a.out (5) - assembler and link editor output
aardvark (6) - yet another exploration game
abort (3) - generate a fault
abs (3) - integer absolute value
ac (8) - login accounting
access (2) - determine accessibility of file
acct (2) - turn accounting on or off
acct (5) - execution accounting file
adduser (8) - procedure for adding new users
adventure (6) - an exploration game
alarm (2) - schedule signal after specified time
aliases (5) - aliases file for delivermail
aliens (6) - The alien invaders attack the earth
analyze (8) - Virtual UNIX postmortem crash analyzer
apl (1) - an apl interpreter
apropos (1) - locate commands by keyword lookup
ar (1) - archive and library maintainer
ar (5) - archive (library) file format
arcv (8) - convert archives to new format
arff, flcopy (8) - archiver and copier for floppy
arithmetic (6) - provide drill in number facts
ascii (7) - map of ASCII character set
assert (3X) - program verification
at (1) - execute commands at a later time
atof, atoi, atol (3) - convert ASCII to numbers
awk (1) - pattern scanning and processing language
backgammon (6) - the game
banner (6) - print large banner on printer
basename (1) - strip filename affixes
bc (1) - arbitrary-precision arithmetic language
bcd (6) - convert to antique media
biff (1) - be notified if mail arrives and who it is from
bk (4) - line discipline for machine-machine communication
boggle (6) - play the game of boggle
brk, sbrk, break (2) - change core allocation
calendar (1) - reminder service
call (1C) - ring a telephone
cat (1) - catenate and print
catman (8) - create the cat files for the manual
cb (1) - C program beautifier
cd (1) - change working directory
chase (6) - Try to escape to killer robots
chdir (2) - change current working directory
checknr (1) - check nroff/troff files
chess (6) - the game of chess
chfn (1) - change full name of user
ching, fortune (6) - the book of changes and other cookies
chmod (2) - change mode of file
chown (2) - change owner and group of a file
chown, chgrp (8) - change owner or group
chsh (1) - change default login shell
cifplot (1) - CIF interpreter and plotter
clear (1) - clear terminal screen
cmp (1) - compare two files
col (1) - filter reverse line feeds
colcrt (1) - filter nroff output for CRT previewing
colrm (1) - remove columns from a file
comm (1) - select or reject lines common to two sorted files
compact, uncompact, ccat (1) - compress and uncompress files, and cat them
config (8) - Build system configuration files
cons (4) - console interface
core (5) - format of memory image file
crash (8) - what happens when the system crashes
creat (2) - create a new file
cribbage (6) - the card game cribbage
crypt (1) - encode/decode
crypt, setkey, encrypt (3) - DES encryption
csh (1) - a shell (command interpreter) with C-like syntax
ct (4) - phototypesetter interface
ctags (1) - create a tags file
ctime, localtime, gmtime, asctime, timezone (3) - convert date and time to ASCII
curses (3) - screen functions with ``optimal'' cursor motion
date (1) - print and set the date
dbminit, fetch, store, delete, firstkey, nextkey (3X) - data base subroutines
dcheck (8) - file system directory consistency check
dd (1) - convert and copy a file
delivermail (8) - deliver mail to arbitrary people
deroff (1) - remove nroff, troff, tbl and eqn constructs
dh/dm (4) - DH-11/DM-11 communications multiplexer
diction,explain (1) - print wordy sentences; thesaurus for diction
diction,explain (1) - print wordy sentences; thesaurus for diction
diff (1) - differential file and directory comparator
diff3 (1) - 3-way differential file comparison
dir (5) - format of directories
dmesg (8) - collect system diagnostic messages to form error log
du (1) - summarize disk usage
dump (8) - incremental file system dump
dump, ddate (5) - incremental dump format
dumpdir (8) - print the names of files on a dump tape
dup, dup2 (2) - duplicate an open file descriptor
dz (4) - DZ-11 communications multiplexer
echo (1) - echo arguments
ecvt, fcvt, gcvt (3) - output conversion
efl (1) - Extended Fortran Language
end, etext, edata (3) - last locations in program
environ (5) - user environment
eqn, neqn, checkeq (1) - typeset mathematics
eqnchar (7) - special character definitions for eqn
error (1) - analyze and disperse compiler error messages
ex, edit (1) - text editor
execl, execv, execle, execve, execlp, execvp, exec, exece, environ (2) - execute a file
exit (2) - terminate process
exp, log, log10, pow, sqrt (3M) - exponential, logarithm, power, square root
expand, unexpand (1) - expand tabs to spaces, and vice versa
expr (1) - evaluate arguments as an expression
eyacc (1) - modified yacc allowing much improved error recovery
f77 (1) - Fortran 77 compiler
fabs, floor, ceil (3M) - absolute value, floor, ceiling functions
fclose, fflush (3S) - close or flush a stream
feof, ferror, clearerr, fileno (3S) - stream status inquiries
file (1) - determine file type
filsys, flblk, ino (5) - format of file system volume
finger (1) - user information lookup program
fish (6) - play ``Go Fish''
fl (4) - floppy interface
fmt (1) - simple text formatter
fold (1) - fold long lines for finite width output device
fopen, freopen, fdopen (3S) - open a stream
fork (2) - spawn new process
format (8) - how to format disks
fortune (6) - print a random, hopefully interesting, adage
fread, fwrite (3S) - buffered binary input/output
frexp, ldexp, modf (3) - split into mantissa and exponent
from (1) - who is my mail from?
fsck (8) - file system consistency check and interactive repair
fseek, ftell, rewind (3S) - reposition a stream
fstab (5) - static information about the filesystems
gamma (3M) - log gamma function
getarg, iargc (3F) - command arguments to Fortran
getc, getchar, fgetc, getw (3S) - get character or word from stream
getenv (3) - value for environment name
getfsent, getfsspec, getfsfile, setfsent, endfsent (3) - get file system descriptor file entry
getgrent, getgrgid, getgrnam, setgrent, endgrent (3) - get group file entry
getlogin (3) - get login name
getpass (3) - read a password
getpid (2) - get process identification
getpw (3) - get name from uid
getpwent, getpwuid, getpwnam, setpwent, endpwent (3) - get password file entry
gets (1) - get a string from standard input
gets, fgets (3S) - get a string from a stream
getty (8) - set terminal mode
getuid, getgid, geteuid, getegid (2) - get user and group identity
graph (1G) - draw a graph
greek (7) - graphics for extended TTY-37 type-box
grep, egrep, fgrep (1) - search a file for a pattern
halt (8) - stop the processor
hangman (6) - Computer version of the game hangman
head (1) - give first few lines
hier (7) - file system hierarchy
hk (4) - RK6-11/RK07 moving head disk
hp (4) - RP06, RM03, RM05, RM80 moving-head disk
ht (4) - TM-03/TE-16,TU-45,TU-77 MASSBUS magtape interface
hypot, cabs (3M) - Euclidean distance
icheck (8) - file system storage consistency check
init (8) - process control initialization
intro (1) - introduction to commands
intro (3) - introduction to library functions
intro (4) - introduction to special files
intro, errno (2) - introduction to system calls and error numbers
ioctl, stty, gtty (2) - control device
iostat (1) - report I/O statistics
isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, iscntrl, isascii (3) - character classification
j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn (3M) - bessel functions
jobs (3J) - summary of job control facilities
join (1) - relational database operator
kill (1) - terminate a process with extreme prejudice
kill (2) - send signal to a process
killpg (2J) - send signal to a process or a process group
l3tol, ltol3 (3) - convert between 3-byte integers and long integers
last (1) - indicate last logins of users and teletypes
lastcomm (1) - show last commands executed in reverse order
learn (1) - computer aided instruction about UNIX
leave (1) - remind you when you have to leave
lex (1) - generator of lexical analysis programs
link (2) - link to a file
lint (1) - a C program verifier
lisp (1) - lisp interpreter
liszt (1) - compile a Franz Lisp program
lock (1) - reserve a terminal
look (1) - find lines in a sorted list
lorder (1) - find ordering relation for an object library
lpr, lprm, lpq, print (1) - line printer spooler
ls (1) - list contents of directory
lseek, tell (2) - move read/write pointer
lxref (1) - lisp cross reference program
mail (1) - send and receive mail
mail (1) - send or receive mail among users
mail (4) - pseudo-device for mail notification
make (1) - maintain program groups
makekey (8) - generate encryption key
malloc, free, realloc, calloc (3) - main memory allocator
man (1) - find manual information by keywords; print out the manual
man (7) - macros to typeset manual
me (7) - macros for formatting papers
mem, kmem (4) - main memory
mesg (1) - permit or deny messages
mille (6) - play Mille Bournes
mkdir (1) - make a directory
mkfs (8) - construct a file system
mklost+found (8) - make a lost+found directory for fsck
mknod (2) - make a directory or a special file
mknod (8) - build special file
mkstr (1) - create an error message file by massaging C source
mktemp (3) - make a unique file name
monitor (3) - prepare execution profile
monop (6) - Monopoly game
more, page (1) - file perusal filter for crt viewing
mount, umount (2) - mount or remove file system
mount, umount (8) - mount and dismount file system
mpx (2) - create and manipulate multiplexed files
mpxio (5) - multiplexed i/o
ms (7) - macros for formatting manuscripts
msgs (1) - system messages and junk mail program
mt (1) - Magnetic tape manipulating program
mt (4) - UNIX magtape interface
mtab (5) - mounted file system table
mv (1) - move or rename files
ncheck (8) - generate names from i-numbers
net (1) - execute a command on a remote machine
netcp (1) - remote copy of files through the net
netlog (1) - print the last few lines of the network log file
netlogin (1) - provide login name and password for a remote machine
netlpr (1) - use a remote lineprinter through the net
netmail (1) - read mail on a remote machine over the network
netq (1) - print contents of network queue
netrm (1) - remove a command from the network queue
nettroff (1) - troff to the phototypesetter over the network
newaliases (1) - rebuild the data base for the mail aliases file
newcsh (1) - description of new csh features (over oldcsh)
newgrp (1) - log in to a new group
newtty (4) - summary of the ``new'' tty driver
nice (2) - set program priority
nice, nohup (1) - run a command at low priority (\fIsh\fR only)
nlist (3) - get entries from name list
number (6) - convert Arabic numerals to English
old (8) - directory of old programs
open (2) - open for reading or writing
passwd (1) - change login password
passwd (5) - password file
pause (2) - stop until signal
perror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr (3) - system error messages
pi (1) - Pascal interpreter code translator
pipe (2) - create an interprocess channel
pix (1) - Pascal interpreter and executor
plot (1G) - graphics filters
plot (5) - graphics interface
plot: openpl et al. (3X) - graphics interface
popen, pclose (3S) - initiate I/O to/from a process
print (1) - pr to the line printer
printenv (1) - print out the environment
printf, fprintf, sprintf (3S) - formatted output conversion
prmail (1) - print out mail in the post office
prof (1) - display profile data
profil (2) - execution time profile
pstat (8) - print system facts
pti (1) - phototypesetter interpreter
ptrace (2) - process trace
putc, putchar, fputc, putw (3S) - put character or word on a stream
puts, fputs (3S) - put a string on a stream
pwd (1) - working directory name
px (1) - Pascal interpreter
pxp (1) - Pascal execution profiler
pxref (1) - Pascal cross-reference program
quiz (6) - test your knowledge
quot (8) - summarize file system ownership
rand, srand (3) - random number generator
ranlib (1) - convert archives to random libraries
ratfor (1) - rational Fortran dialect
rc (8) - command script for auto-reboot and daemons
re_comp, re_exec (3) - regular expression handler
read (2) - read from file
reboot (2V) - reboot system or halt processor
reboot (8) - UNIX bootstrapping procedures
refer, lookbib (1) - find and insert literature references in documents
renice (8) - alter priority of running process by changing nice
reset (1) - reset the teletype bits to a sensible state
restor (8) - incremental file system restore
rev (1) - reverse lines of a file
rewind (1) - rewind tape drive
rm, rmdir (1) - remove (unlink) files
rogue (6) - Exploring The Dungeons of Doom
rv (4) - Racal/Vadic ACU interface
sa, accton (8) - system accounting
savecore (8) - Save a core dump of the operating system
scanf, fscanf, sscanf (3S) - formatted input conversion
script (1) - make typescript of terminal session
sdb (1) - symbolic debugger
see (1) - see what a file has in it
setbuf (3S) - assign buffering to a stream
setjmp, longjmp (3) - non-local goto
setpgrp, getpgrp (2J) - set/get process group
setuid, setgid (2) - set user and group ID
sh, for, case, if, while, \fB:\fP, \fB.\fP, break, continue, cd, eval, exec, exit, export, login, newgrp, read, readonly, set, shift, times, trap, umask, wait (1) - command language
shutdown (8) - close down the system at a given time
signal (2) - catch or ignore signals
sigset, signal, sighold, sigignore, sigrelse, sigpause (3) - manage signals
sigsys (2J) - catch or ignore signals
sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 (3M) - trigonometric functions
sinh, cosh, tanh (3M) - hyperbolic functions
size (1) - size of an object file
sleep (1) - suspend execution for an interval
sleep (3) - suspend execution for interval
snake, snscore (6) - display chase game
soelim (1) - eliminate \&.so's from nroff input
sort (1) - sort or merge files
spell, spellin, spellout (1) - find spelling errors
spline (1G) - interpolate smooth curve
split (1) - split a file into pieces
stab (5) - symbol table types
stat, fstat (2) - get file status
stdio (3S) - standard buffered input/output package
sticky (8) - executable files with persistent text
strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index, rindex (3) - string operations
strings (1) - find the printable strings in a object, or other binary, file
strip (1) - remove symbols and relocation bits
struct (1) - structure Fortran programs
stty (1) - set terminal options
style (1) - analyze surface characteristics of a document
su (1) - substitute user id temporarily
sum (1) - sum and count blocks in a file
swapon (8) - specify additional device for paging and swapping
symorder (1) - rearrange name list
sync (2) - update super-block
sync (8) - update the super block
syscall (2) - indirect system call
system (3) - issue a shell command
tabs (1) - set terminal tabs
tail (1) - deliver the last part of a file
tbl (1) - format tables for nroff or troff
tc (1) - photypesetter simulator
termcap (5) - terminal capability data base
terminals (7) - conventional names
test (1) - condition command
tgetent, tgetnum, tgetflag, tgetstr, tgoto, tputs (3) - terminal independent operation routines
time (1) - time a command
time, ftime (2) - get date and time
times (2) - get process times
tk (1) - paginator for the Tektronix 4014
tm (4) - TM-11/TE-10 magtape interface
touch (1) - update date last modified of a file
tp (1) - manipulate tape archive
tp (5) - DEC/mag tape formats
tr (1) - translate characters
trman (1) - translate version 6 manual macros to version 7 macros
troff, nroff (1) - text formatting and typesetting
true, false (1) - provide truth values
ts (4) - TS-11 magtape interface
tset (1) - set terminal modes
tsort (1) - topological sort
tty (1) - get terminal name
tty (4) - general terminal interface
ttyname, isatty, ttyslot (3) - find name of a terminal
ttys (5) - terminal initialization data
ttytype (5) - data base of terminal types by port
types (5) - primitive system data types
umask (2) - set file creation mode mask
ungetc (3S) - push character back into input stream
uniq (1) - report repeated lines in a file
units (1) - conversion program
unlink (2) - remove directory entry
up (4) - unibus storage module controller/drives
update (8) - periodically update the super block
uptime (1) - show how long system has been up
users (1) - compact list of users who are on the system
utime (2) - set file times
utmp, wtmp (5) - login records
uuclean (1C) - uucp spool directory clean-up
uucp, uulog (1C) - unix to unix copy
uudiff (1C) - directory comparison between machines
uuencode (5) - format of an encoded uuencode file
uuencode,uudecode (1C) - encode/decode a binary file for tranmission via mail
uusend (1C) - send a file to a remote host
uux (1C) - unix to unix command execution
va (4) - Benson-Varian interface
vadvise (2V) - give advice to paging system
valloc (3) - aligned memory allocator
varargs (3) - variable argument list
vfont (5) - font formats for the Benson-Varian or Versatec
vfontinfo (1) - inspect and print out information about unix fonts
vfork (2V) - spawn new process in a virtual memory efficient way
vgrind (1) - grind nice listings of programs
vhangup (2V) - virtually ``hangup'' the current control terminal
vi (1) - screen oriented (visual) display editor based on ex
vipw (8) - edit the password file with vi
vlimit (2V) - control maximum system resource consumption
vmstat (1) - report virtual memory statistics
vp (4) - Versatec interface
vpac (8) - print raster printer/ploter accounting information
vpr, vprm, vpq, vprint (1) - raster printer/plotter spooler
vread (2V) - read virtually
vswapon (2V) - add a swap device for interleaved paging/swapping
vtimes (2V) - get information about resource utilization
vtroff (1) - troff to a raster plotter
vwrite (2V) - write (virtually) to file
w (1) - who is on and what they are doing
wait (1) - await completion of process
wait (2) - wait for process to terminate
wait3 (2J) - wait for process to terminate
wall (1) - write to all users
what (1) - show what versions of object modules were used to construct a file
whatis (1) - describe what a command is
whereis (1) - locate source, binary, and or manual for program
which (1) - locate a program file including aliases and paths (\fIcsh\fR only)
who (1) - who is on the system
whoami (1) - print effective current user id
worm (6) - Play the growing worm game
write (1) - write to another user
write (2) - write on a file
wtmp (5) - user login history
wump (6) - the game of hunt-the-wumpus
xsend, xget, enroll (1) - secret mail
xstr (1) - extract strings from C programs to implement shared strings
yacc (1) - yet another compiler-compiler
yes (1) - be repetitively affirmative
zork (6) - the game of dungeon
projects / unix-history / blob