icheck \- file system storage consistency check
builds a bit map of used blocks,
and compares this bit map against
the free list maintained on the file system.
If the file system is not specified,
a set of default file systems
The total number of files and the numbers of
regular, directory, block special and character special files.
The total number of blocks in use and the numbers of
single-, double-, and triple-indirect blocks and directory blocks.
The number of free blocks.
The number of blocks missing; i.e. not in any file
to ignore the actual free list and reconstruct a new one
by rewriting the super-block of the file system.
The file system should be dismounted while this is done;
if this is not possible (for example if
the root file system has to be salvaged)
care should be taken that the system is quiescent and that
it is rebooted immediately afterwards so that the old, bad in-core
copy of the super-block will not continue to be used.
the words in the super-block
which indicate the size of the free list and of the
If the super-block has been curdled
these words will have to be patched.
causes the normal output reports to be suppressed.
option is a list of block numbers;
whenever any of the named blocks turns up in a file,
a diagnostic is produced.
is faster if the raw version of the special file is used,
since it reads the i-list many blocks at a time.
Default file systems vary with installation.
and bad blocks (which lie outside the file system)
announces the difficulty, the i-number, and the kind of block involved.
If a read error is encountered,
the block number of the bad block is printed and
considers it to contain 0.
`Bad freeblock' means that
a block number outside the available space was encountered in the free list.
blocks were found in the free list which
duplicate blocks either in some file or in the earlier part of the free list.
is inherently two-pass in nature, extraneous diagnostics
may be produced if applied to active file systems.
It believes even preposterous super-blocks and
consequently can get core images.