(Gate)72 700.2
Q -.08(wa)-.2 G 2(yH).08 G(otel, Brisbane, March 1994.)107.928 700.2 Q F3
(Changes in Sendmail V)72 756 Q(ersion 8)-1 E(1)499 756 Q EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 294.65(2C)72 60 S(hanges in Sendmail V)378.87 60 Q
(ersion 8)-1 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .151
(In about the same time frame, attempts were made to clean up and e)112 96 R
.151(xtend the Simple Mail T)-.15 F(rans-)-.35 E .468
(port Protocol \(SMTP\) [RFC821].)87 108 R .468(This in)5.468 F -.2(vo)-.4 G
(lv).2 E .469(ed clari\214cations of some ambiguities in the protocol, and)-.15
F .085(correction of some problem areas [RFC1123], as well as e)87 120 R .084
(xtensions for additional functionality \(dubbed)-.15 F 1.052
(Extended Simple Mail T)87 132 R 1.053
(ransport Protocol, or ESMTP\) [RFC1425, RFC1426, RFC1427] and a richer)-.35 F
1.376(set of semantics in the body of messages \(the Multipurpose Internet Mai\
l Extensions, a.k.a. MIME\))87 144 R .497([RFC1521, RFC1344].)87 156 R .497
(Neither the ID)5.497 F 2.998(Ag)-.4 G .498(roup nor most v)258.526 156 R .498
(endors were modifying)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.998 E F1 .498
(to conform)2.998 F 1.7(to these ne)87 168 R 4.2(ws)-.25 G 4.2(tandards. It)
148.23 168 R 1.699(seemed clear that these were `)4.2 F 1.699(`good things')
-.74 F 4.199('t)-.74 G 1.699(hat should be encouraged.)394.483 168 R(Ho)87 180
Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.635 -.4(r, s).15 H .835(ince no one w).4 F .835
(as w)-.1 F .835(orking on a publically a)-.1 F -.25(va)-.2 G .835(ilable v).25
F .836(ersion of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.336 E F1 .836(with these updates,)3.336 F
(the)87 192 Q 2.5(yw)-.15 G(ere unlik)113.79 192 Q(ely to be widely deplo)-.1 E
(yed an)-.1 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G(ime in the near future.)274.25 192 Q .466
(There are, of course, other mail transport agents a)112 208.2 R -.25(va)-.2 G
.465(ilable, such as).25 F F2 .465(MMDF zmailer smail)2.965 F F1(and)2.965 E F2
(PP)2.965 E F1(Ho)87 220.2 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .842 -.4(r, n).15 H .042
(one of these seemed to be g).4 F .043(aining the prominence of)-.05 F F2
(sendmail)2.543 E F1 2.543(;i)C 2.543(ta)390.518 220.2 S .043
(ppeared that most compa-)400.281 220.2 R .238(nies w)87 232.2 R .238
(ould not con)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .238(rt to another mail transport agent an)
.15 F 2.737(yt)-.15 G .237(ime in the forseeable future.)327.438 232.2 R(Ho)
5.237 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.037 -.4(r, t).15 H(he).4 E(y)-.15 E
(might be persuaded to con)87 244.2 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(rt to a ne).15 E(wer v)-.25
E(ersion of)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A .841(All of these con)112 260.4 R
.841(vinced the author to w)-.4 F .841(ork on a updated v)-.1 F .841(ersion of)
-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.342 E F1 .842(for public distrib)3.342 F(u-)-.2 E(tion.)87
272.4 Q 1.024(The ne)112 288.6 R 3.524(wv)-.25 G 1.023(ersion of)155.858 288.6
R F2(sendmail)3.523 E F1 1.023(is referred to as v)3.523 F 1.023
(ersion eight \(V8\).)-.15 F -1.11(Ve)6.023 G 1.023(rsions six and se)1.11 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.523(nw).15 G(ere)491.79 288.6 Q 1.281
(skipped because of an agreement that all \214les in 4.4BSD w)87 300.6 R 1.281
(ould be numbered as \2318.1\232.)-.1 F 1.282(Rather than)6.282 F(ha)87 312.6 Q
2.05 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 4.25(ne).15 G 1.75(xternal v)127.76 312.6 R 1.75
(ersion number that dif)-.15 F 1.75(fered from the \214le v)-.25 F 1.75
(ersion numbers,)-.15 F F2(sendmail)4.25 E F1 1.75(just jumped)4.25 F
(directly to V8.)87 324.6 Q F0 2.5(2. CHANGES)72 348.6 R(IN VERSION EIGHT)2.5 E
F1 .138(The follo)112 364.8 R .139
(wing is a summary of the changes between the last commonly a)-.25 F -.25(va)
-.2 G .139(ilable v).25 F .139(ersion of send-)-.15 F(mail from Berk)87 376.8 Q
(ele)-.1 E 2.5(y\()-.15 G(5.67\) and the latest v)170.9 376.8 Q
(ersion \(8.6.6\).)-.15 E(Man)112 393 Q 2.5(yo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)142.68 393 S
(hese are ideas that had been tried in ID)151.29 393 Q(A, b)-.4 E(ut man)-.2 E
2.5(yo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)363.27 393 S(hem were generalized in V8.)371.88 393 Q F0
2.5(2.1. P)87 417 R(erf)-.2 E(ormance Enhancements)-.25 E F1 .549
(Instead of closing SMTP connections immediately)127 433.2 R 3.049(,o)-.65 G
.549(pen connections are cached for possible)342.135 433.2 R .029(future use.)
102 445.2 R .029(There is a limit to the number of simultaneous open connectio\
ns and the idle time of an)5.029 F(y)-.15 E(indi)102 457.2 Q
(vidual connection.)-.25 E 1.219(This is of best help during queue processing \
\(since there is the potential of man)127 473.4 R 3.719(yd)-.15 G(if)474.82
473.4 Q(ferent)-.25 E 1.113(messages going to one site\), although it can also\
help when processing MX records which aren')102 485.4 R(t)-.18 E
(handled by MX Piggybacking.)102 497.4 Q 1.258(If tw)127 513.6 R 3.757(oh)-.1 G
1.257(osts with dif)161.075 513.6 R 1.257
(ferent names in a single message happen to ha)-.25 F 1.557 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
1.257(he same set of MX).15 F .94(hosts, the)102 525.6 R 3.44(yc)-.15 G .94
(an be sent in the same transaction.)153.45 525.6 R -1.11(Ve)5.94 G .94
(rsion 8 notices this and tries to batch the mes-)1.11 F(sages.)102 537.6 Q
-.15(Fo)127 553.8 S 3.638(re).15 G 1.138(xample, if tw)148.668 553.8 R 3.637
(os)-.1 G 1.137(ites `)216.42 553.8 R(`foo.com')-.74 E 3.637('a)-.74 G 1.137
(nd `)286.914 553.8 R(`bar)-.74 E(.com')-.55 E 3.637('a)-.74 G 1.137
(re both serv)352.408 553.8 R 1.137(ed by UUNET)-.15 F 3.637(,t)-.74 G(he)
470.513 553.8 Q 3.637(yw)-.15 G(ill)495.66 553.8 Q(ha)102 565.8 Q .557 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H .257(he same set of MX hosts and will be sent in one transaction.)
.15 F .258(UUNET will then split the mes-)5.258 F(sage and send it to the tw)
102 577.8 Q 2.5(oi)-.1 G(ndi)213.28 577.8 Q(vidual hosts.)-.25 E F0 2.5
(2.2. RFC)87 601.8 R(1123 Changes)2.5 E F1 2.607(An)127 618 S .107
(umber of changes ha)141.827 618 R .407 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .106(een made to mak)
.15 F 2.606(es)-.1 G .106(endmail `)321.07 618 R .106
(`conditionally compliant')-.74 F 2.606('\()-.74 G .106(that is, it)469.058 618
R(satis\214es all of the MUST clauses and most b)102 630 Q
(ut not all of the SHOULD clauses in RFC 1123\).)-.2 E
(The major areas of change are \(numbers are RFC 1123 section numbers\):)127
646.2 Q 26.5(\2475.2.7 Response)102 662.4 R .565(to RCPT command is f)3.065 F
3.065(ast. Pre)-.1 F(viously)-.25 E 3.065(,s)-.65 G .565(endmail e)362.295
662.4 R .565(xpanded all aliases as f)-.15 F(ar)-.1 E .686
(as it could \212 this could tak)156 674.4 R 3.186(eav)-.1 G .685
(ery long time, particularly if there were name serv)290.118 674.4 R(er)-.15 E
3.891(delays. V)156 686.4 R 1.391(ersion 8 only checks for the e)-1.11 F 1.392
(xistence of an alias and does the e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.15 E(later)156 698.4 Q
5.176(.I)-.55 G 2.676(td)184.226 698.4 S .176
(oes still do a DNS lookup if there is an e)194.682 698.4 R .175
(xplicit host name in the RCPT com-)-.15 F(mand, b)156 710.4 Q
(ut this time is bounded.)-.2 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Changes in Sendmail V)72 60 Q(ersion 8)-1 E(3)499 60 Q
/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 26.5(\2475.2.8 Numeric)102 96 R .612
(IP addresses are logged in Recei)3.112 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .613(d: lines.).15 F
.613(This helps tracing spoofed mes-)5.613 F(sages.)156 108 Q 21.5
(\2475.2.17 Self)102 124.2 R .127(domain literal is properly handled.)2.627 F
(Pre)5.126 E(viously)-.25 E 2.626(,i)-.65 G 2.626(fs)368.196 124.2 S .126
(omeone sent to user@[1.2.3.4],)378.042 124.2 R .12
(where 1.2.3.4 is your IP address, the mail w)156 136.2 R .12
(ould probably be rejected with a `)-.1 F(`con\214gu-)-.74 E(ration error')156
148.2 Q 2.5('. V)-.74 F(ersion 8 can handle these addresses.)-1.11 E 26.5
(\2475.3.2 Better)102 164.4 R 1.189(control o)3.69 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.689(ri)
.15 G(ndi)240.088 164.4 Q 1.189(vidual timeouts.)-.25 F 1.189
(RFC 821 speci\214ed no timeouts.)6.189 F 1.189(Older v)6.189 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2
E .002(sions of sendmail had a single timeout, typically set to tw)156 176.4 R
2.502(oh)-.1 G 2.502(ours. V)398.142 176.4 R .002(ersion 8 allo)-1.11 F .002
(ws the)-.25 F(con\214guration \214le to set timeouts for v)156 188.4 Q
(arious SMTP commands indi)-.25 E(vidually)-.25 E(.)-.65 E 26.5
(\2475.3.3 Error)102 204.6 R 1.06(messages are sent as From:<>.)3.56 F 1.059
(This w)6.059 F 1.059(as ur)-.1 F 1.059(ged by RFC 821 and reiterated by)-.18 F
.237(RFC 1123, b)156 216.6 R .237(ut older v)-.2 F .237(ersions of sendmail ne)
-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.737(rr).15 G .237(eally did it properly)355.186 216.6 R
5.237(.V)-.65 G .238(ersion 8 does.)448.254 216.6 R(Ho)156 228.6 Q(we)-.25 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G 1.934 -.4(r, s).15 H 1.134
(ome systems cannot handle this perfectly le).4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 3.633(la).05 G
1.133(ddress; if necessary)402.941 228.6 R 3.633(,y)-.65 G(ou)494 228.6 Q
(can create a special mailer that uses the `g' \215ag to disable this.)156
240.6 Q 26.5(\2475.3.3 Error)102 256.8 R 3.212(messages are ne)5.712 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 5.712(rs).15 G 3.212(ent to <>.)275.628 256.8 R(Pre)8.213 E(viously)-.25
E 5.713(,s)-.65 G 3.213(endmail w)383.028 256.8 R 3.213(as happ)-.1 F 5.713(yt)
-.1 G 5.713(os)474.957 256.8 S(end)489.56 256.8 Q 6
(responses-to-responses which sometimes resulted in responses-to-responses-to-)
156 268.8 R(responses which resulted in ....)156 280.8 Q(you get the idea.)5 E
26.5(\2475.3.3 Route-addrs)102 297 R .111(\(the ugly `)2.611 F
(`<@hosta,@hostb:user@hostc>')-.74 E 2.611('s)-.74 G .111(yntax\) are pruned.)
389.124 297 R .112(RFC 821)5.112 F(ur)156 309 Q 1.001
(ged the use of this bletcherous syntax.)-.18 F 1
(RFC 1123 has seen the light and of)6.001 F(\214cially)-.25 E 1.124
(deprecates them, further ur)156 321 R 1.125(ging that you eliminate all b)-.18
F 1.125(ut `)-.2 F(`user@hostc')-.74 E 3.625('s)-.74 G 1.125(hould you)462.595
321 R(recei)156 333 Q 1.698 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 1.398(ne of these things.).15 F
-1.11(Ve)6.398 G 1.398(rsion 8 is slightly more generous than the standards)
1.11 F .753(suggest; instead of stripping of)156 345 R 3.253(fa)-.25 G .753
(ll the route addressees, it only strips hosts of)293.115 345 R 3.254(fu)-.25 G
3.254(pt)487.966 345 S(o)499 345 Q 1.29(the one before the last one kno)156 357
R 1.289(wn to DNS, thus allo)-.25 F 1.289(wing you to ha)-.25 F 1.589 -.15
(ve p)-.2 H(seudo-hosts).15 E(such as foo.BITNET)156 369 Q 5(.T)-.74 G
(he `R' option will turn this of)251.91 369 Q(f.)-.25 E
(The areas in which sendmail is not `)102 385.2 Q(`unconditionally compliant')
-.74 E 2.5('a)-.74 G(re:)367.43 385.2 Q 26.5(\2475.2.6 Sendmail)102 401.4 R
(does do header munging.)2.5 E 21.5(\2475.2.10 Sendmail)102 417.6 R(doesn')3.2
E 3.2(ta)-.18 G -.1(lwa)233.88 417.6 S .7(ys use the e).1 F .701
(xact SMTP message te)-.15 F .701(xt from RFC 821.)-.15 F .701(This is a)5.701
F(rather silly requirement.)156 429.6 Q 19(\2475.3.1.1 Sendmail)102 445.8 R
(doesn')3.512 E 3.512(tg)-.18 G 1.012
(uarantee only one connect for each host on queue runs.)235.064 445.8 R
(Connec-)6.011 E(tion caching gi)156 457.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(sy).15 G
(ou most of this, b)235.87 457.8 Q(ut it does not pro)-.2 E(vide a guarantee.)
-.15 E 19(\2475.3.1.1 Sendmail)102 474 R(doesn')2.843 E 2.843(ta)-.18 G -.1
(lwa)233.166 474 S .343(ys pro).1 F .343(vide an adequate limit on concurrenc)
-.15 F 4.144 -.65(y. T)-.15 H .344(hat is, there can).65 F .757(be se)156 486 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G .757(ral independent sendmails running at once.).15 F .757
(My feeling is that doing an abso-)5.757 F 1.047(lute limit w)156 498 R 1.047
(ould be a mistak)-.1 F 3.547(e\()-.1 G 1.048(it might result in lost mail\).)
284.302 498 R(Ho)6.048 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.848 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.548
(fy).4 G 1.048(ou use the)461.354 498 R .801(XLA contrib)156 510 R .801
(uted softw)-.2 F .801(are, most of this will be guaranteed \(b)-.1 F .801
(ut I don')-.2 F 3.3(tg)-.18 G .8(uarantee the)454.61 510 R(guarantee\).)156
522 Q F0 2.5(2.3. Extended)87 546 R(SMTP Support)2.5 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 562.2 S
.154(rsion 8 includes both sending and recei)1.11 F .155
(ving support for Extended SMTP support as de\214ned)-.25 F .229(by RFC 1425 \
\(basic\) and RFC 1427 \(SIZE\); and limited support for RFC 1426 \(BOD)102
574.2 R 2.729(Y\). The)-.55 F(body)2.729 E .275(support is minimal because the\
\2318BITMIME\232 body type is not currently adv)102 586.2 R 2.776
(ertised. Although)-.15 F(such)2.776 E 3.076(ab)102 598.2 S .576
(ody type will be accepted, it will not be correctly con)114.516 598.2 R -.15
(ve)-.4 G .576(rted to 7 bits if speaking to a non-8-bit-).15 F(MIME a)102
610.2 Q -.1(wa)-.15 G(re SMTP serv).1 E(er)-.15 E(.)-.55 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
SF(Sendmail)127 626.4 Q F1 .287(tries to speak ESMTP if you ha)2.787 F .588
-.15(ve t)-.2 H .288(he `a' \215ag set in the \215ags for the mailer descrip-)
.15 F(tor)102 638.4 Q 3.322(,o)-.4 G 3.322(ri)123.532 638.4 S 3.322(ft)132.964
638.4 S .822(he other end adv)142.396 638.4 R .822(ertises the f)-.15 F .822
(act that it speaks ESMTP)-.1 F 5.822(.T)-1.11 G .821
(his is a non-standard adv)376.446 638.4 R(ertise-)-.15 E(ment:)102 650.4 Q F2
(sendmail)2.98 E F1 .48(announces \231ESMTP spok)2.98 F .48
(en here\232 during the initial connection message, and client)-.1 F .587
(sendmails search for this message.)102 662.4 R .586
(This creates some problems for some PC-based mailers, which)5.586 F
(do not understand tw)102 674.4 Q
(o-line greeting messages as required by RFC 821.)-.1 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 294.65(4C)72 60 S(hanges in Sendmail V)378.87 60 Q
(ersion 8)-1 E 2.5(2.4. Eight-Bit)87 96 R(Clean)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(Pre)127 112.2 Q 1.263(vious v)-.25 F 1.263
(ersions of sendmail used the 0200 bit for quoting.)-.15 F 1.264(This v)6.264 F
1.264(ersion a)-.15 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.264(ids that use.).2 F(Ho)102 124.2 Q(we)
-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.119 -.4(r, y).15 H .318
(ou can set option `7' to get se).4 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.818(nb).15 G .318
(it stripping for compatibility with RFC 821, which is)290.046 124.2 R 2.5(a7)
102 136.2 S(-bit protocol.)113.94 136.2 Q(This option says `)5 E
(`strip to 7 bits on input')-.74 E('.)-.74 E(Indi)127 152.4 Q .375
(vidual mailers can still produce se)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.875(nb).15 G .376
(it out put using the `7' mailer \215ag.)303.02 152.4 R .376(This \215ag says)
5.376 F -.74(``)102 164.4 S(strip to 7 bits on output').74 E('.)-.74 E F0 2.5
(2.5. User)87 188.4 R(Database)2.5 E F1 1.926
(The User Database \(UDB\) is an as-yet e)127 204.6 R 1.926
(xperimental attempt to pro)-.15 F 1.925(vide uni\214ed lar)-.15 F(ge-site)-.18
E .396(name support.)102 216.6 R 1.996 -.8(We a)5.396 H .396
(re installing it at Berk).8 F(ele)-.1 E .396(y; future v)-.15 F .396
(ersions may sho)-.15 F 2.897(ws)-.25 G .397(igni\214cant modi\214cations.)
406.373 216.6 R(Brie\215y)102 228.6 Q 3.583(,U)-.65 G 1.083
(DB contains a database that is intended to contain all the per)142.433 228.6 R
1.082(-user information for your)-.2 F -.1(wo)102 240.6 S .172
(rkgroup, such as people').1 F 2.673(sf)-.55 G .173
(ull names, their .plan information, their outgoing mail name, and their)222.29
240.6 R(mail drop.)102 252.6 Q .438(The user database allo)127 268.8 R .438
(ws you to map both incoming and outgoing addresses, much lik)-.25 F 2.937(eI)
-.1 G -.4(DA)487.46 268.8 S(.).4 E(Ho)102 280.8 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.799 -.4(r, t).15 H .999(he interf).4 F .999(ace is still better with ID)-.1 F
.999(A; in particular)-.4 F 3.499(,t)-.4 G 1
(he alias \214le with incoming/outgoing)355.55 280.8 R(marks pro)102 292.8 Q
(vides better locality of information.)-.15 E F0 2.5(2.6. Impr)87 316.8 R -.1
(ove)-.18 G 2.5(dB).1 G(IND Support)158.01 316.8 Q F1 .262
(The BIND support, particularly for MX records, had a number of anno)127 333 R
.261(ying `)-.1 F(`features')-.74 E 2.761('w)-.74 G(hich)486.78 333 Q(ha)102
345 Q 1.212 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .912(een remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.412(di).15 G
3.412(nt)187.116 345 S .912(his release.)198.308 345 R .912(In particular)5.912
F 3.412(,t)-.4 G .912(hese more tightly bind \(pun intended\) the name)307.916
345 R(serv)102 357 Q(er to sendmail, so that the name serv)-.15 E
(er resolution rules are incorporated directly into sendmail.)-.15 E .688
(The major change has been that the $[ ... $] operator didn')127 373.2 R 3.188
(tf)-.18 G .688(ully qualify names that were in)376.41 373.2 R
(DNS as A or MX records.)102 385.2 Q -1.11(Ve)5 G
(rsion 8 does this quali\214cation.)1.11 E .429(This has pro)127 401.4 R -.15
(ve)-.15 G 2.929(nt).15 G 2.929(ob)197.147 401.4 S 2.929(ea)210.076 401.4 S
2.929(na)221.885 401.4 S(nno)234.254 401.4 Q .43
(yance in Sun shops, who often still run without BIND support.)-.1 F(Ho)102
413.4 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.001 -.4(r, i).15 H 2.701(ti).4 G 2.701(sr)
(eally critical that this be supported, since MX records are mandatory)163.763
413.4 R 5.2(.I)-.65 G 2.7(nS)450.26 413.4 S .2(unOS you)463.52 413.4 R .101
(can choose either MX support or NIS support, b)102 425.4 R .101(ut not both.)
-.2 F .101(This is \214x)5.101 F .101(ed in Solaris, and some)-.15 F/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(send-)2.602 E(mail)102 437.4 Q F1(support to allo)2.5 E 2.5
(wt)-.25 G(his in SunOS should be forthcoming in a future release.)192.31 437.4
Q F0 2.5(2.7. K)87 461.4 R(ey)-.25 E(ed Files)-.1 E F1 .242(Generalized k)127
477.6 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .242(ed \214les is an idea tak).15 F .241
(en directly from ID)-.1 F 2.741(As)-.4 G .241
(endmail \(albeit with a completely)368.606 477.6 R(dif)102 489.6 Q
(ferent implementation\).)-.25 E(The)5 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(an be useful on lar)
239.63 489.6 Q(ge sites.)-.18 E -1.11(Ve)127 505.8 S
(rsion 8 includes the follo)1.11 E(wing b)-.25 E(uilt-in map classes:)-.2 E
33.72(dbm Support)102 522 R(for the ndbm\(3\) library)2.5 E(.)-.65 E 33.17
(hash Support)102 538.2 R 1.229(for the `)3.729 F(`Hash')-.74 E 3.729('t)-.74 G
1.229(ype from the ne)261.636 538.2 R 3.729(wB)-.25 G(erk)345.732 538.2 Q(ele)
-.1 E 3.729(yd)-.15 G 1.229(b\(3\) library)383.641 538.2 R 6.23(.t)-.65 G 1.23
(his library pro-)441.55 538.2 R 4.094(vides substantially better database sup\
port than ndbm\(3\), including in-memory)156 550.2 R
(caching, arbitrarily long k)156 562.2 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sa).15 G(nd v)279.89
562.2 Q(alues, and better disk utilization.)-.25 E 31.51(btree Support)102
578.4 R .547(for the `)3.047 F(`B-T)-.74 E(ree')-.35 E 3.047('t)-.74 G .547
(ype from the ne)266.328 578.4 R 3.048(wB)-.25 G(erk)347.698 578.4 Q(ele)-.1 E
3.048(yd)-.15 G .548(b\(3\) library)384.926 578.4 R 5.548(.B)-.65 G(-T)445.362
578.4 Q .548(rees pro)-.35 F(vide)-.15 E .521(better clustering than Hashed \
\214les if you are fetching lots of records that ha)156 590.4 R .821 -.15(ve s)
-.2 H(imilar).15 E -.1(ke)156 602.4 S(ys, such as searching a dictionary for w)
-.05 E(ords be)-.1 E(ginning with `)-.15 E(`detr')-.74 E('.)-.74 E 39.83
(nis Support)102 618.6 R(for NIS \(a.k.a. YP\) maps.)2.5 E
(NIS+ is not supported in this v)5 E(ersion.)-.15 E 34.83(host Support)102
634.8 R(for DNS lookups.)2.5 E 19.84(dequote A)102 651 R -.74(``)2.642 G
(pseudo-map').74 E 2.642('\()-.74 G .142(that is, once that does not ha)232.554
651 R .442 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .442 -.15(ny ex).15 H .142(ternal data\) that allo)
.15 F .142(ws a con-)-.25 F .099
(\214guration \214le to break apart a quoted string in the address.)156 663 R
.098(This is necessary primarily)5.098 F .726
(for DECnet addresses, which often ha)156 675 R 1.026 -.15(ve q)-.2 H .726
(uoted addresses that need to be unwrapped).15 F(on g)156 687 Q(ate)-.05 E -.1
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Changes in Sendmail V)72 60 Q(ersion 8)-1 E(5)499 60 Q
2.5(2.8. Multi-W)87 96 R(ord Classes & Macr)-.75 E(os in Classes)-.18 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF(Classes can no)127 112.2 Q 2.5(wb)-.25 G 2.5(em)200.35 112.2
S(ultiple w)215.07 112.2 Q 2.5(ords. F)-.1 F(or e)-.15 E(xample,)-.15 E
(CShofmann.CS.Berk)142 128.4 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(allo)102
144.6 Q 2.395(ws you to match the entire string `)-.25 F(`hofmann.CS.Berk)-.74
E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU').65 E 4.894('u)-.74 G 2.394
(sing the single construct)399.878 144.6 R -.74(``)102 156.6 S($=S').74 E('.)
-.74 E(Class de\214nitions are no)127 172.8 Q 2.5(wa)-.25 G(llo)234.52 172.8 Q
(wed to include macros \212 for e)-.25 E(xample:)-.15 E(Cw$k)142 189 Q(is le)
102 205.2 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G(l.).05 E F0 2.5(2.9. IDENT)87 229.2 R(Pr)2.5 E
(otocol Support)-.18 E F1 .633
(The IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413 [RFC1413] is supported.)127 245.4
R(Ho)5.633 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.433 -.4(r, m).15 H(an).4 E 3.134(ys)
-.15 G(ys-)491.78 245.4 Q .909(tems ha)102 257.4 R 1.209 -.15(ve a T)-.2 H .909
(ug that renders this useless, and the feature must be turned of)-.2 F 3.408
(f. Roughly)-.25 F 3.408(,i)-.65 G(f)500.67 257.4 Q 8.538
(one of these system recei)102 269.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 11.038(sa\231).15 G 8.539
(No route to host\232 message \(ICMP message)280.568 269.4 R(ICMP_UNREA)102
281.4 Q .829(CH_HOST\) on)-.4 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(any)3.329 E F1 .828
(connection, all connections to that host are closed.)3.329 F .828
(Some \214re-)5.828 F -.1(wa)102 293.4 S .087
(lls return this error if you try to connect to the IDENT port, so you can').1
F 2.587(tr)-.18 G(ecei)408.889 293.4 Q .387 -.15(ve e)-.25 H .087
(mail from these).15 F 1.712(hosts on these systems.)102 305.4 R(It')6.712 E
4.212(sp)-.55 G 1.712(ossible that if the \214re)228.62 305.4 R -.1(wa)-.25 G
1.712(ll used a more speci\214c message \(such as).1 F(ICMP_UNREA)102 317.4 Q
(CH_PR)-.4 E -1.88 -.4(OT O)-.4 H 72.325(COL, ICMP_UNREA).4 F(CH_POR)-.4 E
74.825(To)-.6 G(r)500.67 317.4 Q(ICMP_UNREA)102 329.4 Q(CH_NET_PR)-.4 E
(OHIB\) it w)-.4 E(ould w)-.1 E(ork, b)-.1 E(ut this hasn')-.2 E 2.5(tb)-.18 G
(een v)375.62 329.4 Q(eri\214ed.)-.15 E .678(IDENT protocol support cannot be \
used on 4.3BSD, Apollo DomainOS, Apple A/UX, Con-)127 345.6 R -.15(vex)102
357.6 S 1.405(OS, Data General DG/UX, HP-UX, Sequent Dynix, or Ultrix.).15 F
1.405(It seems to w)6.405 F 1.405(ork on 4.4BSD,)-.1 F
(IBM AIX 3.x, OSF/1, SGI IRIX, Solaris, and SunOS.)102 369.6 Q F0 2.5
(2.10. Separate)87 393.6 R(En)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.4 G(lope/Header Pr).1 E(ocessing)
-.18 E F1 .854(Since the From: line is passed in separately from the en)127
409.8 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .854(lope sender).15 F 3.354(,t)-.4 G .854(hese ha)
420.978 409.8 R 1.154 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .854(oth been).15 F .427
(made visible; the $g macro is set to the en)102 421.8 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .428
(lope sender during processing of mailer ar).15 F .428(gument v)-.18 F(ec-)-.15
E(tors and the header sender during processing of headers.)102 433.8 Q .085
(It is also possible to specify separate per)127 450 R .085(-mailer en)-.2 F
-.15(ve)-.4 G .084(lope and header processing.).15 F .084(The Sender)5.084 F(-)
-.2 E -.55(RW)102 462 S 1.085(Set and RecipientR).55 F 1.085(Wset ar)-.55 F
1.085(guments for mailers can be speci\214ed as `)-.18 F(`en)-.74 E -.15(ve)-.4
G(lope/header').15 E 3.585('t)-.74 G 3.585(og)478.595 462 S -2.15 -.25(iv e)
492.18 462 T(dif)102 474 Q(ferent re)-.25 E(writings for en)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.4
G(lope v).15 E(ersus header addresses.)-.15 E F0 2.5(2.11. Owner)87 498 R
(-List Pr)-.37 E(opagates to En)-.18 E -.1(ve)-.4 G(lope).1 E F1 1.168
(When an alias has an associated o)127 514.2 R(wner)-.25 E 1.168
(-list name, that alias is used to change the en)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope).15 E
(sender address.)102 526.2 Q(This will cause do)5 E
(wnstream errors to be returned to that o)-.25 E(wner)-.25 E(.)-.55 E 1.813
(Some people \214nd this confusing because the en)127 542.4 R -.15(ve)-.4 G
1.813(lope sender is what appears in the \214rst).15 F -.74(``)102 554.4 S
(From_').74 E 3.127('l)-.74 G .627(ine in UNIX messages \(that is, the line be)
146.417 554.4 R .627(ginning `)-.15 F(`From<space>')-.74 E 3.127('i)-.74 G .627
(nstead of `)424.797 554.4 R(`From:')-.74 E(';)-.74 E .502
(the latter is the header from, which)102 566.4 R F2(does)3.002 E F1 .503
(indicate the sender of the message\).)3.002 F .503(In pre)5.503 F .503
(vious v)-.25 F(ersions,)-.15 E F2(sendmail)102 578.4 Q F1 .057(has tried to a)
2.557 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .057(id changing the en).2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .056
(lope sender for back compatibility with UNIX con).15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G(n-).15 E
.177(tion; at this point that back compatibility is creating too man)102 590.4
R 2.678(yp)-.15 G .178(roblems, and it is necessary to mo)357.972 590.4 R -.15
(ve)-.15 G(forw)102 602.4 Q(ard into the 1980s.)-.1 E F0 2.5(2.12. Command)87
626.4 R(Line Flags)2.5 E F1(The)127 642.6 Q F0<ad42>2.5 E F1
(\215ag has been added to pass in body type information.)2.5 E(The)127 658.8 Q
(\215ag has been added to pass in protocol information that w)3.057 F .557
(as pre)-.1 F .556(viously passed in by)-.25 F(de\214ning the)102 670.8 Q F0
($r)2.5 E F1(and)2.5 E F0($s)2.5 E F1(macros.)2.5 E(The)127 687 Q F0<ad58>2.6 E
F1 .1(\215ag has been added to allo)2.6 F 2.6(wl)-.25 G .1
(ogging of all protocol in and out of sendmail for deb)279.89 687 R(ug-)-.2 E
2.732(ging. Y)102 699 R .232(ou can set \231\255X \214lename\232 and a complet\
e transcript will be logged in that \214le.)-1.1 F .231(This gets big)5.231 F
-.1(fa)102 711 S(st: the option is only for deb).1 E(ugging.)-.2 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 294.65(6C)72 60 S(hanges in Sendmail V)378.87 60 Q
(ersion 8)-1 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)127 96 Q F0<ad71>4.006 E F1 1.507(\
\215ag can limit limit a queue run to speci\214c recipients, senders, or queue\
(\255qRsubstring, \255qSsubstring, or \255qIsubstring respecti)102 108 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(2.13. New)87 132 R(Con\214guration Line T)
2.5 E(ypes)-.74 E F1 .674(The `T' \(T)127 148.2 R .674
(rusted users\) con\214guration line has been deleted.)-.35 F .674
(It will still be accepted b)5.674 F .674(ut will)-.2 F(be ignored.)102 160.2 Q
(The `K' line has been added to declare database maps.)127 176.4 Q
(The `V' line has been added to declare the con\214guration v)127 192.6 Q
(ersion le)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E(The `M' \(mailer\) line tak)127 208.8
Q(es a D= \214eld to specify e)-.1 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution directory).15 E(.)
-.65 E F0 2.5(2.14. New)87 232.8 R(and Extended Options)2.5 E F1(Se)127 249 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G .9(ral ne).15 F 3.4(wo)-.25 G .9(ptions ha)184.8 249 R 1.2 -.15
(ve b)-.2 H .9(een added, man).15 F 3.4(yt)-.15 G 3.4(os)314.89 249 S .9
(upport ne)327.18 249 R 3.4(wf)-.25 G .9(eatures, others to allo)379.83 249 R
3.4(wt)-.25 G(uning)481.22 249 Q(that w)102 261 Q(as pre)-.1 E(viously a)-.25 E
-.25(va)-.2 G(ilable only by recompiling.).25 E(Brie\215y:)5 E 28.78(AT)102
277.2 S .099(he alias \214le speci\214cation can no)144.11 277.2 R 2.599(wb)
-.25 G 2.599(eal)286.654 277.2 S .099(ist of alias \214les.)303.512 277.2 R
.098(Also, the con\214guration can spec-)5.099 F(ify a class of \214le.)138
289.2 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, to search the NIS aliases, use \231O)
232.13 289.2 Q(Anis:mail.aliases\232.)-.35 E 31(bI)102 305.4 S
(nsist on a minimum number of disk blocks.)141.33 305.4 Q 29.33(CD)102 321.6 S
(eli)145.22 321.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .24(ry checkpoint interv).15 F 2.74
(al. Checkpoint)-.25 F .24(the queue \(to a)2.74 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .24
(id duplicate deli).2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .24(ries\) e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .24
(ry C).15 F(addresses.)138 333.6 Q 29.89(ED)102 349.8 S(ef)145.22 349.8 Q .712
(ault error message.)-.1 F .711
(This message \(or the contents of the indicated \214le\) are prepended)5.712 F
(to error messages.)138 361.8 Q 28.78(GE)102 378 S .785(nable GECOS matching.)
144.11 378 R .785(If you can')5.785 F 3.285<748c>-.18 G .786
(nd a local user name and this option is enabled,)307.51 378 R .59
(do a sequential scan of the passwd \214le to match ag)138 390 R .589
(ainst full names.)-.05 F(Pre)5.589 E .589(viously a compile)-.25 F(option.)138
402 Q 31(hM)102 418.2 S(aximum hop count.)146.89 418.2 Q(Pre)5 E
(viously this w)-.25 E(as compiled in.)-.1 E 32.67(IT)102 434.4 S
(his option has been e)144.11 434.4 Q(xtended to allo)-.15 E 2.5(ws)-.25 G
(etting of resolv)300.64 434.4 Q(er parameters.)-.15 E 33.22(jS)102 450.6 S
(end errors in MIME-encapsulated format.)143.56 450.6 Q 32.11(JF)102 466.8 S
(orw)143.41 466.8 Q(ard \214le path.)-.1 E(Where to search for .forw)5 E
(ard \214les \212 def)-.1 E(aults to $HOME/.forw)-.1 E(ard.)-.1 E 31(kC)102 483
S .05(onnection cache size.)144.67 483 R .05
(The total number of connections that will be k)5.05 F .05(ept open at an)-.1 F
2.55(yt)-.15 G(ime.)486.5 483 Q 28.78(KC)102 499.2 S 1.395
(onnection cache lifetime.)144.67 499.2 R 1.395(The amount of time an)6.395 F
3.895(yc)-.15 G 1.394(onnection will be permitted to sit)364.53 499.2 R(idle.)
138 511.2 Q 33.22(lE)102 527.4 S .333(nable Errors-T)144.11 527.4 R .333
(o: header)-.8 F 5.334(.T)-.55 G .334
(hese headers violate RFC 1123; this option is included to pro-)252.89 527.4 R
(vide back compatibility with old v)138 539.4 Q(ersions of sendmail.)-.15 E
28.78(OI)102 555.6 S(ncoming daemon options \(e.g., use alternate SMTP port\).)
141.33 555.6 Q 31(pP)102 571.8 S(ri)143.56 571.8 Q -.25(va)-.25 G .3 -.15(cy o)
.25 H 2.5(ptions. These).15 F(can be used to mak)2.5 E 2.5(ey)-.1 G
(our SMTP serv)322.22 571.8 Q(er less friendly)-.15 E(.)-.65 E 32.67(rT)102 588
S .67(his option has been e)144.11 588 R .67(xtended to allo)-.15 F 3.17<778c>
-.25 G .67(ner grained control o)307 588 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.17(rt).15 G 3.17
(imeouts. F)411.02 588 R .67(or e)-.15 F(xample,)-.15 E
(you can set the timeout for SMTP commands indi)138 600 Q(vidually)-.25 E(.)
-.65 E 29.33(RD)102 616.2 S(on')145.22 616.2 Q 11.797(tp)-.18 G 9.297
(rune route-addrs.)177.947 616.2 R(Normally)269.851 616.2 Q 11.797(,i)-.65 G
11.797(fv)324.608 616.2 S 9.297(ersion 8 sees an address lik)344.585 616.2 R(e)
-.1 E 1.256("<@hostA,@hostB:user@hostC>, sendmail will try to strip of)138
628.2 R 3.755(fa)-.25 G 3.755(sm)406.48 628.2 S 1.255(uch as it can \(up to)
421.905 628.2 R(user@hostC\) as suggested by RFC 1123.)138 640.2 Q
(This option disables that beha)5 E(viour)-.2 E(.)-.55 E 29.89(TT)102 656.4 S
1.485(he \231Return T)144.11 656.4 R 3.985(oS)-.8 G 1.485
(ender\232 timeout has been e)213.035 656.4 R 1.485(xtended to allo)-.15 F
3.986(ws)-.25 G 1.486(peci\214cation of a w)399.942 656.4 R(arning)-.1 E .789
(message interv)138 668.4 R .789
(al, typically something on the order of four hours.)-.25 F .788
(If a message cannot be)5.788 F(deli)138 680.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.245
(red in that interv).15 F 1.245(al, a w)-.25 F 1.245
(arning message is sent back to the sender b)-.1 F 1.246(ut the message)-.2 F
(continues to be tried.)138 692.4 Q 28.78(UU)102 708.6 S(ser database spec.)
145.22 708.6 Q(This is still e)5 E(xperimental.)-.15 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Changes in Sendmail V)72 60 Q(ersion 8)-1 E(7)499 60 Q
/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 28.78(VF)102 96 S .758(allback `)143.41 96 R(`MX')-.74
E 3.258('h)-.74 G 3.258(ost. This)211.756 96 R .757
(can be thought of as an MX host that applies to all addresses)3.258 F
(that has a v)138 108 Q(ery high preference v)-.15 E
(alue \(that is, use it only if e)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rything else f).15 E
(ails\).)-.1 E 28.78(wI)102 124.2 S 3.066(fs)141.33 124.2 S .566(et, assume th\
at if you are the best MX host for a host, you should send directly to that)
151.616 124.2 R 3.213(host. This)138 136.2 R .713
(is intended for compatibility with UIUC sendmail, and may ha)3.213 F 1.013
-.15(ve s)-.2 H .712(ome use on).15 F(\214re)138 148.2 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(lls.).1
E 31(7D)102 164.4 S 2.758(on)145.22 164.4 S .258(ot run eight bit clean.)
157.978 164.4 R -.7(Te)5.258 G(chnically).7 E 2.758(,y)-.65 G .258(ou ha)
305.656 164.4 R .558 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.758(oa).15 G .259
(ssert this option to be RFC 821 com-)354.68 164.4 R(patible.)138 176.4 Q F0
2.5(2.15. New)87 200.4 R(Mailer De\214nitions)2.5 E F1 21.75(L= Set)102 216.6 R
.93(the allo)3.43 F -.1(wa)-.25 G .93(ble line length.).1 F .93
(In V5, the L mailer \215ag implied a line length limit of 990)5.93 F
(characters; this is no)138 228.6 Q 2.5(ws)-.25 G(ettable to an arbitrary v)
233.29 228.6 Q(alue.)-.25 E 17.86(F=a T)102 244.8 R(ry to use ESMTP)-.35 E 5
(.I)-1.11 G 2.5(tw)222.65 244.8 S(ill f)235.15 244.8 Q
(all back to SMTP if the initial EHLO pack)-.1 E(et is rejected.)-.1 E 17.3
(F=b Ensure)102 261 R 2.5(ab)2.5 G(lank line at the end of messages.)180.21 261
Q(Useful on the *\214le* mailer)5 E(.)-.55 E 17.86(F=c Strip)102 277.2 R .68(a\
ll comments from addresses; this should only be used as a last resort when dea\
ling)3.18 F(with crank)138 289.2 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(ailers.)195.62 289.2 Q 17.3
(F=g Ne)102 305.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.88(ru).15 G .38
(se the null sender as the en)169.91 305.4 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .379(lope sender).15
F 2.879(,e)-.4 G -.15(ve)343.645 305.4 S 2.879(nw).15 G .379(hen running SMTP)
368.034 305.4 R 5.379(.T)-1.11 G .379(his violates)458.341 305.4 R(RFC 1123.)
138 317.4 Q 17.3(F=7 Strip)102 333.6 R(all output to this mailer to 7 bits.)2.5
E 16.19(F=L Used)102 349.8 R .198
(to set the line limit to 990 bytes for SMTP compatibility)2.697 F 5.198(.I)
-.65 G 2.698(tn)398.622 349.8 S .698 -.25(ow d)409.1 349.8 T .198
(oes that only if the).25 F(L= k)138 361.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G
(letter is not speci\214ed.).15 E
(This \215ag is obsolete and should not be used.)5 E F0 2.5(2.16. New)87 385.8
R(or Changed Pr)2.5 E(e-De\214ned Macr)-.18 E(os)-.18 E F1 23.5($k UUCP)102 402
R(node name from uname\(2\).)2.5 E 20.72($m Domain)102 418.2 R
(part of our full hostname.)2.5 E 23.5($_ RFC)102 434.4 R(1413-pro)2.5 E
(vided sender address.)-.15 E 21.28($w Pre)102 450.6 R .148(viously w)-.25 F
.148(as sometimes the full domain name, sometimes just the \214rst w)-.1 F
2.647(ord. No)-.1 F 2.647(wg)-.25 G(uar)488.1 450.6 Q(-)-.2 E
(anteed to be the \214rst w)138 462.6 Q
(ord of the domain name \(i.e., the host name\).)-.1 E 25.72($j Pre)102 478.8 R
.193(viously had to be de\214ned \212 it is no)-.25 F 2.693(wp)-.25 G .194
(rede\214ned to be the full domain name, if that can)310.067 478.8 R
(be determined.)138 490.8 Q(That is, it is equi)5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to $w)
.25 E(.$m.)-.65 E F0 2.5(2.17. New)87 514.8 R(and Changed Classes)2.5 E F1
17.86($=k Initialized)102 531 R(to contain $k.)2.5 E 15.64($=w No)102 547.2 R
(ncludes \231[1.2.3.4]\232 \(where 1.2.3.4 is your IP address\) to allo)163.039
547.2 R 3.068(wt)-.25 G .568(he con\214guration \214le)422.314 547.2 R
(to recognize your o)138 559.2 Q(wn IP address.)-.25 E F0 2.5(2.18. New)87
583.2 R(Rewriting T)2.5 E(ok)-.92 E(ens)-.1 E F1(The)127 599.4 Q F0($&)3.25 E
F1 .75(construct has been adopted from ID)3.25 F 3.25(At)-.4 G 3.25(od)322
599.4 S .75(efer macro e)335.25 599.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G 3.25(luation. Normally)
.25 F 3.25(,m)-.65 G(acros)482.9 599.4 Q .476
(in rulesets are bound when the rule is \214rst parsed during startup.)102
611.4 R .476(Some macros change during pro-)5.476 F .046
(cessing and are uninteresting during startup.)102 623.4 R(Ho)5.046 E(we)-.25 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G .846 -.4(r, t).15 H .047
(hat macro can be referenced using \231$&x\232 to).4 F(defer the e)102 635.4 Q
-.25(va)-.25 G(ulation of $x until the rule is processed.).25 E(The tok)127
651.6 Q(ens)-.1 E F0($\()2.5 E F1(and)2.5 E F0($\))2.5 E F1(ha)2.5 E .3 -.15
(ve b)-.2 H(een added to allo).15 E 2.5(ws)-.25 G(peci\214cation of map re)
319.59 651.6 Q(writing.)-.25 E -1.11(Ve)127 667.8 S 1.499(rsion 8 allo)1.11 F
(ws)-.25 E F0($@)3.999 E F1 1.499
(on the Left Hand Side of an `R' line to match zero tok)3.999 F 3.998
(ens. This)-.1 F(is)3.998 E(intended to be used to match the null input.)102
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 294.65(8C)72 60 S(hanges in Sendmail V)378.87 60 Q
(ersion 8)-1 E 2.5(2.19. Bigger)87 96 R(Defaults)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
-1.11(Ve)127 112.2 S 1.283(rsion 8 allo)1.11 F 1.284
(ws up to 100 rulesets instead of 30.)-.25 F 1.284
(It is recommended that rulesets 0\2559 be)6.284 F(reserv)102 124.2 Q
(ed for sendmail')-.15 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G(edicated use in future releases.)202.66
124.2 Q(The total number of MX records that can be used has been raised to 20.)
127 140.4 Q .335(The number of queued messages that can be handled at one time\
has been raised from 600 to)127 156.6 R(1000.)102 168.6 Q F0 2.5(2.20. Differ)
87 192.6 R(ent Default T)-.18 E(uning P)-.92 E(arameters)-.1 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127
208.8 S .8(rsion 8 has changed the def)1.11 F .8
(ault parameters for tuning queue costs to mak)-.1 F 3.3(et)-.1 G .8
(he number of)449.08 208.8 R .712(recipients more important than the size of t\
he message \(for small messages\).)102 220.8 R .712(This is reasonable if)5.712
F(you are connected with reasonably f)102 232.8 Q(ast links.)-.1 E F0 2.5
(2.21. A)87 256.8 R(uto-Quoting in Addr)-.5 E(esses)-.18 E F1(Pre)127 273 Q
(viously)-.25 E 3.2(,t)-.65 G .701(he `)177.36 273 R .701
(`Full Name <email address>')-.74 F 3.201('s)-.74 G .701(yntax w)322.025 273 R
.701(ould generate incorrect protocol out-)-.1 F .006(put if `)102 285 R .006
(`Full Name')-.74 F 2.506('h)-.74 G .006(ad special characters such as dot.)
187.754 285 R .005(This v)5.006 F .005(ersion puts quotes around such names.)
-.15 F F0 2.5(2.22. Symbolic)87 309 R(Names On Err)2.5 E(or Mailer)-.18 E F1
(Se)127 325.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral names ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een b).15
E(uilt in to the $@ portion of the $#error mailer)-.2 E 5(.F)-.55 G(or e)428.96
325.2 Q(xample:)-.15 E($#error $@NOHOST $: Host unkno)142 341.4 Q(wn)-.25 E
(Prints the indicated message and sets the e)102 357.6 Q(xit status of)-.15 E
/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1(to)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF
(EX_NOHOST)2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(2.23. New)87 381.6 R(Built-In Mailers)2.5 E F1
-1 -.8(Tw o)127 397.8 T(ne)3.901 E 3.101(wm)-.25 G .601(ailers, *\214le* and *\
include*, are included to de\214ne options when mailing to a \214le)174.822
397.8 R(or a :include: \214le respecti)102 409.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5
(.P)-.65 G(re)232.88 409.8 Q(viously these were o)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G
(rloaded on the local mailer).15 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(2.24. SMTP)87 433.8 R
(VRFY Doesn't Expand)2.5 E F1(Pre)127 450 Q 1.438(vious v)-.25 F 1.438
(ersions of sendmail treated VRFY and EXPN the same.)-.15 F 1.437(In this v)
6.437 F 1.437(ersion, VRFY)-.15 F(doesn')102 462 Q 2.5(te)-.18 G
(xpand aliases or follo)138.05 462 Q 2.5(w.)-.25 G(forw)235.84 462 Q
(ard \214les.)-.1 E .663(As an optimization, if you run with your def)127 478.2
R .664(ault deli)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .664(ry mode being queue-only).15 F 3.164
(,t)-.65 G .664(he RCPT)466.386 478.2 R 1.09
(command will also not chase aliases and .forw)102 490.2 R 1.09(ard \214les.)
-.1 F 1.09(It will chase them when it processes the)6.09 F 2.5(queue. This)102
502.2 R(speeds up RCPT processing.)2.5 E F0 2.5(2.25. [IPC])87 526.2 R
(Mailers Allo)2.5 E 2.5(wM)-.1 G(ultiple Hosts)210.49 526.2 Q F1 .099
(When an address resolv)127 542.4 R .099(es to a mailer that has `)-.15 F
(`[IPC]')-.74 E 2.599('a)-.74 G 2.6(si)353.52 542.4 S .1(ts `)362.79 542.4 R
(`P)-.74 E(ath')-.15 E .1(', the $@ part \(host name\))-.74 F .138
(can be a colon-separated list of hosts instead of a single hostname.)102 554.4
R .137(This asks sendmail to search the)5.137 F .16
(list for the \214rst entry that is a)102 566.4 R -.25(va)-.2 G .16(ilable e)
.25 F .161(xactly as though it were an MX record.)-.15 F .161
(The intent is to route)5.161 F .738(internal traf)102 578.4 R .738
(\214c through internal netw)-.25 F .738
(orks without publishing an MX record to the net.)-.1 F .737(MX e)5.737 F
(xpan-)-.15 E(sion is still done on the indi)102 590.4 Q(vidual items.)-.25 E
F0 2.5(2.26. Aliases)87 614.4 R(Extended)2.5 E F1 .298
(The implementation has been mer)127 630.6 R .298(ged with maps.)-.18 F .299
(Among other things, this supports multiple)5.298 F
(alias \214les and NIS-based aliases.)102 642.6 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G
(xample:)258.34 642.6 Q -.35(OA)142 658.8 S(/etc/aliases,nis:mail.aliases).35 E
(will search \214rst the local database \231/etc/aliases\232 follo)102 675 Q
(wed by the NIS map)-.25 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Changes in Sendmail V)72 60 Q(ersion 8)-1 E(9)499 60 Q
2.5(2.27. P)87 96 R(ortability and Security Enhancements)-.2 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(An)127 112.2 S(umber of internal changes ha)141.72 112.2
Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een made to enhance portability).15 E(.)-.65 E(Se)127
128.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral \214x).15 E(es ha)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
(een made to increase the paranoia f).15 E(actor)-.1 E(.)-.55 E .46
(In particular)127 144.6 R 2.96(,t)-.4 G .46(he permissions required for .forw)
184.45 144.6 R .46(ard and :include: \214les ha)-.1 F .76 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .46
(een tightened up).15 F(considerably)102 156.6 Q 5.182(.V)-.65 G 2.683(5w)
167.352 156.6 S .183(ould pretty much read an)182.155 156.6 R 2.683<798c>-.15 G
.183(le it could get to as root, which e)295.96 156.6 R .183(xposed some secu-)
-.15 F 1.02(rity holes.)102 168.6 R 1.02
(V8 insists that all directories leading up to the .forw)6.02 F 1.02
(ard or :include: \214le be searchable)-.1 F .334
(\("x" permission\) by the controlling user" \(de\214ned belo)102 180.6 R .335
(w\), that the \214le itself be readable by the con-)-.25 F(trolling user)102
192.6 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(nd that .forw)159.65 192.6 Q(ard \214les be o)-.1 E
(wned by the user who is being forw)-.25 E(arded to or root.)-.1 E .565
(The "controlling user" is the user on whose behalf the mail is being deli)127
208.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.065(red. F).15 F .565(or e)-.15 F(xample,)-.15 E .459
(if you mail to "user1" then the controlling user for ~user1/.forw)102 220.8 R
.46(ard and an)-.1 F 2.96(ym)-.15 G .46(ailers in)416.94 220.8 R -.2(vo)-.4 G
-.1(ke).2 G 2.96(db).1 G 2.96(yt)481.04 220.8 S(hat)491.78 220.8 Q(.forw)102
232.8 Q(ard \214le, including :include: \214les.)-.1 E(Pre)127 249 Q(viously)
-.25 E 2.816(,a)-.65 G -.15(ny)178.636 249 S .316
(one who had a home directory could create a .forw).15 F .316(ard could forw)
-.1 F .316(ard to a pro-)-.1 F 2.965(gram. No)102 261 R 1.765 -.65(w, s)-.25 H
.466(endmail checks to mak).65 F 2.966(es)-.1 G .466(ure that the)262.934 261 R
2.966(yh)-.15 G -2.25 -.2(av e)321.672 261 T .466(an "appro)3.166 F -.15(ve)
-.15 G 2.966(ds).15 G .466(hell", that is, a shell listed)398.42 261 R
(in the /etc/shells \214le.)102 273 Q F0 2.5(2.28. Miscellaneous)87 297 R
(Fixes and Enhancements)2.5 E F1 4.03(An)127 313.2 S 1.53(umber of small b)
143.25 313.2 R 1.53(ugs ha)-.2 F 1.53(ving to do with things lik)-.2 F 4.03(eb)
-.1 G 1.53(ackslash-escaped quotes inside of)364.72 313.2 R(comments ha)102
325.2 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een \214x).15 E(ed.)-.15 E 1.552(The \214x)127 341.4
R 1.552(ed size limit on header lines \(such as \231T)-.15 F 1.553
(o:\232 and \231Cc:\232\) has been eliminated; those)-.8 F -.2(bu)102 353.4 S
-.25(ff).2 G(ers are dynamically allocated no).25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .289(Sendma\
il writes a /etc/sendmail.pid \214le with the current process id and the curre\
nt in)127 369.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G(cation).2 E(\215ags.)102 381.6 Q -1 -.8(Tw o)127
(people using the same program \(e.g., submit\) are considered "dif)3.518 F
.219(ferent" so that duplicate)-.25 F .508(elimination doesn')102 409.8 R 3.008
(td)-.18 G .508(elete one of them.)187.836 409.8 R -.15(Fo)5.508 G 3.008(re).15
G .508(xample, tw)287.556 409.8 R 3.008(op)-.1 G .508(eople forw)345.412 409.8
R .508(arding their email to |submit)-.1 F(will be treated as tw)102 421.8 Q
2.5(or)-.1 G(ecipients.)193.27 421.8 Q .721(The mailstats program prints maile\
r names and gets the location of the sendmail.st \214le from)127 438 R
(/etc/sendmail.cf.)102 450 Q(Man)127 466.2 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(inor b)160.46 466.2
Q(ugs ha)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een \214x).15 E
(ed, such as handling of backslashes inside of quotes.)-.15 E 2.5(Ah)127 482.4
S(ook has been added to allo)141.72 482.4 Q 2.5(wr)-.25 G -.25(ew)260.89 482.4
S(riting of local addresses after aliasing.).25 E F0 2.5(3. FUTURE)72 506.4 R
-.1(WO)2.5 G(RK).1 E F1 1.719(The pre)112 522.6 R 1.719
(vious section describes)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)4.219 E F1
1.719(as of v)4.219 F 1.719(ersion 8.6.6.)-.15 F 1.718
(There is still much to be done.)6.719 F(Some high points are described belo)87
534.6 Q 3.8 -.65(w. T)-.25 H(his list is by no means e).65 E(xhausti)-.15 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F0 2.5(3.1. Full)87 558.6 R(MIME Support)2.5 E F1
(Currently)127 574.8 Q F2(sendmail)3.305 E F1 .805(only supports se)3.305 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.305(nb).15 G .805(it MIME messages.)297.005 574.8 R .806
(Although it can pass eight bit)5.805 F .371(MIME messages, it cannot adv)102
586.8 R .371(ertise that f)-.15 F .37
(act because the standards say that the mail agent must be)-.1 F .26
(able to do 8- to 7-bit con)102 598.8 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .26(rsion to ha).15 F
.561 -.15(ve f)-.2 H .261(ull 8-bit support.).15 F .261(This requires f)5.261 F
.261(ar more e)-.1 F(xtensi)-.15 E .561 -.15(ve m)-.25 H(odi\214-).15 E
(cation of the message body than is currently supported.)102 610.8 Q .464
(The best w)127 627 R .464(ay to do this w)-.1 F .463
(ould be to support the general concept of an e)-.1 F .463(xternal `)-.15 F
.463(`message \214l-)-.74 F(ter')102 639 Q 3.319('t)-.74 G .819
(hat could do arbitrary modi\214cations of the message.)124.569 639 R .819
(This w)5.819 F .82(ould allo)-.1 F 3.32(wM)-.25 G .82(IME con)427.37 639 R
-.15(ve)-.4 G .82(rsion as).15 F .63
(well as such things as automatic encryption of messages sent o)102 651 R -.15
(ve)-.15 G 3.129(re).15 G .629(xternal links.)379.264 651 R .629
(This is probably)5.629 F(an e)102 663 Q(xtremely non-tri)-.15 E(vial change.)
-.25 E F0 2.5(3.2. Ser)87 687 R(vice Switch Abstraction)-.1 E F1 .369(Most mod\
ern systems include some concept of a \231service switch\232 \212 for e)127
703.2 R .37(xample, to look up)-.15 F .984
(host names you can try DNS, NIS, NIS+, te)102 715.2 R .984
(xt tables, NetInfo, or other services in some arbitrary)-.15 F EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 287.15(10 Changes)72 60 R(in Sendmail V)2.5 E(ersion 8)
-1 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(order)102 96 Q 5.174(.T)-.55 G .174
(his is currently v)136.334 96 R .174(ery clumsy in)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
SF(sendmail)2.674 E F1 2.674(,w)C .174
(ith only limited control of the services pro)309.612 96 R(vided.)-.15 E F0 2.5
(3.3. Mor)87 120 R 2.5(eC)-.18 G(ontr)139.86 120 Q(ol of Local Addr)-.18 E
(esses)-.18 E F1 .943(Currently some addresses are declared as \231local\232 a\
nd are handled specially \212 for e)127 136.2 R(xample,)-.15 E(the)102 148.2 Q
3.455(ym)-.15 G .955(ay ha)130.305 148.2 R 1.255 -.15(ve .)-.2 H(forw).15 E
.956(ard \214les, may be translated into program calls or \214le deli)-.1 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G .956(ries, and so forth.).15 F .311(These should be brok)102
160.2 R .311(en out into separate \215ags to allo)-.1 F 2.811(wt)-.25 G .31
(he local system administrator to ha)330.29 160.2 R .61 -.15(ve m)-.2 H(ore).15
E(\214ne-grained control o)102 172.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(ro).15 G(perations.)
208.62 172.2 Q F0 2.5(3.4. Mor)87 196.2 R 2.5(eR)-.18 G(un-T)139.86 196.2 Q
(ime Con\214guration Options)-.18 E F1 .016(There are man)127 212.4 R 2.516(yo)
-.15 G .016(ptions that are con\214gured at compile time, such as the method o\
f \214le locking)197.148 212.4 R .719
(and the use of the IDENT protocol [RFC1413].)102 224.4 R .719
(These should be transfered to run time by adding)5.719 F(ne)102 236.4 Q 2.5
(wo)-.25 G(ptions.)125.91 236.4 Q(Similarly)127 252.6 Q 3.413(,s)-.65 G .913
(ome options are currently o)173.383 252.6 R -.15(ve)-.15 G .913
(rloaded, that is, a single option controls more than).15 F(one thing.)102
264.6 Q(These should probably be brok)5 E(en out into separate options.)-.1 E
(This implies that options will change from single characters to w)127 280.8 Q
(ords.)-.1 E F0 2.5(3.5. Mor)87 304.8 R 2.5(eC)-.18 G(on\214guration Contr)
139.86 304.8 Q(ol Ov)-.18 E(er Err)-.1 E(ors)-.18 E F1(Currently)127 321 Q
(he con\214guration \214le can generate an error message during parsing.)
173.609 321 R(Ho)6.148 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.948 -.4(r, i).15 H(t).4 E
.569(cannot tweak other operations, such as issuing a w)102 333 R .57
(arning message to the system postmaster)-.1 F 5.57(.S)-.55 G(imi-)487.33 333 Q
(larly)102 345 Q 2.558(,s)-.65 G .057
(ome errors should not be triggered if the)128.628 345 R 2.557(ya)-.15 G .057
(re in aliases during an alias \214le reb)302.237 345 R .057(uild, b)-.2 F .057
(ut should)-.2 F(be triggered if that alias is actually used.)102 357 Q F0 2.5
(3.6. Long)87 381 R -.92(Te)2.5 G(rm Host State).92 E F1(Currently)127 397.2 Q
(,)-.65 E F2(sendmail)3.731 E F1 1.231
(only remembers host status during a single queue run.)3.731 F 1.232
(This should be)6.232 F(con)102 409.2 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G .492(rted to long term s\
tatus stored on disk so it can be shared between instantiations of).15 F F2
(sendmail)2.991 E F1(.)A .866(Entries will ha)102 421.2 R 1.167 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
3.367(ob).15 G 3.367(et)190.666 421.2 S .867(imestamped so the)201.253 421.2 R
3.367(yc)-.15 G .867(an time out.)290.084 421.2 R .867(This will allo)5.867 F
(w)-.25 E F2(sendmail)3.367 E F1 .867(to implement)3.367 F -.15(ex)102 433.2 S
(ponential back).15 E(of)-.1 E 2.5(fo)-.25 G 2.5(nq)188.7 433.2 S
(ueue runs on a per)201.2 433.2 Q(-host basis.)-.2 E F0 2.5(3.7. Connection)87
457.2 R(Contr)2.5 E(ol)-.18 E F1 .819(Modern netw)127 473.4 R .819(orks ha)-.1
F 1.119 -.15(ve d)-.2 H(if).15 E .819(ferent types of connecti)-.25 F .818
(vity than the past.)-.25 F .818(In particular)5.818 F 3.318(,t)-.4 G .818
(he rising)468.462 473.4 R .636
(prominence of dialup IP has created certain challenges for automated serv)102
485.4 R 3.136(ers. It)-.15 F .636(is not uncommon)3.136 F .732(to try to mak)
102 497.4 R 3.232(eac)-.1 G .732(onnection to a host and ha)175.27 497.4 R
1.032 -.15(ve i)-.2 H 3.232(tf).15 G .732(ail, e)307.984 497.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.232(nt).15 G .732(hough if you tried ag)348.208 497.4 R .732(ain it w)-.05 F
.731(ould suc-)-.1 F 2.5(ceed. The)102 509.4 R
(connection management could be a bit cle)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rer to try to adapt to such situations.).15 E F0 2.5(3.8. Other)87 533.4 R
(Caching)2.5 E F1 .074(When you do an MX record lookup, the name serv)127 549.6
R .075(er automatically returns the IP addresses of)-.15 F .518
(the associated MX serv)102 561.6 R 3.018(ers. This)-.15 F .518
(information is currently ignored, and another query is done to get)3.018 F
(this information.)102 573.6 Q(It should be cached to a)5 E -.2(vo)-.2 G(id e)
.2 E(xcess name serv)-.15 E(er traf)-.15 E(\214c.)-.25 E F0 2.5(4. REFERENCES)
72 597.6 R F1([Allman83a])87 613.8 Q .137(\231Sendmail \212 An Internetw)123
625.8 R .137(ork Mail Router)-.1 F 4.037 -.7(.\232 E)-.55 H 2.638(.A).7 G 2.638
(llman. In)327.58 625.8 R F2 .138(Unix Pr)2.638 F -.1(og)-.45 G -.15(ra).1 G
(mmer).15 E(s')-.1 E 2.638(sM)-.4 G(anual,)463.582 625.8 Q F1(4.2)2.638 E(Berk)
123 637.8 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yS)-.15 G(oftw)166.91 637.8 Q(are Distrib)-.1 E
(ution, v)-.2 E(olume 2C.)-.2 E(August 1983.)5 E([Allman83b])87 654 Q .384
(\231Mail Systems and Addressing in 4.2BSD.)123 666 R 5.384<9a45>-.7 G 2.884
(.A)311.544 666 S .383(llman In)324.148 666 R F2 .383(UNICOM Confer)2.883 F
.383(ence Pr)-.37 F(oceedings.)-.45 E F1(San Die)123 678 Q(go, California.)-.15
E(January 1983.)5 E([Allman&Amos85])87 694.2 Q -.74(``)123 706.2 S 1.145
(Sendmail Re).74 F(visited.)-.25 E 5.125 -.74('' E)-.7 H 3.645(.A).74 G 1.145
(llman and M. Amos.)241.215 706.2 R(In)6.145 E F2 1.145
(Usenix Summer 1985 Confer)3.645 F 1.145(ence Pr)-.37 F(o-)-.45 E(ceedings.)123
718.2 Q F1(Portland, Ore)5 E 2.5(gon. June)-.15 F(1985.)2.5 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Changes in Sendmail V)72 60 Q(ersion 8)-1 E(11)494 60 Q
/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF([ID)87 96 Q(A87])-.4 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Electr)
1.97 E .983(onic Mail Addr)-.45 F .983(essing in Theory and Pr)-.37 F .982
(actice with the ID)-.15 F 3.482(AS)-.35 G .982(endmail Enhancement Kit)398.156
96 R .563(\(or The P)123 108 R(ostmaster')-.8 E 3.063(sL)-.4 G .563(ast W)
215.989 108 R .564(ill and T)-.55 F(estament\).)-.92 E F1 .564(Lennart Lo)5.564
F -.5(..)359.828 102 S 3.064(vstrand. Department)364.828 108 R .564
(of Computer)3.064 F 1.267(and Information Science, Uni)123 120 R -.15(ve)-.25
G 1.267(rsity of Link).15 F(o)-.1 E -.5(..)306.585 114 S 1.266
(ping, Sweden, Report no. LiTH-ID)311.585 120 R(A-Ex-8715.)-.4 E(May 1987.)123
132 Q([RFC821])87 148.2 Q F2(Simple Mail T)123 160.2 Q -.15(ra)-.55 G
(nsport Pr).15 E(otocol.)-.45 E F1(J. Postel.)5 E(August 1982.)5 E([RFC1123])87
176.4 Q F2(Requir)123 188.4 Q .163
(ements for Internet Hosts \212 Application and Support.)-.37 F F1 .164
(Internet Engineering T)5.164 F .164(ask F)-.8 F(orce,)-.15 E
(R. Braden, Editor)123 200.4 Q 5(.O)-.55 G(ctober 1989.)207.72 200.4 Q
([RFC1344])87 216.6 Q F2(Implications of MIME for Internet Mail Gate)123 228.6
Q(ways.)-.15 E F1(N. Borenstein.)5 E(June 1992.)5 E([RFC1413])87 244.8 Q F2
(Identi\214cation Pr)123 256.8 Q(otocol.)-.45 E F1(M. St. Johns.)5 E
(February 1993.)5 E([RFC1425])87 273 Q F2 2.352(SMTP Service Extensions.)123
285 R F1 2.352(J. Klensin, N. Freed, M. Rose, E. Stef)7.352 F 2.351
(ferud, and D. Crock)-.25 F(er)-.1 E(.)-.55 E(February 1993.)123 297 Q
([RFC1426])87 313.2 Q F2 .12(SMTP Service Extension for 8bit-MIMEtr)123 325.2 R
(ansport.)-.15 E F1 .12(J. Klensin, N. Freed, M. Rose, E. Stef)5.12 F(ferud,)
-.25 E(and D. Crock)123 337.2 Q(er)-.1 E 5(.F)-.55 G(ebruary 1993.)196.78 337.2
Q([RFC1427])87 353.4 Q F2 .813(SMTP Service Extension for Messa)123 365.4 R
1.013 -.1(ge S)-.1 H .813(ize Declar).1 F(ation.)-.15 E F1 .813
(J. Klensin, N. Freed, and K. Moore.)5.813 F(February 1993.)123 377.4 Q
([RFC1521])87 393.6 Q F2 2.033
(MIME \(Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions\) P)123 405.6 R 2.033
(art One: Mec)-.8 F 2.033(hanisms for Specifying and)-.15 F .933
(Describing the F)123 417.6 R .933(ormat of Internet Messa)-1.05 F 1.133 -.1
(ge B)-.1 H(odies.).1 E F1 .932(N. Borenstein and N. Freed.)5.932 F(September)
5.932 E(1993.)123 429.6 Q EP
projects / unix-history / blob