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.ds LH "Installing/Operating \*(4B
.ds RH "Appendix A \- bootstrap details
APPENDIX A \- BOOTSTRAP DETAILS
This appendix contains pertinent files and numbers regarding the
bootstrapping procedure for \*(4B. You should never have to
look at this appendix. However, if there are problems in installing
the distribution on your machine, the material contained here may
Contents of the distribution tape(s)
The distribution normally consists of three 1600bpi 2400' magnetic
tapes or one 6250bpi 2400' magnetic tape.
The layout of the 1600bpi tapes is listed below. The 6250bpi
tape is in the same order, but is only on one tape.
The first tape contains the following files on it. All
tape files are blocked in 10 kilobytes records, except for the
first file on the first tape that has 512 byte records.
Tape file Records* Contents
one 210 8 bootstrap monitor programs and a
\fItp\fP\|(1) file containing \fIboot\fP, \fIformat\fP, and \fIcopy\fP
two 205 ``mini root'' file system
three 430 \fIdump\fP\|(8) of distribution root file system
four 3000 \fItar\fP\|(1) image of binaries and libraries in /usr
* The number of records in each tape file are approximate
and do not correspond to the actual tape.
The second tape contains the following files:
Tape file # Records Contents
one 720 \fItar\fP\|(1) image of /sys, including GENERIC system
two 2500 \fItar\fP\|(1) image of /usr/src
three 580 \fItar\fP\|(1) image of /usr/lib/vfont
The third tape contains the following files:
Tape file # Records Contents
one 3660 \fItar\fP\|(1) image of user contributed software
two 250 \fItar\fP\|(1) image of /usr/ingres
The distribution tape is made with the shell scripts located
in the directory /sys/dist. To build a distribution tape
one must first create a mini root file system with the \fIbuildmini\fP
# @(#)buildmini 4.7 (Berkeley) 6/23/85
newfs -s 4096 ${miniroot} ${minitype}
mount /dev/${miniroot} /mnt
cd /mnt; sh /sys/dist/get
script uses the \fIget\fP script to build the
# @(#)get 4.23 (Berkeley) 4/9/86
# Shell script to build a mini-root file system
# in preparation for building a distribution tape.
# The file system created here is image copied onto
# tape, then image copied onto disk as the "first"
# step in a cold boot of 4.2 systems.
echo You just '(almost)' destroyed the root
cp $DISTROOT/sys/GENERIC/vmunix .
rm -rf usr; mkdir usr usr/mdec
rm -rf sys; mkdir sys sys/floppy sys/cassette sys/consolerl
cp $DISTROOT/etc/disktab etc
cp $DISTROOT/etc/newfs etc; strip etc/newfs
cp $DISTROOT/etc/mkfs etc; strip etc/mkfs
cp $DISTROOT/etc/restore etc; strip etc/restore
cp $DISTROOT/etc/init etc; strip etc/init
cp $DISTROOT/etc/mount etc; strip etc/mount
cp $DISTROOT/etc/mknod etc; strip etc/mknod
cp $DISTROOT/etc/fsck etc; strip etc/fsck
cp $DISTROOT/etc/umount etc; strip etc/umount
cp $DISTROOT/etc/arff etc; strip etc/arff
cp $DISTROOT/etc/flcopy etc; strip etc/flcopy
cp $DISTROOT/bin/mt bin; strip bin/mt
cp $DISTROOT/bin/ls bin; strip bin/ls
cp $DISTROOT/bin/sh bin; strip bin/sh
cp $DISTROOT/bin/mv bin; strip bin/mv
cp $DISTROOT/bin/sync bin; strip bin/sync
cp $DISTROOT/bin/cat bin; strip bin/cat
cp $DISTROOT/bin/mkdir bin; strip bin/mkdir
cp $DISTROOT/bin/stty bin; strip bin/stty; ln bin/stty bin/STTY
cp $DISTROOT/bin/echo bin; strip bin/echo
cp $DISTROOT/bin/rm bin; strip bin/rm
cp $DISTROOT/bin/cp bin; strip bin/cp
cp $DISTROOT/bin/expr bin; strip bin/expr
cp $DISTROOT/bin/[ bin; strip bin/[
cp $DISTROOT/bin/awk bin; strip bin/awk
cp $DISTROOT/bin/make bin; strip bin/make
cp $DISTROOT/usr/mdec/* usr/mdec
cp $DISTROOT/sys/floppy/[Ma-z0-9]* sys/floppy
cp $DISTROOT/sys/consolerl/[Ma-z0-9]* sys/consolerl
cp -r $DISTROOT/sys/cassette/[Ma-z0-9]* sys/cassette
cp $DISTROOT/sys/stand/boot boot
cp $DISTROOT/sys/stand/pcs750.bin pcs750.bin
cp $DISTROOT/.profile .profile
: ${disk?'Usage: disk=xx0 type=tt tape=yy xtr'}
: ${type?'Usage: disk=xx0 type=tt tape=yy xtr'}
: ${tape?'Usage: disk=xx0 type=tt tape=yy xtr'}
echo 'Build root file system'
echo 'Check the file system'
echo 'Restore the dump image of the root'
restore rsf 3 /dev/${tape}0
echo 'Root filesystem extracted'
echo 'If this is an 8650 or 8600, update the console rl02'
echo 'If this is a 780 or 785, update the floppy'
echo 'If this is a 730, update the cassette'
cp $DISTROOT/sys/dist/MAKEDEV dev
cp /dev/null dev/MAKEDEV.local
\&./MAKEDEV std hp0 hk0 up0 ra0 rb0
\&./MAKEDEV ts0; mv rmt12 ts0; rm *mt*;
\&./MAKEDEV tm0; mv rmt12 tm0; rm *mt*;
\&./MAKEDEV ht0; mv rmt12 ht0; rm *mt*;
\&./MAKEDEV ut0; mv rmt12 ut0; rm *mt*;
\&./MAKEDEV mt0; mv rmt4 xt0; rm *mt*; mv xt0 mt0
The mini root file system must have enough space to hold the
files found on a floppy or cassette.
Once a mini root file system is constructed, the \fImaketape\fP
script makes a distribution tape.
# @(#)maketape 4.27 (Berkeley) 10/17/85
# maketape [ 6250 | 1600 [ tapename [ remotetapemachine ] ] ]
if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then type=$1; fi
if [ $# -gt 1 ]; then tape=$2; fi
if [ $# -gt 2 ]; then remote=$3; tartape='-'; fi
trap "rm -f /tmp/tape.$$; exit" 0 1 2 3 13 15
$remote mt -t ${tape} rew
mount -r /dev/hp2a /c/nbsd
mount -r /dev/hp2g /c/nbsd/usr
tp cmf /tmp/tape.$$ boot copy format
echo "Build 1st level boot block file"
cat tsboot htboot tmboot mtboot utboot noboot noboot /tmp/tape.$$ | \e
$remote dd of=${tape} obs=512 conv=sync
echo "Add dump of mini-root file system"
eval dd if=/dev/r${miniroot} count=205 bs=20b conv=sync ${remote+'|'} \e
${remote-"of=$tape"} ${remote+'/usr/local/20b ">" $tape'}
echo "Add full dump of real file system"
/etc/${remote+r}dump 0uf $remote${remote+:}${tape} /c/nbsd
echo "Add tar image of /usr"
cd /nbsd/usr; eval tar cf ${tartape} adm bin dict doc games \e
guest hosts include lib local man mdec msgs new \e
preserve pub spool tmp ucb \e
${remote+'| $remote /usr/local/20b ">" $tape'}
echo "Done, rewinding first tape"
$remote mt -t ${tape} rew &
echo "Mount second tape and hit return when ready"
echo "(or type name of next tape drive)"
echo "Add tar image of system sources"
cd /nbsd/sys; eval tar cf ${tartape} . \e
${remote+'| $remote /usr/local/20b ">" $tape'}
echo "Add user source code"
cd /nbsd/usr/src; eval tar cf ${tartape} Makefile bin etc games \e
include lib local old ucb undoc usr.bin usr.lib \e
${remote+'| $remote /usr/local/20b ">" $tape'}
cd /usr/lib/vfont; eval tar cf ${tartape} . \e
${remote+'| $remote /usr/local/20b ">" $tape'}
echo "Done, rewinding second tape"
$remote mt -t ${tape} rew &
echo "Mount third tape and hit return when ready"
echo "(or type name of next tape drive)"
echo "Add user contributed software"
cd /nbsd/usr/src/new; eval tar cf ${tartape} * \e
${remote+'| $remote /usr/local/20b ">" $tape'}
cd /nbsd/usr/ingres; eval tar cf ${tartape} . \e
${remote+'| $remote /usr/local/20b ">" $tape'}
echo "Done, rewinding tape"
$remote mt -t ${tape} rew &
Summarizing then, to create a distribution tape you can
use the above scripts and the following commands.
(For 1600bpi tapes, the following will appear twice asking you to mount
\fBDone, rewinding first tape\fP
\fBMount second tape and hit return when ready\fP
(remove the first tape and place a fresh one on the drive)
\fBDone, rewinding second tape\fP
Control status register addresses
The distribution uses many standalone device drivers
that presume the location of a UNIBUS device's control status
The following table summarizes these values.
Device name Controller CSR address (octal)
All MASSBUS controllers are located at standard offsets
from the base address of the MASSBUS adapter register bank.
BI bus controllers are located automatically.
Generic system control status register addresses
version of the operating system supplied with the distribution
contains the UNIBUS devices listed below.
These devices will be recognized
if the appropriate control status registers respond at any of the
Device name Controller CSR addresses (octal)
tmscp DEC TU81, TMSCP 0174500
up EMULEX SC-21V 0176700, 0174400, 0176300
ra DEC UDA-50 0172150, 0172550, 0177550
dm DM11 equivalent 0170500
dh DH11 equivalent 0160020, 0160040
dhu DEC DHU11 0160440, 0160500
dz DEC DZ11 0160100, 0160110, ... 0160170
en Xerox 3MB ethernet 0161000
ex Excelan ethernet 0164344
il Interlan ethernet 0164000
If devices other than the above are located at any
of the addresses listed, the system may not bootstrap