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379.4 R .361(The con\214guration \214les)5.361 F(can be customized to w)102
391.4 Q(ork around this, b)-.1 E(ut it is more comple)-.2 E(x.)-.15 E 2.828(Ih)
127 407.6 S -2.25 -.2(av e)138.158 407.6 T(n').2 E 2.828(tt)-.18 G .328
(ested these yet on an isolated LAN en)168.226 407.6 R .328
(vironment with a single UUCP connection to)-.4 F 4.408(the outside w)102 419.6
R 6.908(orld. If)-.1 F 4.409(you are in such an en)6.908 F 4.409
(vironment, please send comments to send-)-.4 F(mail@CS.Berk)102 431.6 Q(ele)
-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU.).65 E .658
(Our con\214guration \214les are processed by)127 447.8 R F3(m4)3.158 E F1 .658
(to f)3.158 F .657(acilitate local customization; the directory)-.1 F F3(cf)
3.157 E F1 .396(of the)102 459.8 R F3(sendmail)2.896 E F1(distrib)2.896 E .396
(ution directory contains the source \214les.)-.2 F .396
(This directory contains se)5.396 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .397(ral sub-).15 F
(directories:)102 471.8 Q 61.73(cf Both)102 488 R .56
(site-dependent and site-independent descriptions of hosts.)3.06 F .56
(These can be lit-)5.56 F .445(eral host names \(e.g., \231ucb)174 500 R -.25
(va)-.15 G .445(x.mc\232\) when the hosts are g).25 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G
.445(ys or more general).1 F 3.589(descriptions \(such as \231tcpproto.mc\232 \
as a general description of an SMTP-)174 512 R .536(connected host or \231uucp\
proto.mc\232 as a general description of a UUCP-connected)174 524 R 3.291
(host\). Files)174 536 R(ending)3.291 E F0(.mc)3.291 E F1(\(`)3.291 E .791
(`Master Con\214guration')-.74 F .791('\) are the input descriptions; the)-.74
F 2.14(output is in the corresponding)174 548 R F0(.cf)4.64 E F1 4.64
(\214le. The)4.64 F 2.14(general structure of these \214les is)4.64 F
(described belo)174 560 Q -.65(w.)-.25 G 39.5(domain Site-dependent)102 576.2 R
.428(subdomain descriptions.)2.928 F .428(These are tied to the w)5.428 F .428
(ay your or)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.18 G(niza-).05 E .292(tion w)174 588.2 R .292
(ants to do addressing.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.292 G 2.792(re).15 G(xample,)313.122
588.2 Q F0(domain/cs.exposed.m4)2.792 E F1 .292(is our descrip-)2.792 F .443
(tion for hosts in the CS.Berk)174 600.2 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .443
(EDU subdomain that w).65 F .442(ant their indi)-.1 F .442(vidual host-)-.25 F
.962(name to be e)174 612.2 R .963(xternally visible;)-.15 F F0
(domain/cs.hidden.m4)3.463 E F1 .963(is the same e)3.463 F .963(xcept that the)
-.15 F 2.628(hostname is hidden \(e)174 624.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.628
(rything looks lik).15 F 5.128(ei)-.1 G 5.128(tc)362.038 624.2 S 2.627
(omes from CS.Berk)374.386 624.2 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\).).65 E
(These are referenced using the)174 636.2 Q/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(DOMAIN)2.5 E
F0(m4)2.5 E F1(macro in the)2.5 E F0(.mc)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E 41.74
(feature De\214nitions)102 652.4 R .728
(of speci\214c features that some particular host in your site might w)3.228 F
(ant.)-.1 E 2.467(These are referenced using the)174 664.4 R F4(FEA)4.966 E
(TURE)-.999 E F0(m4)4.966 E F1 4.966(macro. An)4.966 F -.15(ex)4.966 G 2.466
(ample feature is).15 F 1.316(use_cw_\214le \(which tells)174 676.4 R F3
(sendmail)3.816 E F1 1.317(to read an /etc/sendmail.cw \214le on startup to)
3.816 F .32 LW 76 686 72 686 DL 80 686 76 686 DL 84 686 80 686 DL 88 686 84 686
DL 92 686 88 686 DL 96 686 92 686 DL 100 686 96 686 DL 104 686 100 686 DL 108
686 104 686 DL 112 686 108 686 DL 116 686 112 686 DL 120 686 116 686 DL 124 686
120 686 DL 128 686 124 686 DL 132 686 128 686 DL 136 686 132 686 DL 140 686 136
686 DL 144 686 140 686 DL 148 686 144 686 DL 152 686 148 686 DL 156 686 152 686
DL 160 686 156 686 DL 164 686 160 686 DL 168 686 164 686 DL 172 686 168 686 DL
176 686 172 686 DL 180 686 176 686 DL 184 686 180 686 DL 188 686 184 686 DL 192
686 188 686 DL 196 686 192 686 DL 200 686 196 686 DL 204 686 200 686 DL 208 686
204 686 DL 212 686 208 686 DL 216 686 212 686 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)93.6
696.4 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(where you may ha)3.2 I .24 -.12(ve t)-.16 H 2(or)
.12 G(eplace \231mak)175.132 699.6 Q(e\232 with \231mak)-.08 E 2<65ad>-.08 G 2
(fM)267.452 699.6 S(ak)279.228 699.6 Q(e\214le.dist\232 as appropriate.)-.08 E
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-9)457.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(\214nd the set of local names\).)
174 96 Q 50.62(hack Local)102 112.2 R 1.886(hacks, referenced using the)4.387 F
/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(HA)4.386 E(CK)-.36 E F0(m4)4.386 E F1 4.386(macro. T)
4.386 F 1.886(ry to a)-.35 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.886(id these.).2 F(The)6.886 E
(point of ha)174 124.2 Q(ving them here is to mak)-.2 E 2.5(ei)-.1 G 2.5(tc)
325.91 124.2 S(lear that the)335.63 124.2 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(mell.)394.08 124.2 Q
56.72(m4 Site-independent)102 140.4 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(m4)2.538 E F1
.038(\(1\) include \214les that ha)B .338 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .038
(nformation common to all con\214gu-).15 F(ration \214les.)174 152.4 Q
(This can be thought of as a \231#include\232 directory)5 E(.)-.65 E 43.95
(mailer De\214nitions)102 168.6 R .918(of mailers, referenced using the)3.418 F
F2(MAILER)3.417 E F0(m4)3.417 E F1 3.417(macro. De\214ned)3.417 F(mailer)3.417
E(types in this distrib)174 180.6 Q(ution are f)-.2 E
(ax, local, smtp, uucp, and usenet.)-.1 E 43.39(ostype De\214nitions)102 196.8
R 1.156(describing v)3.656 F 1.157(arious operating system en)-.25 F 1.157
(vironments \(such as the loca-)-.4 F(tion of support \214les\).)174 208.8 Q
(These are referenced using the)5 E F2(OSTYPE)2.5 E F0(m4)2.5 E F1(macro.)2.5 E
60.61(sh Shell)102 225 R(\214les used by the)2.5 E F0(m4)2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)2.5 G
(ild process.).2 E -1.1(Yo)5 G 2.5(us)1.1 G(houldn')362.97 225 Q 2.5(th)-.18 G
-2.25 -.2(av e)404.18 225 T(to mess with these.)2.7 E 30.61(sitecon\214g Local)
102 241.2 R .49(site con\214guration information, such as UUCP connecti)2.99 F
(vity)-.25 E 5.49(.T)-.65 G(he)450.61 241.2 Q 2.99(yn)-.15 G(ormally)472.89
241.2 Q(contain lists of site information, for e)174 253.2 Q(xample:)-.15 E
(SITE\(contessa\))214 269.4 Q(SITE\(hoptoad\))214 281.4 Q(SITE\(nkainc\))214
293.4 Q(SITE\(well\))214 305.4 Q(The)174 321.6 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G
(re referenced using the SITECONFIG macro:)201.34 321.6 Q
(SITECONFIG\(site.con\214g.\214le, name_of_site, X\))214 337.8 Q(where)174 354
Q F3(X)2.703 E F1 .203(is the macro/class name to use.)2.703 F .204
(It can be U \(indicating locally connected)5.204 F(hosts\) or one of W)174 366
Q 2.5(,X)-.92 G 2.5(,o)259.73 366 S 2.5(rYf)269.73 366 S
(or up to three remote UUCP hubs.)288.61 366 Q .757(If you are in a ne)127
382.2 R 3.257(wd)-.25 G .757(omain \(e.g., a compan)214.042 382.2 R .756
(y\), you will probably w)-.15 F .756(ant to create a cf/domain)-.1 F .87
(\214le for your domain.)102 394.2 R .871
(This consists primarily of relay de\214nitions: for e)5.871 F .871
(xample, Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E(y')-.15 E 3.371(sd)-.55 G(omain)479 394.2 Q .16
(de\214nition de\214nes relays for BitNET)102 406.2 R 2.66(,C)-.74 G(SNET)
257.61 406.2 Q 2.66(,a)-.74 G .16(nd UUCP)291.47 406.2 R 5.16(.O)-1.11 G 2.66
(ft)344.57 406.2 S .16(hese, only the UUCP relay is particu-)353.34 406.2 R .46
(larly speci\214c to Berk)102 418.2 R(ele)-.1 E 4.26 -.65(y. A)-.15 H .46
(ll of these are internet-style domain names.).65 F .46(Please check to mak)
5.46 F 2.96(ec)-.1 G(er)493.1 418.2 Q(-)-.2 E(tain the)102 430.2 Q 2.5(ya)-.15
G(re reasonable for your domain.)143.51 430.2 Q 1.407(Subdomains at Berk)127
446.4 R(ele)-.1 E 3.907(ya)-.15 G 1.407
(re also represented in the cf/domain directory)235.681 446.4 R 6.406(.F)-.65 G
1.406(or e)439.408 446.4 R 1.406(xample, the)-.15 F 1.49(domain cs-e)102 458.4
R 1.491(xposed is the Computer Science subdomain with the local hostname sho)
-.15 F 1.491(wn to other)-.25 F 1.411(users; cs-hidden mak)102 470.4 R 1.411
(es users appear to be from the CS.Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 1.41
(EDU subdomain \(with no local).65 F 1.083(host information included\).)102
482.4 R -1.1(Yo)6.083 G 3.583(uw)1.1 G 1.083(ill probably ha)246.332 482.4 R
1.384 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 3.584(ou).15 G 1.084
(pdate this directory to be appropriate for)335.866 482.4 R(your domain.)102
494.4 Q -1.1(Yo)127 510.6 S 4.373(uw)1.1 G 1.873(ill ha)154.713 510.6 R 2.173
-.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.373(ou).15 G 1.873(se or create)207.482 510.6 R F0(.mc)4.372
E F1 1.872(\214les in the)4.372 F F3(cf/cf)4.372 E F1 1.872
(subdirectory for your hosts.)4.372 F 1.872(This is)6.872 F
(detailed in the cf/README \214le.)102 522.6 Q F0 2.5(1.3. Details)87 546.6 R
(of Installation Files)2.5 E F1
(This subsection describes the \214les that comprise the)127 562.8 Q F3
(sendmail)2.5 E F1(installation.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.1. /usr/sbin/sendmail)102
586.8 R F1 .08(The binary for)142 605 R F3(sendmail)2.58 E F1 .079
(is located in /usr/sbin)2.58 F/F4 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(2)326.708 601 Q F1 5.079
(.I)330.208 605 S 2.579(ts)341.117 605 S .079(hould be setuid root.)350.366 605
R -.15(Fo)5.079 G 2.579(rs).15 G .079(ecurity rea-)458.111 605 R(sons, /, /usr)
117 619 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(nd /usr/sbin should be o)171.6 619 Q
(wned by root, mode 755)-.25 E F4(3)364.4 615 Q F1(.)367.9 619 Q .32 LW 76 646
72 646 DL 80 646 76 646 DL 84 646 80 646 DL 88 646 84 646 DL 92 646 88 646 DL
96 646 92 646 DL 100 646 96 646 DL 104 646 100 646 DL 108 646 104 646 DL 112
646 108 646 DL 116 646 112 646 DL 120 646 116 646 DL 124 646 120 646 DL 128 646
124 646 DL 132 646 128 646 DL 136 646 132 646 DL 140 646 136 646 DL 144 646 140
646 DL 148 646 144 646 DL 152 646 148 646 DL 156 646 152 646 DL 160 646 156 646
DL 164 646 160 646 DL 168 646 164 646 DL 172 646 168 646 DL 176 646 172 646 DL
180 646 176 646 DL 184 646 180 646 DL 188 646 184 646 DL 192 646 188 646 DL 196
646 192 646 DL 200 646 196 646 DL 204 646 200 646 DL 208 646 204 646 DL 212 646
208 646 DL 216 646 212 646 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(2)93.6 656.4 Q/F6 8
/Times-Roman@0 SF .384(This is usually /usr/sbin on 4.4BSD and ne)3.2 J .384
(wer systems; man)-.2 F 2.385(ys)-.12 G .385(ystems install it in /usr/lib)
302.957 659.6 R 4.385(.I)-.32 G .385(understand it is in /usr/ucblib on)398.739
659.6 R(System V Release 4.)72 669.2 Q F5(3)93.6 679.6 Q F6 .149(Some v)3.2 J
.15(endors ship them o)-.12 F .15
(wned by bin; this creates a security hole that is not actually related to)-.2
F/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.15 E F6 4.15(.O)C .15(ther important di-)
447.26 682.8 R(rectories that should ha)72 692.4 Q .24 -.12(ve r)-.16 H
(estricti).12 E .24 -.12(ve o)-.2 H(wnerships and permissions are /bin, /usr/b\
in, /etc, /usr/etc, /lib, and /usr/lib)-.08 E(.)-.32 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-10 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(1.3.2. /etc/sendmail.cf)102 96 R/F1
10/Times-Roman@0 SF .025(This is the con\214guration \214le for)142 112.2 R/F2
10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.525 E F1 5.025(.T)C .025
(his is the only non-library \214le name compiled)321.335 112.2 R(into)117
126.2 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(4)171.17 122.2 Q F1 5(.S)174.67
126.2 S(ome older systems install it in)187.73 126.2 Q F0(/usr/lib/sendmail.cf)
2.5 E F1(.)A(If you w)142 142.4 Q(ant to mo)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H
(his \214le, change).15 E F2(sr)2.5 E(c/pathnames.h)-.37 E F1(.)A .721
(The con\214guration \214le is normally created using the distrib)142 158.6 R
.721(ution \214les described abo)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.72(.I).15 G(f)500.67
158.6 Q .64(you ha)117 170.6 R .94 -.15(ve a p)-.2 H .64
(articularly unusual system con\214guration you may need to create a special v)
(The format of this \214le is detailed in later sections of this document.)117
182.6 Q F0 2.5(1.3.3. /usr/bin/newaliases)102 206.6 R F1 1.59
(If you are running deli)142 222.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.589
(rmail, it is critical that the).15 F F2(ne)4.089 E(waliases)-.15 E F1 1.589
(command be replaced.)4.089 F(This can just be a link to)117 234.8 Q F2
(sendmail)2.5 E F1(:)A(rm \255f /usr/bin/ne)157 251 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E
(ln /usr/sbin/sendmail /usr/bin/ne)157 263 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E
(This can be installed in whate)117 279.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G
(earch path you prefer for your system.)254.91 279.2 Q F0 2.5(1.3.4. /v)102
303.2 R(ar/spool/mqueue)-.1 E F1 .217(The directory)142 319.4 R F2
(/var/spool/mqueue)2.717 E F1 .218(should be created to hold the mail queue.)
2.717 F .218(This directory)5.218 F(should be mode 700 and o)117 331.4 Q
(wned by root.)-.25 E(The actual path of this directory is de\214ned in the)142
347.6 Q F0(Q)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E
F0 2.5(1.3.5. /etc/aliases*)102 371.6 R F1 1.493
(The system aliases are held in \231/etc/aliases\232.)142 387.8 R 3.992(As)
6.492 G 1.492(ample is gi)350.01 387.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.992(ni).15 G 3.992
<6e99>417.696 387.8 S 1.492(lib/aliases\232 which)431.128 387.8 R
(includes some aliases which)117 399.8 Q F2(must)2.5 E F1(be de\214ned:)2.5 E
(cp lib/aliases /etc/aliases)157 416 Q F2(edit /etc/aliases)157 428 Q F1 -1.1
(Yo)117 444.2 S 2.5(us)1.1 G(hould e)139.51 444.2 Q(xtend this \214le with an)
-.15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(liases that are apropos to your system.)267.54 444.2 Q
(Normally)142 460.4 Q F2(sendmail)3.609 E F1 1.109(looks at a v)3.609 F 1.109
(ersion of these \214les maintained by the)-.15 F F2(dbm)3.609 E F1 1.11
(\(3\) or)1.666 F F2(db)3.61 E F1(\(3\))1.666 E 3.46(routines. These)117 472.4
R .96(are stored either in \231/etc/aliases.dir\232 and \231/etc/aliases.pag\
\232 or \231/etc/aliases.db\232)3.46 F 1.022
(depending on which database package you are using.)117 484.4 R 1.022
(These can initially be created as empty)6.022 F(\214les, b)117 496.4 Q(ut the)
-.2 E 2.5(yw)-.15 G(ill ha)180.54 496.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.5(ob).15 G 2.5
(ei)227.69 496.4 S(nitialized promptly)237.41 496.4 Q 5(.T)-.65 G
(hese should be mode 644:)326.76 496.4 Q(cp /de)157 512.6 Q
(v/null /etc/aliases.dir)-.25 E(cp /de)157 524.6 Q(v/null /etc/aliases.pag)-.25
E(chmod 644 /etc/aliases.*)157 536.6 Q(ne)157 548.6 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E
(The)117 564.8 Q F2(db)2.79 E F1 .29(routines preset the mode reasonably)2.79 F
2.79(,s)-.65 G 2.79(ot)301.68 564.8 S .29(his step can be skipped.)312.25 564.8
R .29(The actual path of this)5.29 F(\214le is de\214ned in the)117 576.8 Q F0
(A)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(1.3.6. /etc/r)102 600.8 R(c)-.18 E F1 .155
(It will be necessary to start up the)142 617 R F2(sendmail)2.655 E F1 .156
(daemon when your system reboots.)2.655 F .156(This dae-)5.156 F 1.538
(mon performs tw)117 629 R 4.037(of)-.1 G 1.537
(unctions: it listens on the SMTP sock)201.223 629 R 1.537
(et for connections \(to recei)-.1 F 1.837 -.15(ve m)-.25 H(ail).15 E .442(fro\
m a remote system\) and it processes the queue periodically to insure that mai\
l gets deli)117 641 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(red).15 E(when hosts come up.)117 653 Q
.32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL 88 669.2
84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2 96 669.2 DL 104
669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 669.2 DL 116 669.2 112
669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120 669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 669.2 DL
132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL 144 669.2
140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 669.2 152 669.2
DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 669.2 164 669.2 DL 172
669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 669.2 180
669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192 669.2 DL
200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204 669.2 DL 212 669.2
208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(4)93.6 679.6 Q/F5 8
(The system libraries can reference other \214les; in particular)3.2 J 2.589
(,s)-.32 G .589(ystem library subroutines that)294.805 682.8 R/F6 8
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.589 E F5 .589(calls probably reference)2.589 F F6
(/etc/passwd)72 692.4 Q F5(and)2 E F6(/etc/r)2 E(esolv)-.296 E(.conf)-.592 E F5
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-11)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .505(Add the follo)142 96 R .505(\
wing lines to \231/etc/rc\232 \(or \231/etc/rc.local\232 as appropriate\) in t\
he area where it)-.25 F(is starting up the daemons:)117 108 Q
(if [ \255f /usr/sbin/sendmail \255a \255f /etc/sendmail.cf ]; then)157 124.2 Q
(\(cd /v)193 136.2 Q(ar/spool/mqueue; rm \255f [lnx]f*\))-.25 E
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bd \255q30m &)193 148.2 Q(echo \255n ' sendmail' >/de)
193 160.2 Q(v/console)-.25 E<8c>157 172.2 Q .173
(The \231cd\232 and \231rm\232 commands insure that all lock \214les ha)117
188.4 R .474 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .174(een remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .174(d; e).15 F
.174(xtraneous lock \214les)-.15 F .005
(may be left around if the system goes do)117 200.4 R .004
(wn in the middle of processing a message.)-.25 F .004(The line that)5.004 F
2.293(actually in)117 212.4 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(s).1 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)4.793 E F1 2.293(has tw)4.793 F 4.793<6f8d>-.1 G
2.293(ags: \231\255bd\232 causes it to listen on the SMTP port, and)272.935
212.4 R(\231\255q30m\232 causes it to run the queue e)117 224.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25
G(ry half hour).15 E(.)-.55 E .379(Some people use a more comple)142 240.6 R
2.879(xs)-.15 G .379(tartup script, remo)285.214 240.6 R .378
(ving zero length qf \214les and df \214les)-.15 F
(for which there is no qf \214le.)117 252.6 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-12 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(#r)157 96 S
(emo)167.83 96 Q .3 -.15(ve z)-.15 H(ero length qf \214les).15 E(for qf)157 108
Q(\214le in qf*)-.25 E(do)157 120 Q(if [ \255r $qf)193 132 Q(\214le ])-.25 E
(then)193 144 Q(if [ ! \255s $qf)229 156 Q(\214le ])-.25 E(then)229 168 Q
(echo \255n " <zero: $qf)265 180 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E
(rm \255f $qf)265 192 Q(\214le)-.25 E<8c>229 204 Q<8c>193 216 Q(done)157 228 Q
2.5(#r)157 240 S(ename tf \214les to be qf if the qf does not e)167.83 240 Q
(xist)-.15 E(for tf)157 252 Q(\214le in tf*)-.25 E(do)157 264 Q(qf)193 276 Q
(\214le=`echo $tf)-.25 E(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/t/q/'`)-.55 E(if [ \255r $tf)
193 288 Q(\214le \255a ! \255f $qf)-.25 E(\214le ])-.25 E(then)193 300 Q
(echo \255n " <reco)229 312 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ring: $tf).15 E(\214le>" > /de)
-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E(mv $tf)229 324 Q(\214le $qf)-.25 E(\214le)-.25 E(else)
193 336 Q(echo \255n " <e)229 348 Q(xtra: $tf)-.15 E(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E
(v/console)-.25 E(rm \255f $tf)229 360 Q(\214le)-.25 E<8c>193 372 Q(done)157
384 Q 2.5(#r)157 396 S(emo)167.83 396 Q .3 -.15(ve d)-.15 H 2.5<668c>.15 G
(les with no corresponding qf \214les)213.08 396 Q(for df)157 408 Q
(\214le in df*)-.25 E(do)157 420 Q(qf)193 432 Q(\214le=`echo $df)-.25 E
(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/d/q/'`)-.55 E(if [ \255r $df)193 444 Q
(\214le \255a ! \255f $qf)-.25 E(\214le ])-.25 E(then)193 456 Q
(echo \255n " <incomplete: $df)229 468 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E
(mv $df)229 480 Q(\214le `echo $df)-.25 E(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/d/D/'`)-.55 E
<8c>193 492 Q(done)157 504 Q 2.5(#a)157 516 S(nnounce \214les that ha)168.94
516 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een sa).15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(dd).15 G
(uring disaster reco)314.32 516 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ry).15 E(for xf)157 528 Q
(\214le in [A-Z]f*)-.25 E(do)157 540 Q(echo \255n " <panic: $xf)193 552 Q
(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E(done)157 564 Q .755
(If you are not running a v)142 584.4 R .755(ersion of UNIX that supports Berk)
-.15 F(ele)-.1 E 3.256(yT)-.15 G(CP/IP)416.722 584.4 Q 3.256(,d)-1.11 G 3.256
(on)450.268 584.4 S .756(ot include)463.524 584.4 R(the)117 596.4 Q F0(\255bd)
2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.7. /usr/lib/sendmail.hf)102 620.4 R F1 2.078
(This is the help \214le used by the SMTP)142 636.6 R F0(HELP)4.578 E F1 4.578
(command. It)4.578 F 2.078(should be copied from)4.578 F
(\231lib/sendmail.hf\232:)117 648.6 Q(cp lib/sendmail.hf /usr/lib)157 664.8 Q
(The actual path of this \214le is de\214ned in the)117 681 Q F0(H)2.5 E F1
(option of the)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-13)452.9 60 Q 2.5(1.3.8. /etc/sendmail.st)102 96 R/F1 10/Times-Roman@0
SF 3.04(If you wish to collect statistics about your mail traf)142 112.2 R 3.04
(\214c, you should create the \214le)-.25 F(\231/etc/sendmail.st\232:)117 124.2
Q(cp /de)157 140.4 Q(v/null /etc/sendmail.st)-.25 E(chmod 666 /etc/sendmail.st)
157 152.4 Q .716(This \214le does not gro)117 168.6 R 4.516 -.65(w. I)-.25 H
3.216(ti).65 G 3.216(sp)231.506 168.6 S .716
(rinted with the program \231mailstats/mailstats.c.)243.612 168.6 R 5.715<9a54>
-.7 G .715(he actual path)447.03 168.6 R(of this \214le is de\214ned in the)117
180.6 Q F0(S)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail.cf)
2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.9. /usr/bin/newaliases)102 204.6 R F1(If)142
220.8 Q F2(sendmail)3.255 E F1 .755(is in)3.255 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
3.255(da).1 G 3.255<7399>240.42 220.8 S(ne)252.005 220.8 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G
(liases,).1 E 3.255<9a69>-.7 G 3.255(tw)307.25 220.8 S .755(ill simulate the)
320.505 220.8 R F0(\255bi)3.255 E F1 .756(\215ag \(i.e., will reb)3.256 F .756
(uild the)-.2 F(alias database; see belo)117 232.8 Q 2.5(w\). This)-.25 F
(should be a link to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.10. /usr/bin/mailq)
102 256.8 R F1(If)142 273 Q F2(sendmail)3.44 E F1 .94(is in)3.44 F -.2(vo)-.4 G
-.1(ke).2 G 3.44(da).1 G 3.44<7399>241.16 273 S(mailq,)252.93 273 Q 3.439<9a69>
-.7 G 3.439(tw)288.169 273 S .939(ill simulate the)301.608 273 R F0(\255bp)
3.439 E F1 .939(\215ag \(i.e.,)3.439 F F2(sendmail)3.439 E F1 .939(will print)
3.439 F(the contents of the mail queue; see belo)117 285 Q 2.5(w\). This)-.25 F
(should be a link to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)2.5 E F0 2.5(2. NORMAL)72 309 R(OPERA)
2.5 E(TIONS)-.95 E 2.5(2.1. The)87 333 R(System Log)2.5 E F1
(The system log is supported by the)127 349.2 Q F2(syslo)2.5 E(gd)-.1 E F1
(\(8\) program.)1.666 E F0 2.5(2.1.1. F)102 373.2 R(ormat)-.25 E F1 .574(Each \
line in the system log consists of a timestamp, the name of the machine that g\
ener)142 389.4 R(-)-.2 E .849(ated it \(for logging from se)117 401.4 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G .849(ral machines o).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.349(rt).15 G .848
(he local area netw)316.942 401.4 R .848(ork\), the w)-.1 F .848
(ord \231sendmail:\232,)-.1 F(and a message.)117 413.4 Q F0 2.5(2.1.2. Le)102
437.4 R -.1(ve)-.15 G(ls).1 E F1 .204(If you ha)142 453.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G F2
(syslo)2.854 E(gd)-.1 E F1 .204(\(8\) or an equi)1.666 F -.25(va)-.25 G .205
(lent installed, you will be able to do logging.).25 F .205(There is)5.205 F
2.788(al)117 465.6 S(ar)127.008 465.6 Q .287
(ge amount of information that can be logged.)-.18 F .287
(The log is arranged as a succession of le)5.287 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls.).15 E .65
(At the lo)117 477.6 R .65(west le)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.15(lo).15 G .65
(nly e)201.72 477.6 R .651(xtremely strange situations are logged.)-.15 F .651
(At the highest le)5.651 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .651(l, e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.151
(nt).15 G(he)494.56 477.6 Q .826(most mundane and uninteresting e)117 489.6 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G .825(nts are recorded for posterity).15 F 5.825(.A)-.65 G 3.325
(sac)400.27 489.6 S(on)419.69 489.6 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G .825(ntion, log le).15 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G(ls).15 E .2
(under ten are considered generally \231useful;\232 log le)117 501.6 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G .201(ls abo).15 F .501 -.15(ve 6)-.15 H 2.701(4a).15 G .201(re reserv)
381.566 501.6 R .201(ed for deb)-.15 F .201(ugging pur)-.2 F(-)-.2 E 2.5
(poses. Le)117 513.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls from 11\25564 are reserv).15 E
(ed for v)-.15 E(erbose information that some sites might w)-.15 E(ant.)-.1 E
2.5(Ac)142 529.8 S(omplete description of the log le)156.16 529.8 Q -.15(ve)
-.25 G(ls is gi).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ns)340.35 529.8 S
(ection 4.6.)351.74 529.8 Q F0 2.5(2.2. The)87 553.8 R(Mail Queue)2.5 E F1 .263
(The mail queue should be processed transparently)127 570 R 5.262(.H)-.65 G
-.25(ow)342.868 570 S -2.15 -.25(ev e).25 H 1.062 -.4(r, y).25 H .262
(ou may \214nd that manual inter).4 F(-)-.2 E -.15(ve)102 582 S .081
(ntion is sometimes necessary).15 F 5.081(.F)-.65 G .081(or e)240.254 582 R
.081(xample, if a major host is do)-.15 F .081
(wn for a period of time the queue)-.25 F .268(may become clogged.)102 594 R
(Although)5.268 E F2(sendmail)2.768 E F1 .268(ought to reco)2.768 F -.15(ve)
-.15 G 2.768(rg).15 G .268(racefully when the host comes up, you)348.254 594 R
(may \214nd performance unacceptably bad in the meantime.)102 606 Q F0 2.5
(2.2.1. Printing)102 630 R(the queue)2.5 E F1 .526
(The contents of the queue can be printed using the)142 646.2 R F2(mailq)3.026
E F1 .526(command \(or by specifying the)3.026 F F0(\255bp)117 658.2 Q F1
(\215ag to)2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(\):)A(mailq)157 674.4 Q 1.673
(This will produce a listing of the queue id')117 690.6 R 1.673
(s, the size of the message, the date the message)-.55 F
(entered the queue, and the sender and recipients.)117 702.6 Q EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-14 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(2.2.2. F)102 96 R(or)-.25 E
(cing the queue)-.18 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)142 112.2 Q/F2 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.137(should run the queue automatically at interv)3.637 F
3.638(als. The)-.25 F 1.138(algorithm is to read and)3.638 F .355
(sort the queue, and then to attempt to process all jobs in order)117 124.2 R
5.355(.W)-.55 G .355(hen it attempts to run the job,)384.37 124.2 R F1
(sendmail)117 136.2 Q F2(\214rst checks to see if the job is lock)2.5 E 2.5
(ed. If)-.1 F(so, it ignores the job)2.5 E(.)-.4 E .338
(There is no attempt to insure that only one queue processor e)142 152.4 R .338
(xists at an)-.15 F 2.838(yt)-.15 G .339(ime, since there)440.282 152.4 R .095
(is no guarantee that a job cannot tak)117 164.4 R 2.595(ef)-.1 G(ore)272.07
164.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.595(rt).15 G 2.595(op)302.585 164.4 S .094
(rocess \(ho)315.18 164.4 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G F1(sendmail)
2.994 E F2 .094(does include heuris-)2.594 F 1.086
(tics to try to abort jobs that are taking absurd amounts of time; technically)
117 176.4 R 3.587(,t)-.65 G 1.087(his violates RFC)435.146 176.4 R .462(821, b)
117 188.4 R .461(ut is blessed by RFC 1123\).)-.2 F .461
(Due to the locking algorithm, it is impossible for one job to)5.461 F 1.086
(freeze the entire queue.)117 200.4 R(Ho)6.086 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.886
-.4(r, a).15 H 3.586(nu).4 G(ncooperati)279.346 200.4 Q 1.386 -.15(ve r)-.25 H
1.086(ecipient host or a program recipient that).15 F(ne)117 212.4 Q -.15(ve)
-.25 G 3.351(rr).15 G .851(eturns can accumulate man)145.491 212.4 R 3.351(yp)
-.15 G .851(rocesses in your system.)269.825 212.4 R(Unfortunately)5.851 E
3.351(,t)-.65 G .85(here is no com-)439.52 212.4 R(pletely general w)117 224.4
Q(ay to solv)-.1 E 2.5(et)-.15 G(his.)234.23 224.4 Q .082
(In some cases, you may \214nd that a major host going do)142 240.6 R .083
(wn for a couple of days may create)-.25 F 2.925(ap)117 252.6 S(rohibiti)
129.365 252.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .425(ly lar).15 F .425(ge queue.)-.18 F .424
(This will result in)5.425 F F1(sendmail)2.924 E F2 .424
(spending an inordinate amount of time)2.924 F 1.084(sorting the queue.)117
264.6 R 1.084(This situation can be \214x)6.084 F 1.084(ed by mo)-.15 F 1.085
(ving the queue to a temporary place and)-.15 F .023(creating a ne)117 276.6 R
2.523(wq)-.25 G 2.523(ueue. The)182.629 276.6 R .022
(old queue can be run later when the of)2.523 F .022
(fending host returns to service.)-.25 F 1.6 -.8(To d)142 292.8 T 2.5(ot).8 G
(his, it is acceptable to mo)170.09 292.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H
(he entire queue directory:).15 E(cd /v)157 309 Q(ar/spool)-.25 E
(mv mqueue omqueue; mkdir mqueue; chmod 700 mqueue)157 321 Q -1.1(Yo)117 337.2
S 2.708(us)1.1 G .208(hould then kill the e)139.718 337.2 R .209
(xisting daemon \(since it will still be processing in the old queue direc-)
-.15 F(tory\) and create a ne)117 349.2 Q 2.5(wd)-.25 G(aemon.)213.1 349.2 Q
1.6 -.8(To r)142 365.4 T(un the old mail queue, run the follo).8 E
(wing command:)-.25 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oQ/v)157 381.6 Q
(ar/spool/omqueue \255q)-.25 E(The)117 397.8 Q F0(\255oQ)2.868 E F2 .367
(\215ag speci\214es an alternate queue directory and the)2.868 F F0<ad71>2.867
E F2 .367(\215ag says to just run e)2.867 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .367(ry job in).15 F
.593(the queue.)117 409.8 R .593(If you ha)5.593 F .893 -.15(ve a t)-.2 H
(endenc).15 E 3.093(yt)-.15 G -2.1 -.25(ow a)263.111 409.8 T .593(rd v).25 F
-.1(oy)-.2 G .593(eurism, you can use the).1 F F0<ad76>3.094 E F2 .594
(\215ag to w)3.094 F .594(atch what is)-.1 F(going on.)117 421.8 Q
(When the queue is \214nally emptied, you can remo)142 438 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.15
H(he directory:).15 E(rmdir /v)157 454.2 Q(ar/spool/omqueue)-.25 E F0 2.5
(2.3. The)87 482.4 R(Alias Database)2.5 E F2 .361(The alias database e)127
498.6 R .361(xists in tw)-.15 F 2.861(of)-.1 G 2.861(orms. One)261.116 498.6 R
.361(is a te)2.861 F .36(xt form, maintained in the \214le)-.15 F F1
(/etc/aliases.)2.86 E F2(The aliases are of the form)102 510.6 Q
(name: name1, name2, ...)142 526.8 Q(Only local names may be aliased; e.g.,)102
543 Q(eric@prep.ai.MIT)142 559.2 Q(.EDU: eric@CS.Berk)-.74 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
-.15 G(EDU).65 E .348(will not ha)102 575.4 R .648 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .348
(he desired ef).15 F 2.849(fect. Aliases)-.25 F .349
(may be continued by starting an)2.849 F 2.849(yc)-.15 G .349
(ontinuation lines with a)408.783 575.4 R(space or a tab)102 587.4 Q 5(.B)-.4 G
(lank lines and lines be)170.47 587.4 Q
(ginning with a sharp sign \(\231#\232\) are comments.)-.15 E 1.593
(The second form is processed by the)127 603.6 R F1(dbm)4.093 E F2 1.593
(\(3\) \(or)1.666 F F1(db)4.093 E F2 1.593(\(3\)\) library)1.666 F 6.593(.T)
-.65 G 1.593(his form is in the \214les)409.085 603.6 R F1(/etc/aliases.dir)102
615.6 Q F2(and)3.028 E F1(/etc/aliases.pa)3.028 E -.15(g.)-.1 G F2 .528
(This is the form that)5.678 F F1(sendmail)3.029 E F2 .529
(actually uses to resolv)3.029 F 3.029(ea)-.15 G(liases.)479.28 615.6 Q
(This technique is used to impro)102 627.6 Q .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(erformance.)
.15 E -1.1(Yo)127 643.8 S 2.5(uc)1.1 G(an also use)150.06 643.8 Q/F3 9
/Times-Roman@0 SF(NIS)2.5 E F2(-based alias \214les.)A -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G
(xample, the speci\214cation:)305.069 643.8 Q -.35(OA)142 660 S(/etc/aliases)
.35 E -.35(OA)142 672 S(nis:mail.aliases@my).35 E(.nis.domain)-.65 E(will \214\
rst search the /etc/aliases \214le and then the map named \231mail.aliases\232\
in \231my)102 688.2 Q(.nis.domain\232.)-.65 E
(Additional \215ags can be added after the colon e)127 704.4 Q(xactly lik)-.15
E 2.5(ea)-.1 G F0(K)A F2(line \212 for e)2.5 E(xample:)-.15 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-15)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(OA)142 96 S
(nis:-N mail.aliases@my).35 E(.nis.domain)-.65 E
(will search the appropriate NIS map and al)102 112.2 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
(ys include null bytes in the k).1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(.)-.5 E F0 2.5(2.3.1. Reb)
102 136.2 R(uilding the alias database)-.2 E F1 .542(The DB or DBM v)142 152.4
R .542(ersion of the database may be reb)-.15 F .542(uilt e)-.2 F .542
(xplicitly by e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .542(cuting the com-).15 F(mand)117 164.4
Q(ne)157 180.6 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E(This is equi)117 196.8 Q -.25(va)
-.25 G(lent to gi).25 E(ving)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1
(the)2.5 E F0(\255bi)2.5 E F1(\215ag:)2.5 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bi)157 213 Q
.259(If the \231D\232 option is speci\214ed in the con\214guration,)142 233.4 R
F2(sendmail)2.759 E F1 .26(will reb)2.759 F .26(uild the alias database)-.2 F
1.921(automatically if possible when it is out of date.)117 245.4 R(Auto-reb)
6.921 E 1.92(uild can be dangerous on hea)-.2 F(vily)-.2 E 1.45
(loaded machines with lar)117 257.4 R 1.45(ge alias \214les; if it might tak)
-.18 F 3.951(em)-.1 G 1.451(ore than \214v)355.654 257.4 R 3.951(em)-.15 G
1.451(inutes to reb)420.127 257.4 R 1.451(uild the)-.2 F
(database, there is a chance that se)117 269.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ral processes will start the reb).15 E(uild process simultaneously)-.2 E(.)
-.65 E 1.77(If you ha)142 285.6 R 2.07 -.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.77
(ultiple aliases databases speci\214ed, the).15 F F0(\255bi)4.27 E F1 1.77
(\215ag reb)4.27 F 1.77(uilds all the database)-.2 F
(types it understands \(for e)117 297.6 Q(xample, it can reb)-.15 E
(uild dbm databases b)-.2 E(ut not nis databases\).)-.2 E F0 2.5(2.3.2. P)102
321.6 R(otential pr)-.2 E(oblems)-.18 E F1 1.131
(There are a number of problems that can occur with the alias database.)142
337.8 R(The)6.131 E 3.631(ya)-.15 G 1.131(ll result)472.589 337.8 R 1.104
(from a)117 349.8 R F2(sendmail)3.604 E F1 1.104(process accessing the DBM v)
3.604 F 1.103(ersion while it is only partially b)-.15 F 3.603(uilt. This)-.2 F
(can)3.603 E 1.248(happen under tw)117 361.8 R 3.748(oc)-.1 G 1.248
(ircumstances: One process accesses the database while another process is)
199.234 361.8 R(reb)117 373.8 Q .518(uilding it, or the process reb)-.2 F .518
(uilding the database dies \(due to being killed or a system crash\))-.2 F
(before completing the reb)117 385.8 Q(uild.)-.2 E .792(Sendmail has tw)142 402
R 3.292(ot)-.1 G .792(echniques to try to relie)220.666 402 R 1.092 -.15(ve t)
-.25 H .792(hese problems.).15 F .793(First, it ignores interrupts)5.793 F .045
(while reb)117 414 R .045(uilding the database; this a)-.2 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .045
(ids the problem of someone aborting the process lea).2 F .045(ving a)-.2 F
(partially reb)117 426 Q(uilt database.)-.2 E(Second, at the end of the reb)5 E
(uild it adds an alias of the form)-.2 E(@: @)157 442.2 Q .336
(\(which is not normally le)117 458.4 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.836(l\). Before).05 F
F2(sendmail)2.836 E F1 .336(will access the database, it checks to insure that)
2.836 F(this entry e)117 472.4 Q(xists)-.15 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(5)179.63
468.4 Q F1(.)183.13 472.4 Q F0 2.5(2.3.3. List)102 496.4 R -.1(ow)2.5 G(ners).1
E F1 .4(If an error occurs on sending to a certain address, say \231)142 512.6
R F2(x)A F1<9a2c>A F2(sendmail)2.901 E F1 .401(will look for an alias)2.901 F
.418(of the form \231o)117 524.6 R(wner)-.25 E(-)-.2 E F2(x)A F1 2.918<9a74>C
2.918(or)212.632 524.6 S(ecei)223.88 524.6 Q .718 -.15(ve t)-.25 H .418
(he errors.).15 F .417(This is typically useful for a mailing list where the)
5.418 F 1.116(submitter of the list has no control o)117 536.6 R -.15(ve)-.15 G
3.617(rt).15 G 1.117(he maintenance of the list itself; in this case the list)
288.4 536.6 R(maintainer w)117 548.6 Q(ould be the o)-.1 E(wner of the list.)
-.25 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)309.38 548.6 Q
(unix-wizards: eric@ucbarpa, wnj@monet, nosuchuser)157 564.8 Q(,)-.4 E
(sam@matisse)193 576.8 Q -.25(ow)157 588.8 S(ner).25 E
(-unix-wizards: eric@ucbarpa)-.2 E -.1(wo)117 605 S 1.959(uld cause \231eric@u\
cbarpa\232 to get the error that will occur when someone sends to unix-).1 F
(wizards due to the inclusion of \231nosuchuser\232 on the list.)117 617 Q .958
(List o)142 633.2 R .958(wners also cause the en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .959
(lope sender address to be modi\214ed.).15 F .959(The contents of the)5.959 F
-.25(ow)117 645.2 S .429(ner alias are used if the).25 F 2.929(yp)-.15 G .429
(oint to a single user)236.364 645.2 R 2.928(,o)-.4 G .428
(therwise the name of the alias itself is used.)326.436 645.2 R -.15(Fo)117
657.2 S 2.5(rt).15 G(his reason, and to obe)136.02 657.2 Q 2.5(yI)-.15 G
(nternet con)233.63 657.2 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(ntions, a typical scheme w).15 E
(ould be:)-.1 E .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80
669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100
669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108
669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120 669.2 DL
128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL 140 669.2
136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2
DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168
669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 669.2 176
669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188 669.2 DL
196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2
204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0
SF(5)93.6 679.6 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .389(The \231a\232 option is required \
in the con\214guration for this action to occur)3.2 J 4.389(.T)-.44 G .389
(his should normally be speci\214ed unless you are run-)334.24 682.8 R(ning)72
692.4 Q/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(delivermail)2 E F5(in parallel with)2 E F6
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-16 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 18.49
(list: some,)157 96 R(set, of, addresses)2.5 E 22.28
(list-request: list-admin-1,)157 108 R(list-admin-2, ...)2.5 E -.25(ow)157 120
S(ner).25 E 26.62(-list: list-request)-.2 F F0 2.5(2.4. User)87 148.2 R(Inf)2.5
E(ormation Database)-.25 E F1 1.059(If you ha)127 164.4 R 1.359 -.15(ve a ve)
-.2 H 1.059(rsion of).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.559 E F1 1.06
(with the user information database compiled in, and you)3.559 F(ha)102 176.4 Q
2.206 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.906(peci\214ed one or more databases using the).15 F F0
(U)4.406 E F1 1.905(option, the databases will be searched for a)4.406 F F2
(user)102 188.4 Q F1(:maildrop entry)A 5(.I)-.65 G 2.5(ff)191.34 188.4 S
(ound, the mail will be sent to the speci\214ed address.)200.5 188.4 Q 1.288
(If the \214rst tok)127 204.6 R 1.288(en passed to user part of the \231local\
\232 mailer is an at sign, the at sign will be)-.1 F(stripped of)102 216.6 Q
2.5(fa)-.25 G(nd this step will be skipped.)155.07 216.6 Q F0 2.5(2.5. P)87
240.6 R(er)-.2 E(-User F)-.37 E(orwarding \(.f)-.25 E(orward Files\))-.25 E F1
.121(As an alternati)127 256.8 R .421 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.621(ot).15 G .121
(he alias database, an)210.404 256.8 R 2.621(yu)-.15 G .12
(ser may put a \214le with the name \231.forw)304.878 256.8 R .12
(ard\232 in his)-.1 F .205(or her home directory)102 268.8 R 5.205(.I)-.65 G
2.705(ft)199.92 268.8 S .205(his \214le e)208.735 268.8 R(xists,)-.15 E F2
(sendmail)2.705 E F1 .205
(redirects mail for that user to the list of addresses)2.705 F .909
(listed in the .forw)102 280.8 R .908(ard \214le.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.908 G 3.408
(xample, if the home directory for user \231mckusick\232 has a .forw)233.98
280.8 R(ard)-.1 E(\214le with contents:)102 292.8 Q(mckusick@ernie)142 309 Q
(kirk@calder)142 321 Q(then an)102 337.2 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(ail arri)146.29 337.2
Q(ving for \231mckusick\232 will be redirected to the speci\214ed accounts.)
-.25 E(Actually)127 353.4 Q 3.374(,t)-.65 G .874
(he con\214guration \214le de\214nes a sequence of \214lenames to check.)
169.444 353.4 R .875(By def)5.875 F .875(ault, this is)-.1 F .688(the user')102
365.4 R 3.188(s.)-.55 G(forw)146.426 365.4 Q .688(ard \214le, b)-.1 F .687
(ut can be de\214ned to be more generally using the)-.2 F F0(J)3.187 E F1 3.187
(option. If)3.187 F .687(you change)3.187 F .393(this, you will ha)102 377.4 R
.693 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.893(oi).15 G .393
(nform your user base of the change; .forw)193.064 377.4 R .393
(ard is pretty well incorporated into)-.1 F(the collecti)102 389.4 Q .3 -.15
(ve s)-.25 H(ubconscious.).15 E F0 2.5(2.6. Special)87 413.4 R(Header Lines)2.5
E F1(Se)127 429.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.898(ral header lines ha).15 F 2.197 -.15
(pecial interpretations de\214ned by the con\214guration \214le.).15 F(Others)
6.897 E(ha)102 441.6 Q 1.205 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .905(nterpretations b).15 F .905
(uilt into)-.2 F F2(sendmail)3.405 E F1 .906
(that cannot be changed without changing the code.)3.405 F(These)5.906 E -.2
(bu)102 453.6 S(iltins are described here.).2 E F0 2.5(2.6.1. Retur)102 477.6 R
(n-Receipt-T)-.15 E(o:)-.92 E F1 1.371
(If this header is sent, a message will be sent to an)142 493.8 R 3.87(ys)-.15
G 1.37(peci\214ed addresses when the \214nal)366.88 493.8 R(deli)117 505.8 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G .367(ry is complete, that is, when successfully deli).15 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G .368(red to a mailer with the).15 F F0(l)2.868 E F1 .368
(\215ag \(local deli)2.868 F(v-)-.25 E(ery\) set in the mailer descriptor)117
519.8 Q/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(6)242.25 515.8 Q F1(.)245.75 519.8 Q F0 2.5
(2.6.2. Err)102 543.8 R(ors-T)-.18 E(o:)-.92 E F1 .22(If errors occur an)142
(ywhere during processing, this header will cause error messages to go to)-.15
F(the listed addresses.)117 572 Q(This is intended for mailing lists.)5 E .384
(The Errors-T)142 588.2 R .384(o: header w)-.8 F .384
(as created in the bad old days when UUCP didn')-.1 F 2.885(tu)-.18 G .385
(nderstand the)450.015 588.2 R .89(distinction between an en)117 600.2 R -.15
(ve)-.4 G .89(lope and a header; this w).15 F .889(as a hack to pro)-.1 F .889
(vide what should no)-.15 F 3.389(wb)-.25 G(e)499.56 600.2 Q(passed as the en)
117 612.2 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope sender address.).15 E(It should go a)5 E -.1(wa)
-.15 G 3.8 -.65(y. I).1 H 2.5(ti).65 G 2.5(so)365.22 612.2 S(nly used if the)
376.61 612.2 Q F0(l)2.5 E F1(option is set.)2.5 E .32 LW 76 659.6 72 659.6 DL
80 659.6 76 659.6 DL 84 659.6 80 659.6 DL 88 659.6 84 659.6 DL 92 659.6 88
659.6 DL 96 659.6 92 659.6 DL 100 659.6 96 659.6 DL 104 659.6 100 659.6 DL 108
659.6 104 659.6 DL 112 659.6 108 659.6 DL 116 659.6 112 659.6 DL 120 659.6 116
659.6 DL 124 659.6 120 659.6 DL 128 659.6 124 659.6 DL 132 659.6 128 659.6 DL
136 659.6 132 659.6 DL 140 659.6 136 659.6 DL 144 659.6 140 659.6 DL 148 659.6
144 659.6 DL 152 659.6 148 659.6 DL 156 659.6 152 659.6 DL 160 659.6 156 659.6
DL 164 659.6 160 659.6 DL 168 659.6 164 659.6 DL 172 659.6 168 659.6 DL 176
659.6 172 659.6 DL 180 659.6 176 659.6 DL 184 659.6 180 659.6 DL 188 659.6 184
659.6 DL 192 659.6 188 659.6 DL 196 659.6 192 659.6 DL 200 659.6 196 659.6 DL
204 659.6 200 659.6 DL 208 659.6 204 659.6 DL 212 659.6 208 659.6 DL 216 659.6
212 659.6 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(6)93.6 670 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .127
(Some sites disable this header)3.2 J 2.127(,a)-.32 G .127(nd other \(non-)
199.959 673.2 R/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)A F5 2.127(\)s)C .127
(ystems do not implement it.)282.772 673.2 R .127(Do not assume that a f)4.127
F .126(ailure to get a re-)-.08 F .317
(turn receipt means that the mail did not arri)72 682.8 R -.12(ve)-.2 G 4.317
(.A).12 G .318(lso, do not assume that getting a return receipt means that the\
mail has been read; it)232.509 682.8 R
(just means that the message has been deli)72 692.4 Q -.12(ve)-.2 G
(red to the recipient').12 E 2(sm)-.44 G(ailbox.)285.648 692.4 Q EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-17)452.9 60 Q 2.5(2.6.3. A)102 96 R(ppar)-.25 E(ently-T)-.18 E(o:)-.92
E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .22
(If a message comes in with no recipients listed in the message \(in a T)142
112.2 R .22(o:, Cc:, or Bcc: line\))-.8 F(then)117 124.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
SF(sendmail)2.79 E F1 .29(will add an \231)2.79 F(Apparently-T)-.8 E .289
(o:\232 header line for an)-.8 F 2.789(yr)-.15 G .289(ecipients it is a)378.086
124.2 R -.1(wa)-.15 G .289(re of.).1 F .289(This is)5.289 F
(not put in as a standard recipient line to w)117 136.2 Q(arn an)-.1 E 2.5(yr)
-.15 G(ecipients that the list is not complete.)319.77 136.2 Q
(At least one recipient line is required under RFC 822.)142 152.4 Q F0 2.5
(2.7. IDENT)87 176.4 R(Pr)2.5 E(otocol Support)-.18 E F2(Sendmail)127 192.6 Q
F1 1.835(supports the IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413.)4.335 F 1.835
(Although this enhances)6.835 F .29
(identi\214cation of the author of an email message by doing a `)102 204.6 R
.289(`call back')-.74 F 2.789('t)-.74 G 2.789(ot)396.174 204.6 S .289
(he originating system to)406.743 204.6 R .468(include the o)102 216.6 R .469(\
wner of a particular TCP connection in the audit trail it is in no sense perfe\
ct; a deter)-.25 F(-)-.2 E 1.294(mined for)102 228.6 R 1.294
(ger can easily spoof the IDENT protocol.)-.18 F 1.294(The follo)6.294 F 1.294
(wing description is e)-.25 F 1.293(xcerpted from)-.15 F(RFC 1413:)102 240.6 Q
2.5(6. Security)127 256.8 R(Considerations)2.5 E .005
(The information returned by this protocol is at most as trustw)127 273 R(orth)
-.1 E 2.506(ya)-.05 G 2.506(st)400.5 273 S .006(he host pro)409.676 273 R .006
(viding it OR)-.15 F .274(the or)127 285 R -.05(ga)-.18 G .274
(nization operating the host.).05 F -.15(Fo)5.274 G 2.774(re).15 G .273
(xample, a PC in an open lab has fe)295.314 285 R 2.773(wi)-.25 G 2.773(fa)
448.614 285 S .573 -.15(ny c)459.157 285 T(ontrols).15 E .986(on it to pre)127
297 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .986(nt a user from ha).15 F .986
(ving this protocol return an)-.2 F 3.486(yi)-.15 G .987
(denti\214er the user w)378.052 297 R 3.487(ants. Lik)-.1 F(e-)-.1 E 1.441(wis\
e, if the host has been compromised the information returned may be completely\
erro-)127 309 R(neous and misleading.)127 321 Q .521(The Identi\214cation Pro\
tocol is not intended as an authorization or access control protocol.)127 337.2
R(At)5.521 E 1.037(best, it pro)127 349.2 R 1.037
(vides some additional auditing information with respect to TCP connections.)
-.15 F(At)6.036 E -.1(wo)127 361.2 S(rst, it can pro).1 E
(vide misleading, incorrect, or maliciously incorrect information.)-.15 E 1.006
(The use of the information returned by this protocol for other than auditing \
is strongly dis-)127 377.4 R 2.697(couraged. Speci\214cally)127 389.4 R 2.697
(,u)-.65 G .197(sing Identi\214cation Protocol information to mak)228.114 389.4
R 2.697(ea)-.1 G .197(ccess control deci-)429.186 389.4 R .514(sions - either \
as the primary method \(i.e., no other checks\) or as an adjunct to other meth\
ods)127 401.4 R(may result in a weak)127 413.4 Q(ening of normal host security)
-.1 E(.)-.65 E 1.779(An Identi\214cation serv)127 429.6 R 1.778(er may re)-.15
(al information about users, entities, objects or processes).15 F .336
(which might normally be considered pri)127 441.6 R -.25(va)-.25 G 2.836
(te. An).25 F .337(Identi\214cation serv)2.836 F .337(er pro)-.15 F .337
(vides service which)-.15 F .806
(is a rough analog of the CallerID services pro)127 453.6 R .806
(vided by some phone companies and man)-.15 F 3.306(yo)-.15 G(f)500.67 453.6 Q
1.397(the same pri)127 465.6 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.697 -.15(cy c).25 H 1.397
(onsiderations and ar).15 F 1.398
(guments that apply to the CallerID service apply to)-.18 F 3.546
(Identi\214cation. If)127 477.6 R 1.046(you w)3.546 F(ouldn')-.1 E 3.546(tr)
-.18 G 1.045(un a "\214nger" serv)260.334 477.6 R 1.045(er due to pri)-.15 F
-.25(va)-.25 G 1.345 -.15(cy c).25 H 1.045(onsiderations you may).15 F(not w)
127 489.6 Q(ant to run this protocol.)-.1 E F0 2.5(3. ARGUMENTS)72 513.6 R F1
.017(The complete list of ar)112 529.8 R .017(guments to)-.18 F F2(sendmail)
2.517 E F1 .017(is described in detail in Appendix A.)2.517 F .018
(Some important)5.018 F(ar)87 541.8 Q(guments are described here.)-.18 E F0 2.5
(3.1. Queue)87 565.8 R(Inter)2.5 E -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F1 .455(The amount of t\
ime between forking a process to run through the queue is de\214ned by the)127
582 R F0<ad71>2.955 E F1 2.705(\215ag. If)102 594 R .206(you run in mode)2.705
F F0(f)2.706 E F1(or)2.706 E F0(a)2.706 E F1 .206(this can be relati)2.706 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G .206(ly lar).15 F .206(ge, since it will only be rele)-.18 F
-.25(va)-.25 G .206(nt when a host).25 F .07(that w)102 606 R .07(as do)-.1 F
.07(wn comes back up.)-.25 F .07(If you run in)5.07 F F0(q)2.57 E F1 .07
(mode it should be relati)2.57 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .07
(ly short, since it de\214nes the).15 F
(maximum amount of time that a message may sit in the queue.)102 618 Q 1.335
(RFC 1123 section 5.3.1.1 says that this v)127 634.2 R 1.336
(alue should be at least 30 minutes \(although that)-.25 F(probably doesn')102
646.2 Q 2.5(tm)-.18 G(ak)179.59 646.2 Q 2.5(es)-.1 G(ense if you use `)199.76
646.2 Q(`queue-only')-.74 E 2.5('m)-.74 G(ode\).)329.08 646.2 Q F0 2.5
(3.2. Daemon)87 670.2 R(Mode)2.5 E F1 .085(If you allo)127 686.4 R 2.585(wi)
-.25 G .085(ncoming mail o)181.165 686.4 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.585(ra).15 G 2.585
(nI)263.61 686.4 S .085(PC connection, you should ha)274.525 686.4 R .384 -.15
(ve a d)-.2 H .084(aemon running.).15 F(This)5.084 E .069
(should be set by your)102 698.4 R F2(/etc/r)2.569 E(c)-.37 E F1 .069
(\214le using the)2.569 F F0(\255bd)2.569 E F1 2.57(\215ag. The)2.569 F F0
(\255bd)2.57 E F1 .07(\215ag and the)2.57 F F0<ad71>2.57 E F1 .07
(\215ag may be combined)2.57 F(in one call:)102 710.4 Q EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-18 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bd \255q30m)142 96 Q F0 2.5(3.3. F)87 124.2 R(or)-.25 E
(cing the Queue)-.18 E F1 .04(In some cases you may \214nd that the queue has \
gotten clogged for some reason.)127 140.4 R -1.1(Yo)5.04 G 2.54(uc)1.1 G .04
(an force)471.48 140.4 R 3.184(aq)102 152.4 S .684(ueue run using the)114.624
152.4 R F0<ad71>3.184 E F1 .684(\215ag \(with no v)3.184 F 3.184(alue\). It)
-.25 F .684(is entertaining to use the)3.184 F F0<ad76>3.185 E F1 .685
(\215ag \(v)3.185 F .685(erbose\) when)-.15 F(this is done to w)102 164.4 Q
(atch what happens:)-.1 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255q \255v)142 180.6 Q -1.1(Yo)
127 201 S 4.004(uc)1.1 G 1.504
(an also limit the jobs to those with a particular queue identi\214er)151.564
201 R 4.004(,s)-.4 G(ender)428.362 201 Q 4.004(,o)-.4 G 4.004(rr)461.676 201 S
(ecipient)472.34 201 Q .686(using one of the queue modi\214ers.)102 213 R -.15
(Fo)5.687 G 3.187(re).15 G .687(xample, \231\255qRberk)265.654 213 R(ele)-.1 E
.687(y\232 restricts the queue run to jobs that)-.15 F(ha)102 225 Q .526 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H .226(he string \231berk).15 F(ele)-.1 E .226(y\232 some)-.15 F .225
(where in one of the recipient addresses.)-.25 F(Similarly)5.225 E 2.725<2c99>
-.65 G .225(\255qSstring\232 lim-)441.185 225 R(its the run to particular send\
ers and \231\255qIstring\232 limits it to particular identi\214ers.)102 237 Q
F0 2.5(3.4. Deb)87 261 R(ugging)-.2 E F1 1.365(There are a f)127 277.2 R 1.365
(airly lar)-.1 F 1.365(ge number of deb)-.18 F 1.365(ug \215ags b)-.2 F 1.365
(uilt into)-.2 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.865 E F1 6.365(.E)C 1.365
(ach deb)417.65 277.2 R 1.365(ug \215ag has a)-.2 F 1.116(number and a le)102
289.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.116(l, where higher le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.116
(ls means to print out more information.).15 F 1.116(The con)6.116 F -.15(ve)
-.4 G 1.116(ntion is).15 F .293(that le)102 301.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .293
(ls greater than nine are \231absurd,).15 F 2.794<9a69>-.7 G .294(.e., the)
274.014 301.2 R 2.794(yp)-.15 G .294(rint out so much information that you w)
313.612 301.2 R(ouldn')-.1 E(t)-.18 E .692(normally w)102 313.2 R .692
(ant to see them e)-.1 F .692(xcept for deb)-.15 F .692
(ugging that particular piece of code.)-.2 F(Deb)5.692 E .691
(ug \215ags are set)-.2 F(using the)102 325.2 Q F0<ad64>2.5 E F1
(option; the syntax is:)2.5 E(deb)142 341.4 Q(ug-\215ag:)-.2 E F0<ad64>200.13
341.4 Q F1(deb)2.5 E(ug-list)-.2 E(deb)142 353.4 Q 13.05(ug-list: deb)-.2 F
(ug-option [ , deb)-.2 E(ug-option ])-.2 E(deb)142 365.4 Q -.28(ug-option: deb)
-.2 F(ug-range [ . deb)-.2 E(ug-le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l]).15 G(deb)142
377.4 Q 3.07(ug-range: inte)-.2 F(ger | inte)-.15 E(ger \255 inte)-.15 E(ger)
-.15 E(deb)142 389.4 Q(ug-le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 6.24(l: inte).15 F(ger)-.15 E
(where spaces are for reading ease only)102 405.6 Q 5(.F)-.65 G(or e)268.64
405.6 Q(xample,)-.15 E 34.99(\255d12 Set)142 421.8 R(\215ag 12 to le)2.5 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l1).15 G 27.49(\255d12.3 Set)142 433.8 R(\215ag 12 to le)2.5 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l3).15 G 26.66(\255d3-17 Set)142 445.8 R
(\215ags 3 through 17 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l1).15 G 19.16
(\255d3-17.4 Set)142 457.8 R(\215ags 3 through 17 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.5(l4).15 G -.15(Fo)102 474 S 4.065(rac).15 G 1.565(omplete list of the a)
132.75 474 R -.25(va)-.2 G 1.565(ilable deb).25 F 1.565(ug \215ags you will ha)
-.2 F 1.865 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.065(ol).15 G 1.566(ook at the code \(the)380.895
474 R 4.066(ya)-.15 G 1.566(re too)479.384 474 R(dynamic to k)102 486 Q
(eep this documentation up to date\).)-.1 E F0 2.5(3.5. T)87 510 R
(rying a Differ)-.74 E(ent Con\214guration File)-.18 E F1(An alternati)127
526.2 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(on\214guration \214le can be speci\214ed using the)
.15 E F0<ad43>2.5 E F1(\215ag; for e)2.5 E(xample,)-.15 E
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255Ctest.cf)142 542.4 Q .429
(uses the con\214guration \214le)102 558.6 R F2(test.cf)2.928 E F1 .428
(instead of the def)2.928 F(ault)-.1 E F2(/etc/sendmail.cf)2.928 E(.)-.15 E F1
.428(If the)5.428 F F0<ad43>2.928 E F1 .428(\215ag has no v)2.928 F(alue)-.25 E
(it def)102 570.6 Q(aults to)-.1 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1
(in the current directory)2.5 E(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(3.6. Changing)87 594.6 R(the V)
2.5 E(alues of Options)-.92 E F1(Options can be o)127 610.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G
(rridden using the).15 E F0<ad6f>2.5 E F1 2.5(\215ag. F)2.5 F(or e)-.15 E
(xample,)-.15 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oT2m)142 627 Q(sets the)102 643.2 Q F0
(T)2.5 E F1(\(timeout\) option to tw)2.5 E 2.5(om)-.1 G
(inutes for this run only)246.63 643.2 Q(.)-.65 E .181(Some options ha)127
659.4 R .481 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .181(ecurity implications.).15 F .181
(Sendmail allo)5.181 F .182(ws you to set these, b)-.25 F .182
(ut refuses to run)-.2 F(as root thereafter)102 671.4 Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
(3.7. Logging)87 695.4 R -.74(Tr)2.5 G(af\214c).74 E F1(Man)127 711.6 Q 3.255
(yS)-.15 G .754(MTP implementations do not fully implement the protocol.)
158.995 711.6 R -.15(Fo)5.754 G 3.254(re).15 G .754(xample, some per)428.542
711.6 R(-)-.2 E 1.178(sonal computer based SMTPs do not understand continuatio\
n lines in reply codes.)102 723.6 R 1.178(These can be)6.178 F EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-19)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.15(ve)102 96 S .13
(ry hard to trace.).15 F .13(If you suspect such a problem, you can set traf)
5.13 F .13(\214c logging using the)-.25 F F0<ad58>2.63 E F1 2.63(\215ag. F)2.63
F(or)-.15 E -.15(ex)102 108 S(ample,).15 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255X /tmp/traf)
142 124.2 Q(\214c -bd)-.25 E(will log all traf)102 140.4 Q(\214c in the \214le)
-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(/tmp/tr)2.5 E(af)-.15 E<8c63>-.18 E F1(.)A .128
(This logs a lot of data v)127 156.6 R .128(ery quickly and should ne)-.15 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.628(rb).15 G 2.628(eu)345.888 156.6 S .128
(sed during normal operations.)357.956 156.6 R(After)5.129 E 1.326(starting up\
such a daemon, force the errant implementation to send a message to your host\
.)102 168.6 R(All)6.326 E .504(message traf)102 180.6 R .504
(\214c in and out of)-.25 F F2(sendmail)3.004 E F1 3.004(,i)C .504
(ncluding the incoming SMTP traf)265.258 180.6 R .505
(\214c, will be logged in this)-.25 F(\214le.)102 192.6 Q F0 2.5(4. TUNING)72
216.6 R F1 1.922(There are a number of con\214guration parameters you may w)112
232.8 R 1.922(ant to change, depending on the)-.1 F .366
(requirements of your site.)87 244.8 R .367
(Most of these are set using an option in the con\214guration \214le.)5.366 F
-.15(Fo)5.367 G 2.867(re).15 G(xample,)472.06 244.8 Q(the line \231O)87 256.8 Q
(T5d\232 sets option \231T\232 to the v)-.4 E(alue \2315d\232 \(\214v)-.25 E
2.5(ed)-.15 G(ays\).)312.55 256.8 Q .735(Most of these options ha)112 273 R
1.035 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .735(ppropriate def).15 F .735(aults for most sites.)-.1
F(Ho)5.735 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.535 -.4(r, s).15 H .735(ites ha).4 F
.735(ving v)-.2 F .735(ery high)-.15 F .045(mail loads may \214nd the)87 285 R
2.545(yn)-.15 G .046(eed to tune them as appropriate for their mail load.)
193.465 285 R .046(In particular)5.046 F 2.546(,s)-.4 G .046(ites e)459.394 285
R(xperi-)-.15 E 1.088(encing a lar)87 297 R 1.088
(ge number of small messages, man)-.18 F 3.588(yo)-.15 G 3.587(fw)294.504 297 S
1.087(hich are deli)308.641 297 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.087(red to man).15 F 3.587
(yr)-.15 G 1.087(ecipients, may \214nd)425.996 297 R(that the)87 309 Q 2.5(yn)
-.15 G(eed to adjust the parameters dealing with queue priorities.)129.07 309 Q
F0 2.5(4.1. T)87 333 R(imeouts)-.18 E F1 .582(All time interv)127 349.2 R .583
(als are set using a scaled syntax.)-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.583 G 3.083(re).15 G .583
(xample, \23110m\232 represents ten minutes,)346.138 349.2 R
(whereas \2312h30m\232 represents tw)102 361.2 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G(nd a half hours.)
241.3 361.2 Q(The full set of scales is:)5 E 16.11(ss)142 377.4 S(econds)165.89
377.4 Q 12.22(mm)142 389.4 S(inutes)169.78 389.4 Q 15(hh)142 401.4 S(ours)167
401.4 Q 15(dd)142 413.4 S(ays)167 413.4 Q 12.78(ww)142 425.4 S(eeks)169.22
425.4 Q F0 2.5(4.1.1. Queue)102 453.6 R(inter)2.5 E -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F1 .18
(The ar)142 469.8 R .18(gument to the)-.18 F F0<ad71>2.68 E F1 .18
(\215ag speci\214es ho)2.68 F 2.68(wo)-.25 G .18
(ften a sub-daemon will run the queue.)319.25 469.8 R .18(This is)5.18 F .967
(typically set to between \214fteen minutes and one hour)117 481.8 R 5.968(.R)
-.55 G .968(FC 1123 section 5.3.1.1 recommends)350.968 481.8 R
(that this be at least 30 minutes.)117 493.8 Q F0 2.5(4.1.2. Read)102 517.8 R
(timeouts)2.5 E F1 .51(It is possible to time out when reading the standard in\
put or when reading from a remote)142 534 R .324(SMTP serv)117 546 R(er)-.15 E
5.324(.T)-.55 G .324(hese timeouts are set using the)183.608 546 R F0(r)2.824 E
F1 .324(option in the con\214guration \214le.)2.824 F .324(The ar)5.324 F
(gument)-.18 E .843(is a list of)117 558 R F2 -.1(ke)3.342 G(ywor)-.2 E
(d=value)-.37 E F1 3.342(pairs. The)3.342 F .842(recognized k)3.342 F -.15(ey)
-.1 G -.1(wo).15 G .842(rds, their def).1 F .842(ault v)-.1 F .842
(alues, and the mini-)-.25 F(mum v)117 570 Q(alues allo)-.25 E
(wed by RFC 1123 section 5.3.2 are:)-.25 E 46.16(initial The)117 586.2 R -.1
(wa)2.5 G(it for the initial 220 greeting message [5m, 5m].).1 E 52.28
(helo The)117 602.4 R -.1(wa)4.226 G 1.727
(it for a reply from a HELO or EHLO command [5m, unspeci\214ed].).1 F .1
(This may require a host name lookup, so \214v)189 614.4 R 2.6(em)-.15 G .1
(inutes is probably a reasonable)380.29 614.4 R(minimum.)189 626.4 Q 46.72
(mail\207 The)117 642.6 R -.1(wa)2.5 G
(it for a reply from a MAIL command [10m, 5m].).1 E 48.95(rcpt\207 The)117
658.8 R -.1(wa)3.481 G .981(it for a reply from a RCPT command [1h, 5m].).1 F
.982(This should be long)5.982 F
(because it could be pointing at a list that tak)189 670.8 Q
(es a long time to e)-.1 E(xpand.)-.15 E 34.5(datainit\207 The)117 687 R -.1
(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a D).1 E -1.21 -1.11(AT A)-.4 H
(command [5m, 2m].)3.61 E 25.62(datablock\207 The)117 703.2 R -.1(wa)2.696 G
.196(it for reading a data block \(that is, the body of the message\).).1 F
.196([1h, 3m].)5.196 F 2.686
(This should be long because it also applies to programs piping input to)189
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-20 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)189 96
Q/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(which ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(og).15 G
(uarantee of promptness.)293.08 96 Q 30.06(data\214nal\207 The)117 112.2 R -.1
(wa)2.806 G .306(it for a reply from the dot terminating a message.).1 F .306
([1h, 10m].)5.306 F .306(If this is)5.306 F .883
(shorter than the time actually needed for the recei)189 124.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.384(rt).15 G 3.384(od)412.878 124.2 S(eli)426.262 124.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.384(rt).15 G .884(he message,)454.796 124.2 R(duplicates will be generated.)
189 136.2 Q(This is discussed in RFC 1047.)5 E 55.06(rset The)117 152.4 R -.1
(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a RSET command [5m, unspeci\214ed].).1 E 53.94
(quit The)117 168.6 R -.1(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a Q).1 E
(UIT command [2m, unspeci\214ed].)-.1 E 50.61(misc The)117 184.8 R -.1(wa)2.761
G .261(it for a reply from miscellaneous \(b).1 F .261
(ut short\) commands such as NOOP)-.2 F(\(no-operation\) and VERB \(go into v)
189 196.8 Q(erbose mode\).)-.15 E([2m, unspeci\214ed].)5 E 25.06
(command\207 In)117 213 R(serv)2.5 E(er SMTP)-.15 E 2.5(,t)-1.11 G
(he time to w)259.4 213 Q(ait for another command.)-.1 E([1h, 5m].)5 E 49.5
(ident The)117 229.2 R(timeout w)2.5 E
(aiting for a reply to an IDENT query [30s, unspeci\214ed].)-.1 E -.15(Fo)117
245.4 S 3.633(rc).15 G 1.134
(ompatibility with old con\214guration \214les, if no `)138.813 245.4 R(`k)-.74
E -.15(ey)-.1 G -.1(wo).15 G(rd=').1 E 3.634('i)-.74 G 3.634(ss)390.854 245.4 S
1.134(peci\214ed, all the timeouts)402.268 245.4 R(mark)117 257.4 Q
(ed with \207 are set to the indicated v)-.1 E(alue.)-.25 E(Man)142 273.6 Q
2.501(yo)-.15 G 2.501(ft)172.681 273.6 S .001(he RFC 1123 minimum v)181.292
273.6 R .001(alues may well be too short.)-.25 F F1(Sendmail)5 E F2 -.1(wa)2.5
G 2.5(sd).1 G(esigned to)463.17 273.6 Q .066
(the RFC 822 protocols, which did not specify read timeouts; hence,)117 285.6 R
F1(sendmail)2.567 E F2 .067(does not guarantee)2.567 F .438
(to reply to messages promptly)117 297.6 R 5.438(.I)-.65 G 2.938(np)249.92
297.6 S(articular)262.858 297.6 Q 2.938(,a\231)-.4 G .438
(RCPT\232 command specifying a mailing list will)313.034 297.6 R -.15(ex)117
311.6 S .205(pand and v).15 F .205(erify the entire list; a lar)-.15 F .205
(ge list on a slo)-.18 F 2.705(ws)-.25 G .205(ystem may tak)339.81 311.6 R
2.705(em)-.1 G .205(ore than \214v)413.375 311.6 R 2.705(em)-.15 G(inutes)
474.11 311.6 Q/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(7)498 307.6 Q F2(.)501.5 311.6 Q 3.036(Ir)
117 323.6 S .536(ecommend a one hour timeout \212 since this f)126.696 323.6 R
.536(ailure is rare, a long timeout is not onerous and)-.1 F
(may ultimately help reduce netw)117 335.6 Q(ork load.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)142 351.8
S 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the line:)162.53 351.8 Q(Orcommand=25m,datablock=3h)157
368 Q .344(sets the serv)117 384.2 R .344(er SMTP command timeout to 25 minute\
s and the input data block timeout to three)-.15 F(hours.)117 396.2 Q F0 2.5
(4.1.3. Message)102 420.2 R(timeouts)2.5 E F2 .237
(After sitting in the queue for a fe)142 436.4 R 2.737(wd)-.25 G .237
(ays, a message will time out.)289.726 436.4 R .238(This is to insure that at)
5.238 F .283(least the sender is a)117 448.4 R -.1(wa)-.15 G .282
(re of the inability to send a message.).1 F .282
(The timeout is typically set to three)5.282 F 2.5(days. This)117 460.4 R
(timeout is set using the)2.5 E F0(T)2.5 E F2
(option in the con\214guration \214le.)2.5 E .413(The time of submission is se\
t in the queue, rather than the amount of time left until time-)142 476.6 R
3.263(out. As)117 488.6 R 3.263(ar)3.263 G .763
(esult, you can \215ush messages that ha)163.449 488.6 R 1.062 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
.762(een hanging for a short period by running).15 F
(the queue with a short message timeout.)117 500.6 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G
(xample,)302.79 500.6 Q(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oT1d \255q)157 516.8 Q
(will run the queue and \215ush an)117 533 Q(ything that is one day old.)-.15 E
1.077(Since this option is global, and since you can not)142 549.2 R F1 3.577
(ap)3.577 G(riori)364.395 549.2 Q F2(kno)3.577 E 3.577(wh)-.25 G 1.577 -.25
(ow l)416.859 549.2 T 1.077(ong another host).25 F .476
(outside your domain will be do)117 561.2 R .475(wn, a \214v)-.25 F 2.975(ed)
-.15 G .475(ay timeout is recommended.)291.785 561.2 R .475(This allo)5.475 F
.475(ws a recipient)-.25 F 1.579(to \214x the problem e)117 573.2 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G 4.079(ni).15 G 4.079(fi)222.545 573.2 S 4.079(to)232.734 573.2 S 1.579
(ccurs at the be)244.593 573.2 R 1.58(ginning of a long week)-.15 F 4.08
(end. RFC)-.1 F 1.58(1123 section)4.08 F
(5.3.1.1 says that this parameter should be `)117 585.2 Q
(`at least 4\2555 days')-.74 E('.)-.74 E(The)142 601.4 Q F0(T)2.711 E F2 .211
(option can also tak)2.711 F 2.711(eas)-.1 G .21
(econd timeout indicating a time after which a w)263.637 601.4 R .21
(arning mes-)-.1 F(sage should be sent; the tw)117 613.4 Q 2.5(ot)-.1 G
(imeouts are separated by a slash.)234.67 613.4 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G
(xample, the v)391.28 613.4 Q(alue)-.25 E(5d/4h)157 629.6 Q .971
(causes email to f)117 645.8 R .971(ail after \214v)-.1 F 3.471(ed)-.15 G .971
(ays, b)245.326 645.8 R .971(ut a w)-.2 F .971
(arning message will be sent after four hours.)-.1 F(This)5.972 E
(should be lar)117 657.8 Q(ge enough that the message will ha)-.18 E .3 -.15
(ve b)-.2 H(een tried se).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral times.).15 E .32 LW 76 669.2
72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92
669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100
669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL
120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120 669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2
128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2
DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160
669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168
669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL
188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2
196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2
DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(7)93.6 679.6 Q/F5 8
/Times-Roman@0 SF .344(This v)3.2 J .344(eri\214cation includes looking up e)
-.12 F -.12(ve)-.2 G .344(ry address with the name serv).12 F .344(er; this in)
-.12 F -.16(vo)-.32 G(lv).16 E .344(es netw)-.12 F .343
(ork delays, and can in some cases)-.08 F(can be considerable.)72 692.4 Q EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-21)452.9 60 Q 2.5(4.2. F)87 96 R(orking During Queue Runs)-.25 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF .303(By setting the)127 112.2 R F0(Y)2.802 E F1(option,)2.802
E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.802 E F1 .302(will fork before each indi)
2.802 F .302(vidual message while running the)-.25 F 2.513(queue. This)102
124.2 R .013(will pre)2.513 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E F2(sendmail)2.513 E F1
.013(from consuming lar)2.513 F .013(ge amounts of memory)-.18 F 2.513(,s)-.65
G 2.513(oi)421.993 124.2 S 2.513(tm)432.286 124.2 S .014(ay be useful in)
445.359 124.2 R .592(memory-poor en)102 136.2 R 3.092(vironments. Ho)-.4 F(we)
-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.392 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.092(ft).4 G(he)275.388 136.2 Q F0
(Y)3.092 E F1 .591(option is not set,)3.091 F F2(sendmail)3.091 E F1 .591
(will k)3.091 F .591(eep track of hosts)-.1 F(that are do)102 148.2 Q
(wn during a queue run, which can impro)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H
(erformance dramatically).15 E(.)-.65 E(If the)127 164.4 Q F0(Y)2.5 E F1
(option is set,)2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(can not use connection caching.)2.5
E F0 2.5(4.3. Queue)87 188.4 R(Priorities)2.5 E F1(Ev)127 204.6 Q 1.128(ery me\
ssage is assigned a priority when it is \214rst instantiated, consisting of th\
e message)-.15 F .003(size \(in bytes\) of)102 216.6 R .002
(fset by the message class times the \231w)-.25 F .002(ork class f)-.1 F .002
(actor\232 and the number of recipients)-.1 F .637(times the \231w)102 228.6 R
.637(ork recipient f)-.1 F(actor)-.1 E 4.537 -.7(.\232 T)-.55 H .638
(he priority is used to order the queue.).7 F .638(Higher numbers for the)5.638
F(priority mean that the message will be processed later when running the queu\
e.)102 240.6 Q .329(The message size is included so that lar)127 256.8 R .328
(ge messages are penalized relati)-.18 F .628 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.828(os).15 G
.328(mall messages.)443.122 256.8 R .285(The message class allo)102 268.8 R
.285(ws users to send \231high priority\232 messages by including a \231Preced\
ence:\232 \214eld)-.25 F .008(in their message; the v)102 280.8 R .008
(alue of this \214eld is look)-.25 F .007(ed up in the)-.1 F F0(P)2.507 E F1
.007(lines of the con\214guration \214le.)2.507 F .007(Since the)5.007 F 1.966
(number of recipients af)102 292.8 R 1.967
(fects the amount of load a message presents to the system, this is also)-.25 F
(included into the priority)102 304.8 Q(.)-.65 E .895
(The recipient and class f)127 321 R .895
(actors can be set in the con\214guration \214le using the)-.1 F F0(y)3.394 E
F1(and)3.394 E F0(z)3.394 E F1(options)3.394 E(respecti)102 333 Q -.15(ve)-.25
G(ly).15 E 5.962(.T)-.65 G(he)163.842 333 Q 3.462(yd)-.15 G(ef)186.594 333 Q
.962(ault to 30000 \(for the recipient f)-.1 F .963
(actor\) and 1800 \(for the class f)-.1 F 3.463(actor\). The)-.1 F
(initial priority is:)102 345 Q F2(pri)223.76 363 Q/F3 10/Symbol SF(=)3.16 E F2
(msgsize)3.18 E F3(-)2.38 E F1(\()2.2 E F2(class).2 E F3<b4>2.47 E F0(z\))2.2 E
F3(+)2.2 E F1(\()2.2 E F2(nrcpt).36 E F3<b4>2.88 E F0(y\))2.2 E F1(\(Remember)
102 381 Q 3.328(,h)-.4 G .828(igher v)159.638 381 R .828
(alues for this parameter actually mean that the job will be treated with lo)
-.25 F(wer)-.25 E(priority)102 393 Q(.\))-.65 E 1.519(The priority of a job ca\
n also be adjusted each time it is processed \(that is, each time an)127 409.2
R .256(attempt is made to deli)102 421.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(ri).15 G .256
(t\) using the \231w)212.04 421.2 R .256(ork time f)-.1 F(actor)-.1 E 1.656 -.7
(,\232 s)-.4 H .256(et by the).7 F F0(Z)2.756 E F1 2.756(option. This)2.756 F
.256(is added to the)2.756 F(priority)102 433.2 Q 2.702(,s)-.65 G 2.703(oi)
140.442 433.2 S 2.703(tn)150.925 433.2 S .203
(ormally decreases the precedence of the job, on the grounds that jobs that ha)
161.408 433.2 R .503 -.15(ve f)-.2 H(ailed).05 E(man)102 445.2 Q 2.5(yt)-.15 G
(imes will tend to f)129.35 445.2 Q(ail ag)-.1 E(ain in the future.)-.05 E(The)
5 E F0(Z)2.5 E F1(option def)2.5 E(aults to 90000.)-.1 E F0 2.5(4.4. Load)87
469.2 R(Limiting)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)127 485.4 Q F1 .102(can be ask)2.602 F .101
(ed to queue \(b)-.1 F .101(ut not deli)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .101
(r\) mail if the system load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .101(rage gets too high).15
F .626(using the)102 497.4 R F0(x)3.126 E F1 3.126(option. When)3.126 F .626
(the load a)3.126 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .626(rage e).15 F .626(xceeds the v)-.15 F
.626(alue of the)-.25 F F0(x)3.126 E F1 .626(option, the deli)3.126 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G .627(ry mode is).15 F .987(set to)102 509.4 R F0(q)3.487 E F1 .987
(\(queue only\) if the)3.487 F F2 .987(Queue F)3.487 F(actor)-.75 E F1(\()3.487
E F0(q)A F1 .987(option\) di)3.487 F .986(vided by the dif)-.25 F .986
(ference in the current load)-.25 F -2.25 -.2(av e)102 521.4 T 1.268
(rage and the).2 F F0(x)3.769 E F1 1.269(option plus one e)3.769 F 1.269
(xceeds the priority of the message \212 that is, the message is)-.15 F
(queued if)102 533.4 Q(f:)-.25 E F2(pri)269.76 554.63 Q F1(>)3.16 E F0(q)312.48
547.63 Q F2(LA)294.81 561.63 Q F3(-)2.23 E F0(x)2.2 E F3(+)2.2 E .4 LW 336.29
552.03 294.23 552.03 DL F1(1)331.29 561.63 Q(The)102 576.13 Q F0(q)3.143 E F1
.643(option def)3.143 F .642(aults to 600000, so each point of load a)-.1 F
-.15(ve)-.2 G .642(rage is w).15 F .642(orth 600000 priority points \(as)-.1 F
(described abo)102 588.13 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E -.15(Fo)127 604.33 S 2.886
(rd).15 G .386(rastic cases, the)148.626 604.33 R F0(X)2.887 E F1 .387
(option de\214nes a load a)2.887 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .387(rage at which).15 F F2
(sendmail)2.887 E F1 .387(will refuse to accept)2.887 F(netw)102 616.33 Q
(Locally generated mail \(including incoming UUCP mail\) is still accepted.)5 E
F0 2.5(4.5. Deli)87 640.33 R -.1(ve)-.1 G(ry Mode).1 E F1 .417
(There are a number of deli)127 656.53 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .416(ry modes that).15
F F2(sendmail)2.916 E F1 .416
(can operate in, set by the \231d\232 con\214gura-)2.916 F(tion option.)102
668.53 Q(These modes specify ho)5 E 2.5(wq)-.25 G(uickly mail will be deli)
263.96 668.53 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(red. Le).15 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.5(lm).05 G
(odes are:)418.9 668.53 Q 17.22(id)142 684.73 S(eli)167 684.73 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.5(ri).15 G(nteracti)194.65 684.73 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly \(synchronously\)).15 E
15(bd)142 696.73 S(eli)167 696.73 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nb)194.65
696.73 S(ackground \(asynchronously\))207.15 696.73 Q 15(qq)142 708.73 S
(ueue only \(don')167 708.73 Q 2.5(td)-.18 G(eli)240.42 708.73 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(r\)).15 E 1.49(There are tradeof)102 724.93 R 3.99(fs. Mode)-.25 F 1.491
(\231i\232 passes the maximum amount of information to the sender)3.99 F 3.991
(,b)-.4 G 1.491(ut is)485.559 724.93 R EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-22 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .433(hardly e)
102 96 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.933(rn).15 G(ecessary)155.226 96 Q 5.433(.M)-.65 G
.433(ode \231q\232 puts the minimum load on your machine, b)205.269 96 R .432
(ut means that deli)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E .437
(may be delayed for up to the queue interv)102 108 R 2.937(al. Mode)-.25 F .437
(\231b\232 is probably a good compromise.)2.937 F(Ho)5.437 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G .033(this mode can cause lar)102 120 R .032
(ge numbers of processes if you ha)-.18 F .332 -.15(ve a m)-.2 H .032
(ailer that tak).15 F .032(es a long time to deli)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E
2.5(am)102 132 S(essage.)116.72 132 Q .337
(If you run in mode \231q\232 \(queue only\) or \231b\232 \(deli)127 148.2 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.838(ri).15 G 2.838(nb)341.09 148.2 S(ackground\))353.928 148.2
Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.838 E F1 .338(will not e)2.838 F(xpand)
-.15 E 1.314(aliases and follo)102 160.2 R 3.813(w.)-.25 G(forw)182.901 160.2 Q
1.313(ard \214les upon initial receipt of the mail.)-.1 F 1.313
(This speeds up the response to)6.313 F(RCPT commands.)102 172.2 Q F0 2.5
(4.6. Log)87 196.2 R(Le)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.15 G(l).1 E F1 .189(The le)127 212.4 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.689(lo).15 G 2.689(fl)171.968 212.4 S .189
(ogging can be set for)180.767 212.4 R F2(sendmail)2.689 E F1 5.189(.T)C .189
(he def)317.991 212.4 R .19(ault using a standard con\214guration table)-.1 F
(is le)102 224.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l9).15 G 5(.T)137.71 224.4 S(he le)151.32
224.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls are as follo).15 E(ws:)-.25 E 31(0N)102 240.6 S 2.5
(ol)145.22 240.6 S(ogging.)155.5 240.6 Q 31(1S)102 256.8 S(erious system f)
143.56 256.8 Q(ailures and potential security problems.)-.1 E 31(2L)102 273 S
(ost communications \(netw)144.11 273 Q(ork problems\) and protocol f)-.1 E
(ailures.)-.1 E 31(3O)102 289.2 S(ther serious f)145.22 289.2 Q(ailures.)-.1 E
31(4M)102 305.4 S(inor f)146.89 305.4 Q(ailures.)-.1 E 31(5M)102 321.6 S
(essage collection statistics.)146.89 321.6 Q 31(6C)102 337.8 S
(reation of error messages, VRFY and EXPN commands.)144.67 337.8 Q 31(7D)102
354 S(eli)145.22 354 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry f).15 E(ailures \(host or user unkno)
-.1 E(wn, etc.\).)-.25 E 31(8S)102 370.2 S(uccessful deli)143.56 370.2 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ries.).15 E 31(9M)102 386.4 S
(essages being deferred \(due to a host being do)146.89 386.4 Q(wn, etc.\).)
-.25 E 23.5(10 Database)102 402.6 R -.15(ex)2.5 G(pansion \(alias, forw).15 E
(ard, and userdb lookups\).)-.1 E 23.5(15 Automatic)102 418.8 R
(alias database reb)2.5 E(uilds.)-.2 E 23.5(20 Logs)102 435 R .603
(attempts to run lock)3.103 F .603(ed queue \214les.)-.1 F .603
(These are not errors, b)5.603 F .603(ut can be useful to note if)-.2 F
(your queue appears to be clogged.)138 447 Q 23.5(30 Lost)102 463.2 R
(locks \(only if using lockf instead of \215ock\).)2.5 E(Additionally)102 479.4
Q 3.683(,v)-.65 G 1.183(alues abo)162.843 479.4 R 1.483 -.15(ve 6)-.15 H 3.683
(4a).15 G 1.183(re reserv)232.462 479.4 R 1.183(ed for e)-.15 F 1.183
(xtremely v)-.15 F 1.184(erbose deb)-.15 F 1.184(uggging output.)-.2 F 1.184
(No normal)6.184 F(site w)102 491.4 Q(ould e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G
(et these.)168.99 491.4 Q F0 2.5(4.7. File)87 515.4 R(Modes)2.5 E F1 .813
(There are a number of \214les that may ha)127 531.6 R 1.113 -.15(ve a n)-.2 H
.813(umber of modes.).15 F .813(The modes depend on what)5.813 F
(functionality you w)102 543.6 Q(ant and the le)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lo).15
G 2.5(fs)253.15 543.6 S(ecurity you require.)262.87 543.6 Q F0 2.5(4.7.1. T)102
567.6 R 2.5(os)-.92 G(uid or not to suid?)146.64 567.6 Q F2(Sendmail)142 583.8
Q F1 .933(can safely be made setuid to root.)3.433 F .934
(At the point where it is about to)5.934 F F2 -.2(ex)3.434 G(ec).2 E F1 .934
(\(2\) a)1.666 F(mailer)117 595.8 Q 2.583(,i)-.4 G 2.583(tc)150.013 595.8 S
.082(hecks to see if the userid is zero; if so, it resets the userid and group\
id to a def)159.816 595.8 R .082(ault \(set)-.1 F .576(by the)117 607.8 R F0(u)
3.076 E F1(and)3.076 E F0(g)3.076 E F1 3.076(options\). \(This)3.076 F .576
(can be o)3.076 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .576(rridden by setting the).15 F F0(S)3.076 E
F1 .577(\215ag to the mailer for mailers)3.077 F 1.532
(that are trusted and must be called as root.\))117 619.8 R(Ho)6.531 E(we)-.25
E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.331 -.4(r, t).15 H 1.531
(his will cause mail processing to be).4 F(accounted \(using)117 631.8 Q F2(sa)
2.5 E F1(\(8\)\) to root rather than to the user sending the mail.)1.666 E F0
2.5(4.7.2. Should)102 655.8 R(my alias database be writable?)2.5 E F1 .058
(At Berk)142 672 R(ele)-.1 E 2.558(yw)-.15 G 2.558(eh)200.186 672 S -2.25 -.2
(av e)212.184 672 T .058(the alias database \(/etc/aliases*\) mode 644.)2.758 F
.058(While this is not as \215e)5.058 F(x-)-.15 E 1.719
(ible as if the database were more 666, it a)117 684 R -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.718
(ids potential security problems with a globally).2 F(writable database.)117
696 Q 1.19(The database that)142 712.2 R F2(sendmail)3.69 E F1 1.191
(actually used is represented by the tw)3.691 F 3.691<6f8c>-.1 G(les)429.118
712.2 Q F2(aliases.dir)3.691 E F1(and)3.691 E F2(aliases.pa)117 724.2 Q(g)-.1 E
F1 1.936(\(both in /etc\) \(or)4.436 F F2(aliases.db)4.436 E F1 1.936
(if you are running with the ne)4.436 F 4.435(wB)-.25 G(erk)435.955 724.2 Q
(ele)-.1 E 4.435(yd)-.15 G(atabase)474.57 724.2 Q EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-23)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(primiti)117 96 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
4.855(s\). The).15 F 2.356
(mode on these \214les should match the mode on /etc/aliases.)4.855 F(If)7.356
E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(aliases)4.856 E F1(is)4.856 E .662
(writable and the DBM \214les \()117 108 R F2(aliases.dir)A F1(and)3.161 E F2
(aliases.pa)3.161 E(g)-.1 E F1 3.161(\)a)C .661
(re not, users will be unable to re\215ect)353.843 108 R 1.037
(their desired changes through to the actual database.)117 120 R(Ho)6.037 E(we)
-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.837 -.4(r, i).15 H(f).4 E F2(aliases)3.537 E F1 1.038
(is read-only and the)3.537 F(DBM \214les are writable, a slightly sophisticat\
ed user can arrange to steal mail an)117 132 Q(yw)-.15 E(ay)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .621
(If your DBM \214les are not writable by the w)142 148.2 R .62
(orld or you do not ha)-.1 F .92 -.15(ve a)-.2 H(uto-reb).15 E .62
(uild enabled)-.2 F .564(\(with the \231D\232 option\), then you must be caref\
ul to reconstruct the alias database each time you)117 160.2 R(change the te)
117 172.2 Q(xt v)-.15 E(ersion:)-.15 E(ne)157 188.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E
(If this step is ignored or for)117 204.6 Q(gotten an)-.18 E 2.5(yi)-.15 G
(ntended changes will also be ignored or for)273.32 204.6 Q(gotten.)-.18 E F0
2.5(4.8. Connection)87 228.6 R(Caching)2.5 E F1 .642
(When processing the queue,)127 244.8 R F2(sendmail)3.142 E F1 .642
(will try to k)3.142 F .642(eep the last fe)-.1 F 3.142(wo)-.25 G .642
(pen connections open to)405.144 244.8 R -.2(avo)102 256.8 S
(id startup and shutdo).2 E(wn costs.)-.25 E
(This only applies to IPC connections.)5 E .286
(When trying to open a connection the cache is \214rst searched.)127 273 R .287
(If an open connection is found,)5.286 F .92
(it is probed to see if it is still acti)102 285 R 1.22 -.15(ve b)-.25 H 3.42
(ys).15 G .92(ending a)270.892 285 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NOOP)3.42 E F1 3.42
(command. It)3.42 F .92(is not an error if this f)3.42 F(ails;)-.1 E
(instead, the connection is closed and reopened.)102 297 Q -1 -.8(Tw o)127
313.2 T .207(parameters control the connection cache.)3.506 F(The)5.207 E F0(k)
2.707 E F1 .207(option de\214nes the number of simultane-)2.707 F 1.82
(ous open connections that will be permitted.)102 325.2 R 1.819
(If it is set to zero, connections will be closed as)6.82 F .795
(quickly as possible.)102 337.2 R .796(The def)5.796 F .796(ault is one.)-.1 F
.796(This should be set as appropriate for your system size; it)5.796 F
(will limit the amount of system resources that)102 349.2 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E
F1(will use during queue runs.)2.5 E(The)127 365.4 Q F0(K)3.648 E F1 1.148
(option speci\214es the maximum time that an)3.648 F 3.648(yc)-.15 G 1.148
(ached connection will be permitted to)347.452 365.4 R 2.895(idle. When)102
377.4 R .395(the idle time e)2.895 F .395(xceeds this v)-.15 F .396
(alue the connection is closed.)-.25 F .396(This number should be small)5.396 F
.163(\(under ten minutes\) to pre)102 389.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .163
(nt you from grabbing too man).15 F 2.663(yr)-.15 G .162
(esources from other hosts.)347.49 389.4 R .162(The def)5.162 F(ault)-.1 E
(is \214v)102 401.4 Q 2.5(em)-.15 G(inutes.)136.3 401.4 Q F0 2.5(4.9. Name)87
425.4 R(Ser)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.1 G 2.5(rA).1 G(ccess)172.33 425.4 Q F1 .421
(If your system supports the name serv)127 441.6 R(er)-.15 E 2.921(,t)-.4 G
.421(hen the probability is that)297.147 441.6 R F2(sendmail)2.921 E F1 .422
(will be using it)2.922 F(re)102 453.6 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G 1.432(rdless of ho).05
F 3.932(wy)-.25 G 1.432(ou con\214gure)184.436 453.6 R F2(sendmail)3.932 E F1
6.432(.I)C 3.932(np)288.442 453.6 S(articular)302.374 453.6 Q 3.932(,t)-.4 G
1.431(he system routine)344.506 453.6 R F2 -.1(ge)3.931 G(thostbyname).1 E F1
1.431(\(3\) is)B .43(used to look up host names, and most v)102 465.6 R .431
(endor v)-.15 F .431(ersions try some combination of DNS, NIS, and \214le)-.15
F(lookup in /etc/hosts.)102 477.6 Q(Ho)127 493.8 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.12 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.82(fy).4 G 1.32(ou do not ha)183.85 493.8 R 1.62 -.15
(ve a n)-.2 H(ameserv).15 E 1.32
(er con\214gured at all, such as at a UUCP-only site,)-.15 F F2(sendmail)102
505.8 Q F1 .14(will get a \231connection refused\232 message when it tries to \
connect to the name serv)2.64 F .14(er \(either)-.15 F .915
(indirectly by calling)102 517.8 R F2 -.1(ge)3.415 G(thostbyname).1 E F1 .915
(or directly by looking up MX records\).)3.415 F .915(If the)5.915 F F0(I)3.415
E F1 .915(option is set,)3.415 F F2(sendmail)102 529.8 Q F1 .135
(will interpret this to mean a temporary f)2.635 F .135
(ailure and will queue the mail for later processing;)-.1 F .884
(otherwise, it ignores the name serv)102 541.8 R .884(er data.)-.15 F .884
(If your name serv)5.884 F .884(er is running properly)-.15 F 3.383(,t)-.65 G
.883(he setting of)452.794 541.8 R 1.164(this option is not rele)102 553.8 R
-.25(va)-.25 G 1.164(nt; ho).25 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.964 -.4(r, i).15 H
3.664(ti).4 G 3.664(si)265.818 553.8 S 1.164
(mportant that it be set properly to mak)276.152 553.8 R 3.665(ee)-.1 G 1.165
(rror handling)450.345 553.8 R -.1(wo)102 565.8 S(rk properly).1 E(.)-.65 E
.633(This option also allo)127 582 R .633(ws you to tweak name serv)-.25 F .633
(er options.)-.15 F .632(The command line tak)5.633 F .632(es a series)-.1 F
.442(of \215ags as documented in)102 594 R F2 -.37(re)2.942 G(solver).37 E F1
.442(\(3\) \(with the leading \231RES_\232 deleted\).)B .442
(Each can be preceded by)5.442 F(an optional `+' or `)102 606 Q/F4 10/Symbol SF
(-)A F1 2.5('. F)B(or e)-.15 E(xample, the line)-.15 E(OIT)142 622.2 Q(rue +AA)
-.35 E(ONL)-.55 E(Y)-1 E F4(-)2.5 E F1(DNSRCH)A .862(turns on the AA)102 638.4
R(ONL)-.55 E 3.362(Y\()-1 G .862(accept authoritati)201.658 638.4 R 1.162 -.15
(ve a)-.25 H .861(nswers only\) and turns of).15 F 3.361(ft)-.25 G .861
(he DNSRCH \(search the)402.827 638.4 R 2.039(domain path\) options.)102 650.4
R 2.039(Most resolv)7.039 F 2.039(er libraries def)-.15 F 2.039
(ault DNSRCH, DEFN)-.1 F 2.039(AMES, and RECURSE)-.35 F .187
(\215ags on and all others of)102 662.4 R 2.687(f. Note)-.25 F .186
(the use of the initial `)2.686 F(`T)-.74 E(rue')-.35 E 2.686('\212t)-.74 G
.186(his is for compatibility with pre)365.82 662.4 R(vi-)-.25 E(ous v)102
674.4 Q(ersions of)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1 2.5(,b)C
(ut is not otherwise necessary)210.81 674.4 Q(.)-.65 E -1.11(Ve)127 690.6 S
2.256(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.756(l1c).15 G 2.256
(on\214gurations turn DNSRCH and DEFN)200.298 690.6 R 2.257(AMES of)-.35 F
4.757(fw)-.25 G 2.257(hen doing deli)424.896 690.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E
2.06(lookups, b)102 702.6 R 2.06(ut lea)-.2 F 2.36 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.06
(hem on e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.06(rywhere else.).15 F -1.11(Ve)7.06 G 2.06
(rsion 8 of)1.11 F F2(sendmail)4.56 E F1 2.06(ignores them when doing)4.56 F
.313(canoni\214cation lookups \(that is, when using $[ ... $]\), and al)102
714.6 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .313(ys does the search.).1 F .313(If you don')5.313 F
2.813(tw)-.18 G(ant)491.78 714.6 Q EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-24 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(to do automatic name e)102 96 Q(xtension, don')-.15 E 2.5(tc)-.18 G
(all $[ ... $].)261.93 96 Q .189(The search rules for $[ ... $] are some)127
112.2 R .189(what dif)-.25 F .189(ferent than usual.)-.25 F .189
(If the name \(that is, the `)5.189 F(`...)-.74 E -.74('')-.7 G(\)).74 E .109
(has at least one dot, it al)102 124.2 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .109
(ys tries the unmodi\214ed name \214rst.).1 F .11(If that f)5.11 F .11
(ails, it tries the reduced search)-.1 F .124
(path, and lastly tries the unmodi\214ed name \(b)102 136.2 R .124
(ut only for names without a dot, since names with a dot)-.2 F(ha)102 148.2 Q
.788 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .488(lready been tried\).).15 F .488(This allo)5.488 F
.489(ws names such as `)-.25 F(`utc.CS')-.74 E 2.989('t)-.74 G 2.989(om)362.805
148.2 S .489(atch the site in Czechoslo)378.574 148.2 R -.25(va)-.15 G(kia).25
E 1.588(rather than the site in your local Computer Science department.)102
160.2 R 1.587(It also prefers A and CN)6.587 F(AME)-.35 E .512(records o)102
172.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.012(rM).15 G 3.012(Xr)163.814 172.2 S .512
(ecords \212 that is, if it \214nds an MX record it mak)177.376 172.2 R .513
(es note of it, b)-.1 F .513(ut k)-.2 F .513(eeps looking.)-.1 F 1.542(This w)
102 184.2 R(ay)-.1 E 4.042(,i)-.65 G 4.042(fy)149.054 184.2 S 1.541(ou ha)
161.426 184.2 R 1.841 -.15(ve a w)-.2 H 1.541
(ildcard MX record matching your domain, it will not assume that all).15 F
(names match.)102 196.2 Q F0 2.5(4.10. Mo)87 220.2 R(ving the P)-.1 E(er)-.2 E
(-User F)-.37 E(orward Files)-.25 E F1 .772(Some sites mount each user')127
236.4 R 3.272(sh)-.55 G .772(ome directory from a local disk on their w)256.13
236.4 R .772(orkstation, so that)-.1 F .576(local access is f)102 248.4 R 3.076
(ast. Ho)-.1 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.376 -.4(r, t).15 H .575
(he result is that .forw).4 F .575(ard \214le lookups are slo)-.1 F 4.375 -.65
(w. I)-.25 H 3.075(ns).65 G .575(ome cases, mail)439.25 248.4 R .216(can e)102
260.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.716(nb).15 G 2.716(ed)144.792 260.4 S(eli)156.948
260.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .216
(red on machines inappropriately because of a \214le serv).15 F .216
(er being do)-.15 F 2.716(wn. The)-.25 F(perfor)2.716 E(-)-.2 E
(mance can be especially bad if you run the automounter)102 272.4 Q(.)-.55 E
(The)127 288.6 Q F0(J)2.5 E F1(option allo)2.5 E(ws you to set a path of forw)
-.25 E(ard \214les.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G
(xample, the con\214g \214le line)366.6 288.6 Q(OJ/v)142 304.8 Q(ar/forw)-.25 E
(ard/$u:$z/.forw)-.1 E(ard)-.1 E -.1(wo)102 321 S .208
(uld \214rst look for a \214le with the same name as the user').1 F 2.707(sl)
-.55 G .207(ogin in /v)343.191 321 R(ar/forw)-.25 E .207
(ard; if that is not found)-.1 F .129
(\(or is inaccessible\) the \214le \231.forw)102 333 R .129
(ard\232 in the user')-.1 F 2.629(sh)-.55 G .13(ome directory is searched.)
311.901 333 R 2.63(At)5.13 G .13(ruly perv)435.02 333 R .13(erse site)-.15 F
(could also search by sender by using $r)102 345 Q 2.5(,$)-.4 G(s, or $f.)
269.07 345 Q .69(If you create a directory such as /v)127 361.2 R(ar/forw)-.25
E .69(ard, it should be mode 1777 \(that is, the stick)-.1 F 3.19(yb)-.15 G(it)
498.44 361.2 Q(should be set\).)102 373.2 Q
(Users should create the \214les mode 644.)5 E F0 2.5(4.11. Fr)87 397.2 R
(ee Space)-.18 E F1 1.122(On systems that ha)127 413.4 R 1.422 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
(he).15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(statfs)3.622 E F1 1.123
(\(2\) system call, you can specify a minimum number of free)B .61
(blocks on the queue \214lesystem using the)102 425.4 R F0(b)3.11 E F1 3.11
(option. If)3.11 F .61(there are fe)3.11 F .61
(wer than the indicated number of)-.25 F .406
(blocks free on the \214lesystem on which the queue is mounted the SMTP serv)
102 437.4 R .407(er will reject mail with)-.15 F(the 452 error code.)102 449.4
Q(This in)5 E(vites the SMTP client to try ag)-.4 E(ain later)-.05 E(.)-.55 E
(Be)127 465.6 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G .746(re of setting this option too high; it can \
cause rejection of email when that mail w).1 F(ould)-.1 E
(be processed without dif)102 477.6 Q(\214culty)-.25 E(.)-.65 E 1.772
(This option can also specify an adv)127 493.8 R 1.773
(ertised \231maximum message size\232 for hosts that speak)-.15 F(ESMTP)102
505.8 Q(.)-1.11 E F0 2.5(4.12. Pri)87 529.8 R -.1(va)-.1 G(cy Flags).1 E F1
(The)127 546 Q F0(p)3.591 E F1 1.091(option allo)3.591 F 1.091
(ws you to set certain `)-.25 F(`pri)-.74 E -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 2.571
-.74('' \215).15 H 3.591(ags. Actually).74 F 3.59(,m)-.65 G(an)409.27 546 Q
3.59(yo)-.15 G 3.59(ft)432.15 546 S 1.09(hem don')441.85 546 R 3.59(tg)-.18 G
-2.15 -.25(iv e)492.18 546 T .254(you an)102 558 R 2.754(ye)-.15 G .254
(xtra pri)141.088 558 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 2.754(,r)-.5 G .254
(ather just insisting that client SMTP serv)196.666 558 R .254
(ers use the HELO command before)-.15 F(using certain commands.)102 570 Q .124
(The option tak)127 586.2 R .124(es a series of \215ag names; the \214nal pri)
-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .424 -.15(cy i).25 H 2.624(st).15 G .124(he inclusi)
367.708 586.2 R .424 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 2.624(ro).15 G 2.624(ft)434.06 586.2 S
.123(hose \215ags.)442.794 586.2 R -.15(Fo)5.123 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 598.2 S
(ample:).15 E(Op needmailhelo, noe)142 614.4 Q(xpn)-.15 E .928(insists that th\
e HELO or EHLO command be used before a MAIL command is accepted and dis-)102
630.6 R(ables the EXPN command.)102 642.6 Q .244(The \231restrictmailq\232 opt\
ion restricts printing the queue to the group that o)127 658.8 R .244
(wns the queue direc-)-.25 F(tory)102 670.8 Q 5(.I)-.65 G 2.5(ti)128.29 670.8 S
2.5(sa)136.35 670.8 S(bsurd to set this if you don')147.18 670.8 Q 2.5(ta)-.18
G(lso protect the logs.)266.72 670.8 Q .83(The \231restrictqrun\232 option res\
tricts people running the queue \(that is, using the)127 687 R F0<ad71>3.33 E
F1(command)3.33 E(line \215ag\) to root and the o)102 699 Q
(wner of the queue directory)-.25 E(.)-.65 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-25)452.9 60 Q 2.5(4.13. Send)87 96 R(to Me T)2.5 E(oo)-.92 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF(Normally)127 112.2 Q(,)-.65 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(sendmail)3.424 E F1 .924(deletes the \(en)3.424 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .923
(lope\) sender from an).15 F 3.423(yl)-.15 G .923(ist e)375.488 112.2 R 3.423
(xpansions. F)-.15 F .923(or e)-.15 F .923(xample, if)-.15 F .761(\231matt\232\
sends to a list that contains \231matt\232 as one of the members he w)102
124.2 R(on')-.1 E 3.261(tg)-.18 G .761(et a cop)416.705 124.2 R 3.261(yo)-.1 G
3.261(ft)462.488 124.2 S .761(he mes-)471.859 124.2 R 3.067(sage. If)102 136.2
R(the)3.067 E F0<ad6d>3.067 E F1 .567
(\(me too\) command line \215ag, or if the)3.067 F F0(m)3.066 E F1 .566
(option is set in the con\214guration \214le, this)3.066 F(beha)102 148.2 Q
(viour is supressed.)-.2 E(Some sites lik)5 E 2.5(et)-.1 G 2.5(or)265.58 148.2
S(un the)276.41 148.2 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(SMTP)2.5 E F1(daemon with)2.5 E
F0<ad6d>2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(5. THE)72 172.2 R(WHOLE SCOOP ON THE CONFIGURA)2.5
E(TION FILE)-.95 E F1 .264(This section describes the con\214guration \214le i\
n detail, including hints on ho)112 188.4 R 2.764(wt)-.25 G 2.764(ow)426.294
188.4 S .264(rite one of your)441.278 188.4 R -.25(ow)87 200.4 S 2.5(ni).25 G
2.5(fy)109.25 200.4 S(ou ha)120.08 200.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(o.).15 E .648(Th\
ere is one point that should be made clear immediately: the syntax of the con\
\214guration \214le is)112 216.6 R 1.076
(designed to be reasonably easy to parse, since this is done e)87 228.6 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G 1.077(ry time).15 F F2(sendmail)3.577 E F1 1.077
(starts up, rather than)3.577 F(easy for a human to read or write.)87 240.6 Q
(On the \231future project\232 list is a con\214guration-\214le compiler)5 E(.)
-.55 E(An o)112 256.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(rvie).15 E 2.5(wo)-.25 G 2.5(ft)170.88
256.8 S(he con\214guration \214le is gi)179.49 256.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5<6e8c>
.15 G(rst, follo)301.59 256.8 Q(wed by details of the semantics.)-.25 E F0 2.5
(5.1. Con\214guration)87 280.8 R(File Lines)2.5 E F1 1.316
(The con\214guration \214le is or)127 297 R -.05(ga)-.18 G 1.316
(nized as a series of lines, each of which be).05 F 1.315(gins with a single)
-.15 F .741(character de\214ning the semantics for the rest of the line.)102
309 R .742(Lines be)5.742 F .742(ginning with a space or a tab are)-.15 F 1.149
(continuation lines \(although the semantics are not well de\214ned in man)102
321 R 3.648(yp)-.15 G 3.648(laces\). Blank)407.516 321 R 1.148(lines and)3.648
F(lines be)102 333 Q(ginning with a sharp symbol \(`#'\) are comments.)-.15 E
F0 2.5(5.1.1. R)102 357 R(and S \212 r)2.5 E(ewriting rules)-.18 E F1 .406
(The core of address parsing are the re)142 373.2 R .406(writing rules.)-.25 F
.407(These are an ordered production sys-)5.407 F(tem.)117 385.2 Q F2(Sendmail)
5.283 E F1 .283(scans through the set of re)2.783 F .282
(writing rules looking for a match on the left hand side)-.25 F .131
(\(LHS\) of the rule.)117 397.2 R .131(When a rule matches, the address is rep\
laced by the right hand side \(RHS\) of)5.131 F(the rule.)117 409.2 Q 1.126
(There are se)142 425.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.126(ral sets of re).15 F 1.126
(writing rules.)-.25 F 1.126(Some of the re)6.126 F 1.125
(writing sets are used internally)-.25 F .21(and must ha)117 437.4 R .51 -.15
(ve s)-.2 H .21(peci\214c semantics.).15 F .21(Other re)5.21 F .21
(writing sets do not ha)-.25 F .51 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .21
(peci\214cally assigned seman-).15 F
(tics, and may be referenced by the mailer de\214nitions or by other re)117
449.4 Q(writing sets.)-.25 E(The syntax of these tw)142 465.6 Q 2.5(oc)-.1 G
(ommands are:)244.38 465.6 Q F0(S)157 481.8 Q F2(n)A F1 .278
(Sets the current ruleset being collected to)117 498 R F2(n)2.778 E F1 5.278
(.I)C 2.778(fy)302.524 498 S .278(ou be)313.632 498 R .278
(gin a ruleset more than once it deletes the)-.15 F(old de\214nition.)117 510 Q
F0(R)157 526.2 Q F2(lhs rhs comments)A F1 .303(The \214elds must be separated \
by at least one tab character; there may be embedded spaces in the)117 542.4 R
2.739(\214elds. The)117 554.4 R F2(lhs)2.739 E F1 .239
(is a pattern that is applied to the input.)2.739 F .238
(If it matches, the input is re)5.238 F .238(written to the)-.25 F F2(rhs)117
566.4 Q F1 5(.T)C(he)143.39 566.4 Q F2(comments)2.5 E F1(are ignored.)2.5 E
2.265(Macro e)142 582.6 R 2.265(xpansions of the form)-.15 F F0($)4.765 E F2(x)
A F1 2.266(are performed when the con\214guration \214le is read.)4.765 F .081
(Expansions of the form)117 594.6 R F0($&)2.581 E F2(x)A F1 .081
(are performed at run time using a some)2.581 F .08
(what less general algorithm.)-.25 F .639
(This for is intended only for referencing internally de\214ned macros such as)
117 606.6 R F0($h)3.139 E F1 .639(that are changed)3.139 F(at runtime.)117
618.6 Q F0 2.5(5.1.1.1. The)117 642.6 R(left hand side)2.5 E F1 1.617
(The left hand side of re)157 658.8 R 1.617(writing rules contains a pattern.)
-.25 F 1.617(Normal w)6.617 F 1.617(ords are simply)-.1 F(matched directly)132
670.8 Q 5(.M)-.65 G(etasyntax is introduced using a dollar sign.)214.67 670.8 Q
(The metasymbols are:)5 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-26 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E($*)172 96 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(Match zero or more tok)192.14 96 Q(ens)-.1 E F0($+)172 108 Q F1
(Match one or more tok)9.44 E(ens)-.1 E F0<24ad>172 120 Q F1(Match e)9.44 E
(xactly one tok)-.15 E(en)-.1 E F0($=)172 132 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)A F1
(Match an)5 E 2.5(yp)-.15 G(hrase in class)241.98 132 Q F2(x)2.5 E F0($~)172
144 Q F2(x)A F1(Match an)7.37 E 2.5(yw)-.15 G(ord not in class)244.1 144 Q F2
(x)2.5 E F1 .498(If an)132 160.2 R 2.998(yo)-.15 G 2.998(ft)163.946 160.2 S
.499(hese match, the)173.054 160.2 R 2.999(ya)-.15 G .499
(re assigned to the symbol)248.271 160.2 R F0($)2.999 E F2(n)A F1 .499
(for replacement on the right hand)2.999 F(side, where)132 172.2 Q F2(n)2.5 E
F1(is the inde)2.5 E 2.5(xi)-.15 G 2.5(nt)238.78 172.2 S(he LHS.)249.06 172.2 Q
-.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, if the LHS:)307.92 172.2 Q($\255:$+)172 188.4
Q(is applied to the input:)132 204.6 Q(UCB)172 220.8 Q(ARP)-.35 E(A:eric)-.92 E
(the rule will match, and the v)132 237 Q(alues passed to the RHS will be:)-.25
E 7.5($1 UCB)172 253.2 R(ARP)-.35 E(A)-.92 E 7.5($2 eric)172 265.2 R
(Additionally)157 285.6 Q 3.398(,t)-.65 G .898(he LHS can include)215.588 285.6
R F0($@)3.398 E F1 .898(to match zero tok)3.398 F 3.398(ens. This)-.1 F(is)
3.398 E F2(not)3.398 E F1 .898(bound to a)3.398 F F0($)132 297.6 Q F2(N)A F1
.837(on the RHS, and is normally only used when it stands alone in order to ma\
tch the null)3.337 F(input.)132 309.6 Q F0 2.5(5.1.1.2. The)117 333.6 R
(right hand side)2.5 E F1 .526(When the left hand side of a re)157 349.8 R .525
(writing rule matches, the input is deleted and replaced)-.25 F .931
(by the right hand side.)132 361.8 R -.8(To)5.932 G -.1(ke).8 G .932
(ns are copied directly from the RHS unless the).1 F 3.432(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg)
457.846 361.8 S .932(in with a).15 F(dollar sign.)132 373.8 Q(Metasymbols are:)
5 E F0($)172 390 Q F2(n)A F1(Substitute inde\214nite tok)222.55 390 Q(en)-.1 E
F2(n)2.5 E F1(from LHS)2.5 E F0($[)172 402 Q F2(name)A F0($])A F1(Canonicalize)
222.55 402 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0($\()172 414 Q F2(map k)A -.3(ey)-.1 G F0($@)2.8 E
F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0($:)2.5 E F2(default)A F0($\))2.5 E F1(Generalized k)
222.55 426 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(ed mapping function).15 E F0($>)172 438 Q F2(n)A F1
(\231Call\232 ruleset)222.55 438 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0($#)172 450 Q F2(mailer)A F1
(Resolv)222.55 450 Q 2.5(et)-.15 G(o)259.9 450 Q F2(mailer)2.5 E F0($@)172 462
Q F2(host)A F1(Specify)222.55 462 Q F2(host)2.5 E F0($:)172 474 Q F2(user)A F1
(Specify)222.55 474 Q F2(user)2.5 E F1(The)157 494.4 Q F0($)3.013 E F2(n)A F1
.513(syntax substitutes the corresponding v)3.013 F .513(alue from a)-.25 F F0
($+)3.013 E F1(,)A F0<24ad>3.013 E F1(,)A F0($*)3.012 E F1(,)A F0($=)3.012 E F1
3.012(,o)C(r)461.876 494.4 Q F0($~)3.012 E F1(match)3.012 E(on the LHS.)132
506.4 Q(It may be used an)5 E(ywhere.)-.15 E 2.7(Ah)157 522.6 S .2
(ost name enclosed between)171.92 522.6 R F0($[)2.7 E F1(and)2.7 E F0($])2.7 E
F1 .2(is look)2.7 F .201(ed up using the)-.1 F F2 -.1(ge)2.701 G(thostent).1 E
F1 .201(\(3\) routines)1.666 F 3.333(and replaced by the canonical name)132
536.6 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(8)291.675 532.6 Q F1 8.333(.F)295.175 536.6 S
3.333(or e)311.418 536.6 R 3.332
(xample, \231$[csam$]\232 might become \231lbl-)-.15 F 1.923
(csam.arpa\232 and \231$[[128.32.130.2]$]\232 w)132 548.6 R 1.923
(ould become \231v)-.1 F(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU.)
.65 E<9a>-.7 E F2(Send-)6.924 E(mail)132 560.6 Q F1 .436(recognizes it')2.936 F
2.936(sn)-.55 G .436(umeric IP address without calling the name serv)218.578
560.6 R .435(er and replaces it with)-.15 F(it')132 572.6 Q 2.5(sc)-.55 G
(anonical name.)151.17 572.6 Q(The)157 588.8 Q F0($\()2.861 E F1(...)2.861 E F0
(syntax is a more general form of lookup; it uses a named map instead of)2.861
F .125(an implicit map.)132 600.8 R .125(If no lookup is found, the indicted)
5.125 F F2(default)2.625 E F1 .124(is inserted; if no def)2.625 F .124
(ault is speci-)-.1 F(\214ed and no lookup matches, the v)132 612.8 Q
(alue is left unchanged.)-.25 E(The)157 629 Q F0($>)3.571 E F2(n)A F1 1.071
(syntax causes the remainder of the line to be substituted as usual and then)
3.571 F .572(passed as the ar)132 641 R .572(gument to ruleset)-.18 F F2(n)
3.072 E F1 5.572(.T)C .572(he \214nal v)288.854 641 R .572(alue of ruleset)-.25
F F2(n)3.072 E F1 .571(then becomes the substitu-)3.072 F(tion for this rule.)
132 653 Q .32 LW 76 678.8 72 678.8 DL 80 678.8 76 678.8 DL 84 678.8 80 678.8 DL
88 678.8 84 678.8 DL 92 678.8 88 678.8 DL 96 678.8 92 678.8 DL 100 678.8 96
678.8 DL 104 678.8 100 678.8 DL 108 678.8 104 678.8 DL 112 678.8 108 678.8 DL
116 678.8 112 678.8 DL 120 678.8 116 678.8 DL 124 678.8 120 678.8 DL 128 678.8
124 678.8 DL 132 678.8 128 678.8 DL 136 678.8 132 678.8 DL 140 678.8 136 678.8
DL 144 678.8 140 678.8 DL 148 678.8 144 678.8 DL 152 678.8 148 678.8 DL 156
678.8 152 678.8 DL 160 678.8 156 678.8 DL 164 678.8 160 678.8 DL 168 678.8 164
678.8 DL 172 678.8 168 678.8 DL 176 678.8 172 678.8 DL 180 678.8 176 678.8 DL
184 678.8 180 678.8 DL 188 678.8 184 678.8 DL 192 678.8 188 678.8 DL 196 678.8
192 678.8 DL 200 678.8 196 678.8 DL 204 678.8 200 678.8 DL 208 678.8 204 678.8
DL 212 678.8 208 678.8 DL 216 678.8 212 678.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(8)93.6
689.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(This is actually completely equi)3.2 I -.2(va)-.2
G(lent to $\(host).2 E/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(hostname)2 E F5 2($\). In)B
(particular)2 E 2(,a)-.32 G/F7 8/Times-Bold@0 SF($:)A F5(def)2 E
(ault can be used.)-.08 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-27)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)157 96 Q F0($#)3.358 E F1 .858
(syntax should)3.358 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(only)3.358 E F1 .858
(be used in ruleset zero or a subroutine of ruleset zero.)3.358 F(It)5.859 E
1.1(causes e)132 108 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.1
(luation of the ruleset to terminate immediately).25 F 3.6(,a)-.65 G 1.1
(nd signals to)377.11 108 R F2(sendmail)3.6 E F1 1.1(that the)3.6 F
(address has completely resolv)132 120 Q 2.5(ed. The)-.15 F
(complete syntax is:)2.5 E F0($#)172 136.2 Q F2(mailer)A F0($@)2.5 E F2(host)A
F0($:)2.5 E F2(user)A F1 .394(This speci\214es the {mailer)132 152.4 R 2.894
(,h)-.4 G .394(ost, user} 3-tuple necessary to direct the mailer)245.466 152.4
R 5.394(.I)-.55 G 2.894(ft)447.548 152.4 S .394(he mailer is)456.552 152.4 R
.135(local the host part may be omitted)132 166.4 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(9)
268.91 162.4 Q F1 5.135(.T)272.41 166.4 S(he)286.155 166.4 Q F2(mailer)2.635 E
F1 .136(must be a single w)2.636 F .136(ord, b)-.1 F .136(ut the)-.2 F F2(host)
2.636 E F1(and)2.636 E F2(user)2.636 E F1 .252(may be multi-part.)132 178.4 R
.252(If the)5.252 F F2(mailer)2.752 E F1 .252(is the b)2.752 F .252
(uiltin IPC mailer)-.2 F 2.752(,t)-.4 G(he)369.722 178.4 Q F2(host)2.752 E F1
.251(may be a colon-separated)2.752 F 2.439
(list of hosts that are searched in order for the \214rst w)132 190.4 R 2.439
(orking address \(e)-.1 F 2.439(xactly lik)-.15 F 4.939(eM)-.1 G(X)496.78 190.4
Q(records\).)132 202.4 Q 3.795(AR)157 218.6 S 1.295
(HS may also be preceded by a)174.685 218.6 R F0($@)3.795 E F1 1.295(or a)3.795
F F0($:)3.795 E F1 1.294(to control e)3.795 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.794(luation. A)
.25 F F0($@)3.794 E F1(pre\214x)3.794 E .61
(causes the ruleset to return with the remainder of the RHS as the v)132 230.6
R 3.111(alue. A)-.25 F F0($:)3.111 E F1 .611(pre\214x causes)3.111 F .432
(the rule to terminate immediately)132 242.6 R 2.931(,b)-.65 G .431
(ut the ruleset to continue; this can be used to a)276.629 242.6 R -.2(vo)-.2 G
.431(id con-).2 F(tinued application of a rule.)132 254.6 Q
(The pre\214x is stripped before continuing.)5 E(The)157 270.8 Q F0($@)2.5 E F1
(and)2.5 E F0($:)2.5 E F1(pre\214x)2.5 E(es may precede a)-.15 E F0($>)2.5 E F1
(spec; for e)2.5 E(xample:)-.15 E 20.19(R$+ $:)172 287 R($>7 $1)2.5 E .256
(matches an)132 303.2 R .256(ything, passes that to ruleset se)-.15 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G .256(n, and continues; the).15 F F0($:)2.756 E F1 .256
(is necessary to a)2.756 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .256(id an).2 F(in\214nite loop.)132
315.2 Q .051(Substitution occurs in the order described, that is, parameters f\
rom the LHS are substi-)157 331.4 R .556(tuted, hostnames are canonicalized, \
\231subroutines\232 are called, and \214nally)132 343.4 R F0($#)3.056 E F1(,)A
F0($@)3.056 E F1 3.056(,a)C(nd)467.346 343.4 Q F0($:)3.057 E F1(are)3.057 E
(processed.)132 355.4 Q F0 2.5(5.1.1.3. Semantics)117 379.4 R(of r)2.5 E
(ewriting rule sets)-.18 E F1 2.922(There are \214v)157 395.6 R 5.422(er)-.15 G
-.25(ew)226.976 395.6 S 2.922(riting sets that ha).25 F 3.222 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
2.922(peci\214c semantics.).15 F 2.921(These are related as)7.921 F
(depicted by \214gure 2.)132 407.6 Q .4 LW 77 441.2 72 441.2 DL 79 441.2 74
441.2 DL 84 441.2 79 441.2 DL 89 441.2 84 441.2 DL 94 441.2 89 441.2 DL 99
441.2 94 441.2 DL 104 441.2 99 441.2 DL 109 441.2 104 441.2 DL 114 441.2 109
441.2 DL 119 441.2 114 441.2 DL 124 441.2 119 441.2 DL 129 441.2 124 441.2 DL
134 441.2 129 441.2 DL 139 441.2 134 441.2 DL 144 441.2 139 441.2 DL 149 441.2
144 441.2 DL 154 441.2 149 441.2 DL 159 441.2 154 441.2 DL 164 441.2 159 441.2
DL 169 441.2 164 441.2 DL 174 441.2 169 441.2 DL 179 441.2 174 441.2 DL 184
441.2 179 441.2 DL 189 441.2 184 441.2 DL 194 441.2 189 441.2 DL 199 441.2 194
441.2 DL 204 441.2 199 441.2 DL 209 441.2 204 441.2 DL 214 441.2 209 441.2 DL
219 441.2 214 441.2 DL 224 441.2 219 441.2 DL 229 441.2 224 441.2 DL 234 441.2
229 441.2 DL 239 441.2 234 441.2 DL 244 441.2 239 441.2 DL 249 441.2 244 441.2
DL 254 441.2 249 441.2 DL 259 441.2 254 441.2 DL 264 441.2 259 441.2 DL 269
441.2 264 441.2 DL 274 441.2 269 441.2 DL 279 441.2 274 441.2 DL 284 441.2 279
441.2 DL 289 441.2 284 441.2 DL 294 441.2 289 441.2 DL 299 441.2 294 441.2 DL
304 441.2 299 441.2 DL 309 441.2 304 441.2 DL 314 441.2 309 441.2 DL 319 441.2
314 441.2 DL 324 441.2 319 441.2 DL 329 441.2 324 441.2 DL 334 441.2 329 441.2
DL 339 441.2 334 441.2 DL 344 441.2 339 441.2 DL 349 441.2 344 441.2 DL 354
441.2 349 441.2 DL 359 441.2 354 441.2 DL 364 441.2 359 441.2 DL 369 441.2 364
441.2 DL 374 441.2 369 441.2 DL 379 441.2 374 441.2 DL 384 441.2 379 441.2 DL
389 441.2 384 441.2 DL 394 441.2 389 441.2 DL 399 441.2 394 441.2 DL 404 441.2
399 441.2 DL 409 441.2 404 441.2 DL 414 441.2 409 441.2 DL 419 441.2 414 441.2
DL 424 441.2 419 441.2 DL 429 441.2 424 441.2 DL 434 441.2 429 441.2 DL 439
441.2 434 441.2 DL 444 441.2 439 441.2 DL 449 441.2 444 441.2 DL 454 441.2 449
441.2 DL 459 441.2 454 441.2 DL 464 441.2 459 441.2 DL 469 441.2 464 441.2 DL
474 441.2 469 441.2 DL 479 441.2 474 441.2 DL 484 441.2 479 441.2 DL 489 441.2
484 441.2 DL 494 441.2 489 441.2 DL 499 441.2 494 441.2 DL 504 441.2 499 441.2
DL(addr)91.915 535.6 Q 133.2 533.6 111.6 533.6 DL 133.2 533.6 126 535.4 DL
133.2 533.6 126 531.8 DL(3)141.5 535.6 Q 133.2 522.8 133.2 544.4 DL 154.8 522.8
133.2 522.8 DL 154.8 544.4 154.8 522.8 DL 133.2 544.4 154.8 544.4 DL 176.4
533.6 154.8 533.6 DL 176.4 533.6 169.2 535.4 DL 176.4 533.6 169.2 531.8 DL(D)
183.59 535.6 Q 176.4 522.8 176.4 544.4 DL 198 522.8 176.4 522.8 DL 198 544.4
198 522.8 DL 176.4 544.4 198 544.4 DL 219.6 533.6 198 533.6 DL 277.2 515.6
255.6 515.6 DL 277.2 515.6 270 517.4 DL 277.2 515.6 270 513.8 DL(1)285.5 517.6
Q 277.2 504.8 277.2 526.4 DL 298.8 504.8 277.2 504.8 DL 298.8 526.4 298.8 504.8
DL 277.2 526.4 298.8 526.4 DL 320.4 515.6 298.8 515.6 DL 320.4 515.6 313.2
517.4 DL 320.4 515.6 313.2 513.8 DL(S)328.42 517.6 Q 320.4 504.8 320.4 526.4 DL
342 504.8 320.4 504.8 DL 342 526.4 342 504.8 DL 320.4 526.4 342 526.4 DL 363.6
515.6 342 515.6 DL 277.2 551.6 255.6 551.6 DL 277.2 551.6 270 553.4 DL 277.2
551.6 270 549.8 DL(2)285.5 553.6 Q 277.2 540.8 277.2 562.4 DL 298.8 540.8 277.2
540.8 DL 298.8 562.4 298.8 540.8 DL 277.2 562.4 298.8 562.4 DL 320.4 551.6
298.8 551.6 DL 320.4 551.6 313.2 553.4 DL 320.4 551.6 313.2 549.8 DL(R)327.865
553.6 Q 320.4 540.8 320.4 562.4 DL 342 540.8 320.4 540.8 DL 342 562.4 342 540.8
DL 320.4 562.4 342 562.4 DL 363.6 551.6 342 551.6 DL 421.2 533.6 399.6 533.6 DL
421.2 533.6 414 535.4 DL 421.2 533.6 414 531.8 DL(4)429.5 535.6 Q 421.2 522.8
421.2 544.4 DL 442.8 522.8 421.2 522.8 DL 442.8 544.4 442.8 522.8 DL 421.2
544.4 442.8 544.4 DL 464.4 533.6 442.8 533.6 DL 464.4 533.6 457.2 535.4 DL
464.4 533.6 457.2 531.8 DL(msg)466.865 535.6 Q 255.6 515.6 219.6 533.6 DL 255.6
551.6 219.6 533.6 DL 399.6 533.6 363.6 515.6 DL 399.6 533.6 363.6 551.6 DL
208.8 479.6 187.2 479.6 DL 208.8 479.6 201.6 481.4 DL 208.8 479.6 201.6 477.8
DL(0)217.1 481.6 Q 208.8 468.8 208.8 490.4 DL 230.4 468.8 208.8 468.8 DL 230.4
490.4 230.4 468.8 DL 208.8 490.4 230.4 490.4 DL 252 479.6 230.4 479.6 DL 252
479.6 244.8 481.4 DL 252 479.6 244.8 477.8 DL(resolv)265.69 481.6 Q(ed address)
-.15 E 187.2 479.6 162 533.6 DL(Figure 2 \212 Re)216.045 581.6 Q
(writing set semantics)-.25 E 2.5(D\212s)209.35 593.6 S(ender domain addition)
235.46 593.6 Q 2.5(S\212m)209.35 605.6 S(ailer)237.69 605.6 Q
(-speci\214c sender re)-.2 E(writing)-.25 E 2.5(R\212m)209.35 617.6 S(ailer)
238.8 617.6 Q(-speci\214c recipient re)-.2 E(writing)-.25 E 77 629.6 72 629.6
DL 79 629.6 74 629.6 DL 84 629.6 79 629.6 DL 89 629.6 84 629.6 DL 94 629.6 89
629.6 DL 99 629.6 94 629.6 DL 104 629.6 99 629.6 DL 109 629.6 104 629.6 DL 114
629.6 109 629.6 DL 119 629.6 114 629.6 DL 124 629.6 119 629.6 DL 129 629.6 124
629.6 DL 134 629.6 129 629.6 DL 139 629.6 134 629.6 DL 144 629.6 139 629.6 DL
149 629.6 144 629.6 DL 154 629.6 149 629.6 DL 159 629.6 154 629.6 DL 164 629.6
159 629.6 DL 169 629.6 164 629.6 DL 174 629.6 169 629.6 DL 179 629.6 174 629.6
DL 184 629.6 179 629.6 DL 189 629.6 184 629.6 DL 194 629.6 189 629.6 DL 199
629.6 194 629.6 DL 204 629.6 199 629.6 DL 209 629.6 204 629.6 DL 214 629.6 209
629.6 DL 219 629.6 214 629.6 DL 224 629.6 219 629.6 DL 229 629.6 224 629.6 DL
234 629.6 229 629.6 DL 239 629.6 234 629.6 DL 244 629.6 239 629.6 DL 249 629.6
244 629.6 DL 254 629.6 249 629.6 DL 259 629.6 254 629.6 DL 264 629.6 259 629.6
DL 269 629.6 264 629.6 DL 274 629.6 269 629.6 DL 279 629.6 274 629.6 DL 284
629.6 279 629.6 DL 289 629.6 284 629.6 DL 294 629.6 289 629.6 DL 299 629.6 294
629.6 DL 304 629.6 299 629.6 DL 309 629.6 304 629.6 DL 314 629.6 309 629.6 DL
319 629.6 314 629.6 DL 324 629.6 319 629.6 DL 329 629.6 324 629.6 DL 334 629.6
329 629.6 DL 339 629.6 334 629.6 DL 344 629.6 339 629.6 DL 349 629.6 344 629.6
DL 354 629.6 349 629.6 DL 359 629.6 354 629.6 DL 364 629.6 359 629.6 DL 369
629.6 364 629.6 DL 374 629.6 369 629.6 DL 379 629.6 374 629.6 DL 384 629.6 379
629.6 DL 389 629.6 384 629.6 DL 394 629.6 389 629.6 DL 399 629.6 394 629.6 DL
404 629.6 399 629.6 DL 409 629.6 404 629.6 DL 414 629.6 409 629.6 DL 419 629.6
414 629.6 DL 424 629.6 419 629.6 DL 429 629.6 424 629.6 DL 434 629.6 429 629.6
DL 439 629.6 434 629.6 DL 444 629.6 439 629.6 DL 449 629.6 444 629.6 DL 454
629.6 449 629.6 DL 459 629.6 454 629.6 DL 464 629.6 459 629.6 DL 469 629.6 464
629.6 DL 474 629.6 469 629.6 DL 479 629.6 474 629.6 DL 484 629.6 479 629.6 DL
489 629.6 484 629.6 DL 494 629.6 489 629.6 DL 499 629.6 494 629.6 DL 504 629.6
499 629.6 DL .32 LW 76 663.2 72 663.2 DL 80 663.2 76 663.2 DL 84 663.2 80 663.2
DL 88 663.2 84 663.2 DL 92 663.2 88 663.2 DL 96 663.2 92 663.2 DL 100 663.2 96
663.2 DL 104 663.2 100 663.2 DL 108 663.2 104 663.2 DL 112 663.2 108 663.2 DL
116 663.2 112 663.2 DL 120 663.2 116 663.2 DL 124 663.2 120 663.2 DL 128 663.2
124 663.2 DL 132 663.2 128 663.2 DL 136 663.2 132 663.2 DL 140 663.2 136 663.2
DL 144 663.2 140 663.2 DL 148 663.2 144 663.2 DL 152 663.2 148 663.2 DL 156
663.2 152 663.2 DL 160 663.2 156 663.2 DL 164 663.2 160 663.2 DL 168 663.2 164
663.2 DL 172 663.2 168 663.2 DL 176 663.2 172 663.2 DL 180 663.2 176 663.2 DL
184 663.2 180 663.2 DL 188 663.2 184 663.2 DL 192 663.2 188 663.2 DL 196 663.2
192 663.2 DL 200 663.2 196 663.2 DL 204 663.2 200 663.2 DL 208 663.2 204 663.2
DL 212 663.2 208 663.2 DL 216 663.2 212 663.2 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(9)93.6
673.6 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF -.88(Yo)3.2 K 2.208(um).88 G .208(ay w)117.428
676.8 R .208(ant to use it for special \231per user\232 e)-.08 F 2.208
(xtensions. F)-.12 F .208(or e)-.12 F .208
(xample, at CMU you can send email to \231jgm+foo\232; the part af-)-.12 F(ter\
the plus sign is not part of the user name, and is passed to the local mailer\
for local use.)72 686.4 Q EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-28 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.091
(Ruleset three should turn the address into \231canonical form.)157 96 R 6.092
<9a54>-.7 G 1.092(his form should ha)416.914 96 R -.15(ve)-.2 G
(the basic syntax:)132 108 Q(local-part@host-domain-spec)172 124.2 Q 1.296
(If no \231@\232 sign is speci\214ed, then the host-domain-spec)132 140.4 R/F2
10/Times-Italic@0 SF(may)3.796 E F1 1.295(be appended from the sender)3.796 F
1.284(address \(if the)132 152.4 R F0(C)3.784 E F1 1.284
(\215ag is set in the mailer de\214nition corresponding to the)3.784 F F2
(sending)3.784 E F1(mailer\).)3.784 E(Ruleset three is applied by)132 164.4 Q
F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(before doing an)2.5 E(ything with an)-.15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G
(ddress.)411.39 164.4 Q .506(Ruleset zero is applied after ruleset three to ad\
dresses that are going to actually spec-)157 180.6 R .295(ify recipients.)132
192.6 R .295(It must resolv)5.295 F 2.795(et)-.15 G 2.795(oa)258.035 192.6 S F2
({mailer).001 E 2.796(,h)-1.11 G .296(ost, user})312.362 192.6 R F1 2.796
(triple. The)2.796 F F2(mailer)2.796 E F1 .296(must be de\214ned in)2.796 F
.561(the mailer de\214nitions from the con\214guration \214le.)132 204.6 R(The)
5.561 E F2(host)3.061 E F1 .56(is de\214ned into the)3.061 F F0($h)3.06 E F1
.56(macro for)3.06 F(use in the ar)132 216.6 Q(gv e)-.18 E
(xpansion of the speci\214ed mailer)-.15 E(.)-.55 E 1.356(Rulesets one and tw)
157 232.8 R 3.856(oa)-.1 G 1.357
(re applied to all sender and recipient addresses respecti)254.534 232.8 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.)-.65 E(The)132 244.8 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G
(re applied before an)159.34 244.8 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G
(peci\214cation in the mailer de\214nition.)250.27 244.8 Q(The)5 E 2.5(ym)-.15
G(ust ne)429 244.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rr).15 G(esolv)470.81 244.8 Q(e.)-.15 E
.266(Ruleset four is applied to all addresses in the message.)157 261 R .265
(It is typically used to translate)5.265 F(internal to e)132 273 Q
(xternal form.)-.15 E F0 2.5(5.1.1.4. IPC)117 297 R(mailers)2.5 E F1 .332
(Some special processing occurs if the ruleset zero resolv)157 313.2 R .333
(es to an IPC mailer \(that is, a)-.15 F .242
(mailer that has \231[IPC]\232 listed as the P)132 325.2 R .241(ath in the)-.15
F F0(M)2.741 E F1 .241(con\214guration line.)2.741 F .241(The host name passed)
5.241 F .884(after \231$@\232 has MX e)132 337.2 R .885
(xpansion performed; this looks the name up in DNS to \214nd alternate)-.15 F
(deli)132 349.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry sites.).15 E(The host name can also be pro)
157 365.4 Q(vided as a dotted quad in square brack)-.15 E(ets; for e)-.1 E
(xample:)-.15 E([128.32.149.78])172 381.6 Q(This causes direct con)132 397.8 Q
-.15(ve)-.4 G(rsion of the numeric v).15 E(alue to a TCP/IP host address.)-.25
E .894(The host name passed in after the \231$@\232 may also be a colon-separa\
ted list of hosts.)157 414 R .629(Each is separately MX e)132 426 R .629
(xpanded and the results are concatenated to mak)-.15 F 3.13(e\()-.1 G .63
(essentially\) one)440.88 426 R .379(long MX list.)132 438 R .378
(The intent here is to create \231f)5.379 F(ak)-.1 E .378
(e\232 MX records that are not published in DNS)-.1 F(for pri)132 450 Q -.25
(va)-.25 G(te internal netw).25 E(orks.)-.1 E .17
(As a \214nal special case, the host name can be passed in as a te)157 466.2 R
.17(xt string in square brack-)-.15 F(ets:)132 478.2 Q([ucb)172 494.4 Q -.25
(va)-.15 G(x.berk).25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(edu]).65 E 1.245(This form a)
132 510.6 R -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.245(ids the MX mapping.).2 F F0(N.B.:)6.244 E F1
1.244(This is intended only for situations where you)3.744 F(ha)132 522.6 Q
.814 -.15(ve a n)-.2 H(etw).15 E .514(ork \214re)-.1 F -.1(wa)-.25 G .514
(ll, so that your MX record points to a g).1 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G 3.014
(ym).1 G .514(achine; this machine)420.762 522.6 R 1.604
(could then do direct deli)132 534.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.604
(ry to machines within your local domain.).15 F 1.603(Use of this feature)6.603
F(directly violates RFC 1123 section 5.3.5: it should not be used lightly)132
546.6 Q(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(5.1.2. D)102 570.6 R 2.5<8a64>2.5 G(e\214ne macr)157.28
570.6 Q(o)-.18 E F1 .546(Macros are named with a single character)142 586.8 R
5.546(.T)-.55 G .547(hese may be selected from the entire ASCII)325.492 586.8 R
.892(set, b)117 598.8 R .892(ut user)-.2 F .892
(-de\214ned macros should be selected from the set of upper case letters only)
-.2 F 5.892(.L)-.65 G -.25(ow)484.26 598.8 S(er).25 E
(case letters and special symbols are used internally)117 610.8 Q(.)-.65 E
(The syntax for macro de\214nitions is:)142 627 Q F0(D)157 643.2 Q F2 1.666(xv)
C(al)-1.666 E F1(where)117 659.4 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1(is the name of the macro and)
2.5 E F2(val)2.5 E F1(is the v)2.5 E(alue it should ha)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(.)
.15 E 1.085(Macros are interpolated using the construct)142 675.6 R F0($)3.585
E F2(x)A F1 3.585(,w)C(here)346.775 675.6 Q F2(x)3.585 E F1 1.085
(is the name of the macro to be)3.585 F 3.45(interpolated. This)117 687.6 R .95
(interpolation is done when the con\214guration \214le is read, e)3.45 F .95
(xcept in)-.15 F F0(M)3.45 E F1(lines.)3.45 E(The special construct)117 699.6 Q
F0($&)2.5 E F2(x)A F1(can be used in)2.5 E F0(R)2.5 E F1
(lines to get deferred interpolation.)2.5 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-29)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(Conditionals can be speci\214ed using the syntax:)142 96 Q($?x te)157 112.2 Q
(xt1 $| te)-.15 E(xt2 $.)-.15 E .245(This interpolates)117 128.4 R/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(te)2.745 E(xt1)-.2 E F1 .245(if the macro)2.745 F F0($x)
2.745 E F1 .245(is set, and)2.745 F F2(te)2.745 E(xt2)-.2 E F1 2.745
(otherwise. The)2.745 F .246(\231else\232 \()2.746 F F0($|)A F1 2.746(\)c)C
.246(lause may be)451.298 128.4 R(omitted.)117 140.4 Q(Lo)142 156.6 Q .262
(wer case macro names are reserv)-.25 F .262(ed to ha)-.15 F .561 -.15(ve s)-.2
H .261(pecial semantics, used to pass information).15 F 1.162(in or out of)117
168.6 R F2(sendmail)3.663 E F1 3.663(,a)C 1.163
(nd special characters are reserv)215.583 168.6 R 1.163(ed to pro)-.15 F 1.163
(vide conditionals, etc.)-.15 F(Upper)6.163 E(case names \(that is,)117 180.6 Q
F0($A)2.5 E F1(through)2.5 E F0($Z)2.5 E F1 2.5(\)a)C(re speci\214cally reserv)
267.53 180.6 Q(ed for con\214guration \214le authors.)-.15 E .053(The follo)142
196.8 R .053(wing macros are de\214ned and/or used internally by)-.25 F F2
(sendmail)2.552 E F1 .052(for interpolation into)2.552 F(ar)117 208.8 Q(gv')
-.18 E 5.178(sf)-.55 G 2.678(or mailers or for other conte)149.768 208.8 R
5.179(xts. The)-.15 F 2.679(ones mark)5.179 F 2.679
(ed \207 are information passed into)-.1 F(sendmail)117 222.8 Q/F3 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(10)153.11 218.8 Q F1 4.232(,t)160.11 222.8 S 1.732
(he ones mark)169.622 222.8 R 1.732
(ed \210 are information passed both in and out of sendmail, and the)-.1 F
(unmark)117 234.8 Q 2.177(ed macros are passed out of sendmail b)-.1 F 2.177
(ut are not otherwise used internally)-.2 F 7.177(.T)-.65 G(hese)486.23 234.8 Q
(macros are:)117 246.8 Q($a)117 263 Q F0(The origination date in RFC 822 f)142
263 Q(ormat.)-.25 E F1($b)117 279.2 Q F0(The curr)142 279.2 Q
(ent date in RFC 822 f)-.18 E(ormat.)-.25 E F1($c)117 295.4 Q F0
(The hop count.)142 295.4 Q F1($d)117 311.6 Q F0(The curr)142 311.6 Q
(ent date in UNIX \(ctime\) f)-.18 E(ormat.)-.25 E F1($e\207)117 327.8 Q F0
1.342(The SMTP entry message.)142 327.8 R F1 1.341
(This is printed out when SMTP starts up.)6.342 F 1.341(The \214rst w)6.341 F
(ord)-.1 E .428(must be the)142 339.8 R F0($j)2.928 E F1 .429
(macro as speci\214ed by RFC821.)2.928 F(Def)5.429 E .429
(aults to \231$j Sendmail $v ready at $b\232.)-.1 F 2.313
(Commonly rede\214ned to include the con\214guration v)142 351.8 R 2.313
(ersion number)-.15 F 4.813(,e)-.4 G 2.313(.g., \231$j Sendmail)431.874 351.8 R
($v/$Z ready at $b\232)142 363.8 Q($f)117 380 Q F0(The sender \(fr)142 380 Q
(om\) addr)-.18 E(ess.)-.18 E F1($g)117 396.2 Q F0(The sender addr)142 396.2 Q
(ess r)-.18 E(elati)-.18 E .2 -.1(ve t)-.1 H 2.5(ot).1 G(he r)275.59 396.2 Q
(ecipient.)-.18 E F1($h)117 412.4 Q F0(The r)142 412.4 Q(ecipient host.)-.18 E
F1($i)117 428.6 Q F0(The queue id.)142 428.6 Q F1($j\210)117 444.8 Q F0 .557
(The \231of\214cial\232 domain name f)142 444.8 R .557(or this site.)-.25 F F1
.557(This is fully quali\214ed if the full quali\214cation)5.557 F .137
(can be found.)142 456.8 R(It)5.137 E F2(must)2.637 E F1 .136
(be rede\214ned to be the fully quali\214ed domain name if your system is)2.637
F(not con\214gured so that information can \214nd it automatically)142 468.8 Q
(.)-.65 E($k)117 485 Q F0(The UUCP node name \(fr)142 485 Q
(om the uname system call\).)-.18 E F1($l\207)117 501.2 Q F0 .972(The f)142
501.2 R .972(ormat of the UNIX fr)-.25 F .972(om line.)-.18 F F1 .972
(Unless you ha)5.972 F 1.272 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .972(hanged the UNIX mailbox for)
.15 F(-)-.2 E(mat, you should not change the def)142 513.2 Q
(ault, which is \231From $g)-.1 E($d\232.)5 E($m)117 529.4 Q F0 .84
(The domain part of the)142 529.4 R F2 -.1(ge)3.339 G(thostname).1 E F0 -.18
(re)3.339 G(tur).18 E 3.339(nv)-.15 G(alue.)337.055 529.4 Q F1 .839
(Under normal circumstances,)5.839 F F0($j)3.339 E F1(is)3.339 E(equi)142 541.4
Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F0($w)2.5 E(.$m)-.7 E F1(.)A($n\207)117 557.6 Q
F0(The name of the daemon \(f)142 557.6 Q(or err)-.25 E(or messages\).)-.18 E
F1(Def)5 E(aults to \231MAILER-D)-.1 E(AEMON\232.)-.4 E($o\207)117 573.8 Q F0
.335(The set of)142 573.8 R F1 .335
(operators" A list of characters which will be considered tok)2.835 F .336
(ens and which will)-.1 F .422(separate tok)142 585.8 R .422
(ens when doing parsing.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.422 G 2.921(re).15 G .421
(xample, if \231@\232 were in the)315.211 585.8 R F0($o)2.921 E F1 .421
(macro, then the)2.921 F .995(input \231a@b\232 w)142 597.8 R .995
(ould be scanned as three tok)-.1 F .995(ens: \231a,)-.1 F 3.495<9a99>-.7 G(@,)
364.765 597.8 Q 3.495<9a61>-.7 G .995(nd \231b)388.15 597.8 R 4.895 -.7
(.\232 D)-.4 H(ef).7 E .995(aults to \231.:@[]\232,)-.1 F .926(which is the mi\
nimum set necessary to do RFC 822 parsing; a richer set of operators is)142
609.8 R(\231.:%@!/[]\232, which adds support for UUCP)142 621.8 Q 2.5(,t)-1.11
G(he %-hack, and X.400 addresses.)319.24 621.8 Q($p)117 638 Q F0(Sendmail')142
638 Q 2.5(sp)-.37 G -.18(ro)196.92 638 S(cess id.).18 E F1($q\207)117 654.2 Q
F0 2.357(Default f)142 654.2 R 2.357(ormat of sender addr)-.25 F(ess.)-.18 E F1
(The)7.357 E F0($q)4.857 E F1 2.358(macro speci\214es ho)4.858 F 4.858(wa)-.25
G 4.858(na)432.624 654.2 S 2.358(ddress should)446.922 654.2 R .626
(appear in a message when it is def)142 666.2 R 3.126(aulted. Def)-.1 F .626
(aults to \231<$g>\232.)-.1 F .625(It is commonly rede\214ned)5.625 F .182
(to be \231$?x$x <$g>$|$g$.)142 678.2 R 5.182<9a6f>-.7 G 2.682<7299>255.848
678.2 S .182($g$?x \($x\)$.)266.3 678.2 R .183
(\232, corresponding to the follo)-.7 F .183(wing tw)-.25 F 2.683(of)-.1 G
(ormats:)474 678.2 Q .32 LW 76 687.8 72 687.8 DL 80 687.8 76 687.8 DL 84 687.8
80 687.8 DL 88 687.8 84 687.8 DL 92 687.8 88 687.8 DL 96 687.8 92 687.8 DL 100
687.8 96 687.8 DL 104 687.8 100 687.8 DL 108 687.8 104 687.8 DL 112 687.8 108
687.8 DL 116 687.8 112 687.8 DL 120 687.8 116 687.8 DL 124 687.8 120 687.8 DL
128 687.8 124 687.8 DL 132 687.8 128 687.8 DL 136 687.8 132 687.8 DL 140 687.8
136 687.8 DL 144 687.8 140 687.8 DL 148 687.8 144 687.8 DL 152 687.8 148 687.8
DL 156 687.8 152 687.8 DL 160 687.8 156 687.8 DL 164 687.8 160 687.8 DL 168
687.8 164 687.8 DL 172 687.8 168 687.8 DL 176 687.8 172 687.8 DL 180 687.8 176
687.8 DL 184 687.8 180 687.8 DL 188 687.8 184 687.8 DL 192 687.8 188 687.8 DL
196 687.8 192 687.8 DL 200 687.8 196 687.8 DL 204 687.8 200 687.8 DL 208 687.8
204 687.8 DL 212 687.8 208 687.8 DL 216 687.8 212 687.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0
SF(10)93.6 698.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(As of v)3.2 I
(ersion 8.6, all of these macros ha)-.12 E .24 -.12(ve r)-.16 H(easonable def)
.12 E 2(aults. Pre)-.08 F(vious v)-.2 E(ersions required that the)-.12 E 2(yb)
-.12 G 2(ed)424.728 701.4 S(e\214ned.)434.28 701.4 Q EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-30 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(Eric Allman <eric@CS.Berk)182 96 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU>).65 E
(eric@CS.Berk)182 108 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU \(Eric Allman\)).65 E/F2
10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)142 124.2 Q F1(properly quotes names that ha)2.5
E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H(pecial characters if the \214rst form is used.).15 E($r)
117 140.4 Q F0(Pr)142 140.4 Q(otocol used to r)-.18 E(ecei)-.18 E .2 -.1(ve t)
-.1 H(he message.).1 E F1($s)117 156.6 Q F0(Sender')142 156.6 Q 2.5(sh)-.37 G
(ost name.)186.91 156.6 Q F1($t)117 172.8 Q F0 2.5(An)142 172.8 S(umeric r)
157.28 172.8 Q(epr)-.18 E(esentation of the curr)-.18 E(ent time.)-.18 E F1($u)
117 189 Q F0(The r)142 189 Q(ecipient user)-.18 E(.)-1 E F1($v)117 205.2 Q F0
(The v)142 205.2 Q(ersion number of)-.1 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F0(.)A F1($w\210)
117 221.4 Q F0(The hostname of this site.)7.78 E F1(The)142 237.6 Q F0($w)2.5 E
F1(macro is set to the root name of this host \(b)2.5 E(ut see belo)-.2 E 2.5
(wf)-.25 G(or ca)403.46 237.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G(ats\).).15 E($x)117 253.8 Q F0
(The full name of the sender)142 253.8 Q(.)-1 E F1($z)117 270 Q F0
(The home dir)142 270 Q(ectory of the r)-.18 E(ecipient.)-.18 E F1($_)117 286.2
Q F0(The v)142 286.2 Q(alidated sender addr)-.1 E(ess.)-.18 E F1 .918
(There are three types of dates that can be used.)142 302.4 R(The)5.918 E F0
($a)3.418 E F1(and)3.418 E F0($b)3.418 E F1 .917(macros are in RFC 822)3.418 F
(format;)117 314.4 Q F0($a)3.046 E F1 .546(is the time as e)3.046 F .547
(xtracted from the \231Date:\232 line of the message \(if there w)-.15 F .547
(as one\), and)-.1 F F0($b)117 326.4 Q F1 .145
(is the current date and time \(used for postmarks\).)2.645 F .145
(If no \231Date:\232 line is found in the incoming)5.145 F(message,)117 338.4 Q
F0($a)2.546 E F1 .046(is set to the current time also.)2.546 F(The)5.046 E F0
($d)2.546 E F1 .046(macro is equi)2.546 F -.25(va)-.25 G .047(lent to the).25 F
F0($b)2.547 E F1 .047(macro in UNIX)2.547 F(\(ctime\) format.)117 350.4 Q .607
(The macros)142 366.6 R F0($w)3.107 E F1(,)A F0($j)3.107 E F1 3.107(,a)C(nd)
228.848 366.6 Q F0($m)3.107 E F1 .607(are set to the identity of this host.)
3.107 F F2(Sendmail)5.606 E F1 .606(tries to \214nd the)3.106 F .025(fully qua\
li\214ed name of the host if at all possible; it does this by calling)117 378.6
R F2 -.1(ge)2.525 G(thostname).1 E F1 .025(\(2\) to get the)B 1.512
(current hostname and then passing that to)117 390.6 R F2 -.1(ge)4.012 G
(thostbyname).1 E F1 1.511(\(3\) which is supposed to return the)B .184
(canonical v)117 404.6 R .184(ersion of that host name.)-.15 F/F3 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(11)262.19 400.6 Q F1 .184(Assuming this is successful,)
271.874 404.6 R F0($j)2.684 E F1 .185(is set to the fully quali\214ed)2.685 F
1.464(name and)117 416.6 R F0($m)3.964 E F1 1.464
(is set to the domain part of the name \(e)3.964 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.464
(rything after the \214rst dot\).).15 F(The)6.463 E F0($w)3.963 E F1 .166
(macro is set to the \214rst w)117 428.6 R .166(ord \(e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
.166(rything before the \214rst dot\) if you ha).15 F .466 -.15(ve a l)-.2 H
-2.15 -.25(ev e).15 H 2.666(l5o).25 G 2.666(rh)452.018 428.6 S .166(igher con-)
463.014 428.6 R .184(\214guration \214le; otherwise, it is set to the same v)
117 440.6 R .183(alue as)-.25 F F0($j)2.683 E F1 5.183(.I)C 2.683(ft)355.325
440.6 S .183(he canoni\214cation is not successful,)364.118 440.6 R
(it is imperati)117 454.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(hat the con\214g \214le set).15
E F0($j)2.5 E F1(to the fully quali\214ed domain name)2.5 E F3(12)416.59 450.6
Q F1(.)423.59 454.6 Q(The)142 470.8 Q F0($f)3.114 E F1 .614(macro is the id of\
the sender as originally determined; when mailing to a speci\214c)3.114 F .602
(host the)117 482.8 R F0($g)3.102 E F1 .602
(macro is set to the address of the sender)3.102 F F2 -.37(re)3.101 G .601
(lative to the r).37 F(ecipient.)-.37 E F1 -.15(Fo)5.601 G 3.101(re).15 G .601
(xample, if I)456.418 482.8 R 1.65(send to \231bollard@matisse.CS.Berk)117
494.8 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 1.65(EDU\232 from the machine \231v).65 F
(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232).65 E(the)117 506.8 Q
F0($f)2.5 E F1(macro will be \231eric\232 and the)2.5 E F0($g)2.5 E F1
(macro will be \231eric@v)2.5 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU.).65 E<9a>-.7 E(The)142 523 Q F0($x)3.838 E F1 1.338
(macro is set to the full name of the sender)3.838 F 6.337(.T)-.55 G 1.337
(his can be determined in se)369.135 523 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral).15 E -.1(wa)117
535 S 2.952(ys. It).1 F .453(can be passed as \215ag to)2.953 F F2(sendmail)
2.953 E F1 5.453(.T)C .453(he second choice is the v)303.446 535 R .453
(alue of the \231Full-name:\232)-.25 F .513(line in the header if it e)117 547
(xists, and the third choice is the comment \214eld of a \231From:\232 line.)
-.15 F .512(If all)5.512 F 1.148(of these f)117 559 R 1.148
(ail, and if the message is being originated locally)-.1 F 3.648(,t)-.65 G
1.149(he full name is look)369.678 559 R 1.149(ed up in the)-.1 F F2
(/etc/passwd)117 571 Q F1(\214le.)2.5 E .439(When sending, the)142 587.2 R F0
($h)2.939 E F1(,)A F0($u)2.939 E F1 2.938(,a)C(nd)256.964 587.2 Q F0($z)2.938 E
F1 .438(macros get set to the host, user)2.938 F 2.938(,a)-.4 G .438
(nd home directory \(if)417.426 587.2 R 1.454(local\) of the recipient.)117
599.2 R 1.454(The \214rst tw)6.454 F 3.954(oa)-.1 G 1.454(re set from the)
278.438 599.2 R F0($@)3.955 E F1(and)3.955 E F0($:)3.955 E F1 1.455
(part of the re)3.955 F 1.455(writing rules,)-.25 F(respecti)117 611.2 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.)-.65 E(The)142 627.4 Q F0($p)2.806 E F1(and)2.806 E F0
($t)2.806 E F1 .306(macros are used to create unique strings \(e.g., for the \
\231Message-Id:\232 \214eld\).)2.806 F(The)117 639.4 Q F0($i)2.537 E F1 .037(m\
acro is set to the queue id on this host; if put into the timestamp line it ca\
n be e)2.537 F(xtremely)-.15 E .407(useful for tracking messages.)117 651.4 R
(The)5.407 E F0($v)2.907 E F1 .407(macro is set to be the v)2.907 F .407
(ersion number of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)2.907 E F1 2.907(;t)C .407(his is)482.753
651.4 R(normally put in timestamps and has been pro)117 663.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G
2.5(ne).15 G(xtremely useful for deb)317.64 663.4 Q(ugging.)-.2 E .32 LW 76 673
72 673 DL 80 673 76 673 DL 84 673 80 673 DL 88 673 84 673 DL 92 673 88 673 DL
96 673 92 673 DL 100 673 96 673 DL 104 673 100 673 DL 108 673 104 673 DL 112
673 108 673 DL 116 673 112 673 DL 120 673 116 673 DL 124 673 120 673 DL 128 673
124 673 DL 132 673 128 673 DL 136 673 132 673 DL 140 673 136 673 DL 144 673 140
673 DL 148 673 144 673 DL 152 673 148 673 DL 156 673 152 673 DL 160 673 156 673
DL 164 673 160 673 DL 168 673 164 673 DL 172 673 168 673 DL 176 673 172 673 DL
180 673 176 673 DL 184 673 180 673 DL 188 673 184 673 DL 192 673 188 673 DL 196
673 192 673 DL 200 673 196 673 DL 204 673 200 673 DL 208 673 204 673 DL 212 673
208 673 DL 216 673 212 673 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(11)93.6 683.4 Q/F5 8
/Times-Roman@0 SF -.12(Fo)3.2 K 2(re).12 G(xample, on some systems)115.024
686.6 Q/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF -.08(ge)2 G(thostname).08 E F5
(might return \231foo\232 which w)2 E(ould be mapped to \231foo.bar)-.08 E
(.com\232 by)-.44 E F6 -.08(ge)2 G(thostbyname).08 E F5(.)A F4(12)93.6 697 Q F5
(Older v)3.2 I(ersions of sendmail didn')-.12 E 2(tp)-.144 G(re-de\214ne)211.88
700.2 Q/F7 8/Times-Bold@0 SF($j)2 E F5
(at all, so up until 8.6, con\214g \214les)2 E F6(always)2 E F5
(had to de\214ne)2 E F7($j)2 E F5(.)A EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-31)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)142 96 Q F0($c)2.714 E F1 .214
(\214eld is set to the \231hop count,)2.714 F 2.714<9a69>-.7 G .215
(.e., the number of times this message has been pro-)297.656 96 R 3.184
(cessed. This)117 108 R .684(can be determined by the)3.184 F F0<ad68>3.184 E
F1 .683(\215ag on the command line or by counting the times-)3.184 F
(tamps in the message.)117 120 Q(The)142 136.2 Q F0($r)3.426 E F1(and)3.426 E
(\214elds are set to the protocol used to communicate with)3.426 F/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.427 E F1 .927(and the)3.427 F(sending hostname.)
117 148.2 Q(The)142 164.4 Q F0($_)2.72 E F1 .22(is set to a v)2.72 F .22
(alidated sender host name.)-.25 F .22
(If the sender is running an RFC 1413 com-)5.22 F(pliant IDENT serv)117 176.4 Q
(er)-.15 E 2.5(,i)-.4 G 2.5(tw)206.43 176.4 S
(ill include the user name on that host.)218.93 176.4 Q F0 2.5(5.1.3. C)102
200.4 R(and F \212 de\214ne classes)2.5 E F1 .197
(Classes of phrases may be de\214ned to match on the left hand side of re)142
216.6 R .197(writing rules, where)-.25 F 2.791<6199>117 228.6 S .291
(phrase\232 is a sequence of characters that do not contain space characters.)
128.671 228.6 R -.15(Fo)5.29 G 2.79(re).15 G .29(xample a class)445.1 228.6 R
.356(of all local names for this site might be created so that attempts to sen\
d to oneself can be elimi-)117 240.6 R 2.89(nated. These)117 252.6 R .39(can e\
ither be de\214ned directly in the con\214guration \214le or read in from anot\
her \214le.)2.89 F .796(Classes may be gi)117 264.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.296(nn)
.15 G .796(ames from the set of upper case letters.)213.664 264.6 R(Lo)5.796 E
.797(wer case letters and special)-.25 F(characters are reserv)117 276.6 Q
(ed for system use.)-.15 E(The syntax is:)142 292.8 Q F0(C)157 309 Q F2 1.666
(cp)C(hr)-1.666 E(ase1 phr)-.15 E(ase2...)-.15 E F0(F)157 321 Q F2 1.666<638c>C
(le)-1.666 E F1 1.115(The \214rst form de\214nes the class)117 337.2 R F2(c)
3.615 E F1 1.115(to match an)3.615 F 3.614(yo)-.15 G 3.614(ft)319.638 337.2 S
1.114(he named w)329.362 337.2 R 3.614(ords. It)-.1 F 1.114
(is permissible to split)3.614 F(them among multiple lines; for e)117 349.2 Q
(xample, the tw)-.15 E 2.5(of)-.1 G(orms:)317.57 349.2 Q(CHmonet ucbmonet)157
365.4 Q(and)117 381.6 Q(CHmonet)157 397.8 Q(CHucbmonet)157 409.8 Q(are equi)117
426 Q -.25(va)-.25 G 2.5(lent. The).25 F
(second form reads the elements of the class)2.5 E F2(c)2.5 E F1
(from the named)2.5 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F1(.)A(The)142 442.2 Q F0($~)3.112 E F1
.613(\(match entries not in class\) only matches a single w)3.112 F .613
(ord; multi-w)-.1 F .613(ord entries in the)-.1 F
(class are ignored in this conte)117 454.2 Q(xt.)-.15 E .384(The class)142
470.4 R F0($=w)2.884 E F1 .384
(is set to be the set of all names this host is kno)2.884 F .384(wn by)-.25 F
5.384(.T)-.65 G .383(his can be used to)431.368 470.4 R(match local hostnames.)
117 482.4 Q(The class)142 498.6 Q F0($=k)2.5 E F1(is set to be the same as)2.5
E F0($k)2.5 E F1 2.5(,t)C(hat is, the UUCP node name.)312.69 498.6 Q F0 2.5
(5.1.4. M)102 522.6 R 2.5<8a64>2.5 G(e\214ne mailer)159.5 522.6 Q F1
(Programs and interf)142 538.8 Q(aces to mailers are de\214ned in this line.)
-.1 E(The format is:)5 E F0(M)157 555 Q F2(name)A F1 2.5(,{)C F2(\214eld)197.9
555 Q F1(=)A F2(value)A F1(}*)1.666 E(where)117 571.2 Q F2(name)3.244 E F1 .744
(is the name of the mailer \(used internally only\) and the \231\214eld=name\
\232 pairs de\214ne)3.244 F(attrib)117 583.2 Q(utes of the mailer)-.2 E 5(.F)
-.55 G(ields are:)220.13 583.2 Q -.15(Pa)157 599.4 S 51.87(th The).15 F
(pathname of the mailer)2.5 E 47.83(Flags Special)157 611.4 R
(\215ags for this mailer)2.5 E 41.73(Sender A)157 623.4 R(re)2.5 E
(writing set for sender addresses)-.25 E 31.17(Recipient A)157 635.4 R(re)2.5 E
(writing set for recipient addresses)-.25 E(Ar)157 647.4 Q 49.13(gv An)-.18 F
(ar)2.5 E(gument v)-.18 E(ector to pass to this mailer)-.15 E 55.61(Eol The)157
659.4 R(end-of-line string for this mailer)2.5 E 35.62(Maxsize The)157 671.4 R
(maximum message length to this mailer)2.5 E 32.27(Linelimit The)157 683.4 R
(maximum line length in the message body)2.5 E 31.18(Directory The)157 695.4 R
-.1(wo)2.5 G(rking directory for the mailer).1 E
(Only the \214rst character of the \214eld name is check)117 711.6 Q(ed.)-.1 E
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-32 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.144(The follo)
142 96 R 1.144(wing \215ags may be set in the mailer description.)-.25 F(An)
6.144 E 3.644(yo)-.15 G 1.144(ther \215ags may be used)409.994 96 R(freely to \
conditionally assign headers to messages destined for particular mailers.)117
108 Q 15.56(aR)117 124.2 S(un Extended SMTP \(ESMTP\) protocol \(de\214ned in \
RFCs 1425, 1426, and 1427\).)143.67 124.2 Q 15(bF)117 140.4 S .674
(orce a blank line on the end of a message.)142.41 140.4 R .674
(This is intended to w)5.674 F .675(ork around some stupid)-.1 F -.15(ve)137
152.4 S .852(rsions of /bin/mail that require a blank line, b).15 F .851
(ut do not pro)-.2 F .851(vide it themselv)-.15 F 3.351(es. It)-.15 F -.1(wo)
3.351 G(uld).1 E(not normally be used on netw)137 164.4 Q(ork mail.)-.1 E 15.56
(cD)117 180.6 S 4.165(on)144.22 180.6 S 1.665
(ot include comments in addresses.)158.385 180.6 R 1.665
(This should only be used if you ha)6.665 F 1.966 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.166(ow).15
G(ork)490.67 180.6 Q(around a remote mailer that gets confused by comments.)137
192.6 Q 13.33(CI)117 208.8 S 3.06(fm)140.33 208.8 S .56(ail is)154.5 208.8 R/F2
10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37(re)3.06 G(ceived).37 E F1 .56
(from a mailer with this \215ag set, an)3.06 F 3.06(ya)-.15 G .56
(ddresses in the header that do not)367.33 208.8 R(ha)137 220.8 Q .33 -.15
(ve a)-.2 H 2.53(na).15 G 2.53(ts)174.47 220.8 S .03
(ign \(\231@\232\) after being re)183.67 220.8 R .031
(written by ruleset three will ha)-.25 F .331 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .031
(he \231@domain\232 clause).15 F(from the sender tack)137 232.8 Q(ed on.)-.1 E
(This allo)5 E(ws mail with headers of the form:)-.25 E(From: usera@hosta)177
249 Q -.8(To)177 261 S 2.5(:u).8 G(serb@hostb, userc)197.59 261 Q(to be re)137
277.2 Q(written as:)-.25 E(From: usera@hosta)177 293.4 Q -.8(To)177 305.4 S 2.5
(:u).8 G(serb@hostb, userc@hosta)197.59 305.4 Q(automatically)137 321.6 Q(.)
-.65 E 12.78(DT)117 337.8 S(his mailer w)143.11 337.8 Q
(ants a \231Date:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15.56(eT)117 354 S .563
(his mailer is e)143.11 354 R(xpensi)-.15 E .862 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.062(oc).15
G .562(onnect to, so try to a)253.972 354 R -.2(vo)-.2 G .562
(id connecting normally; an).2 F 3.062(yn)-.15 G(ecessary)470.13 354 Q
(connection will occur during a queue run.)137 366 Q 13.89(EE)117 382.2 S
(scape lines be)143.11 382.2 Q
(ginning with \231From\232 in the message with a `>' sign.)-.15 E 16.67(fT)117
398.4 S .968(he mailer w)143.11 398.4 R .968(ants a)-.1 F F0<ad66>3.469 E F2
(fr)3.469 E(om)-.45 E F1 .969(\215ag, b)3.469 F .969(ut only if this is a netw)
-.2 F .969(ork forw)-.1 F .969(ard operation \(i.e., the)-.1 F(mailer will gi)
137 410.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 2.5(ne).15 G(rror if the e)218.81 410.4 Q -.15
(xe)-.15 G(cuting user does not ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
(pecial permissions\).).15 E 14.44(FT)117 426.6 S(his mailer w)143.11 426.6 Q
(ants a \231From:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15(gN)117 442.8 S(ormally)144.22 442.8
Q(,)-.65 E F2(sendmail)3.53 E F1 1.029
(sends internally generated email \(e.g., error messages\) using the null)3.529
F 1.766(return address)137 456.8 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(13)195.136 452.8 Q F1
1.766(as required by RFC 1123.)206.402 456.8 R(Ho)6.766 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.566 -.4(r, s).15 H 1.766(ome mailers don').4 F 4.266(ta)-.18 G 1.767
(ccept a null)454.366 456.8 R .922(return address.)137 468.8 R .922
(If necessary)5.922 F 3.422(,y)-.65 G .922(ou can set the)261.938 468.8 R F0(g)
3.422 E F1 .922(\215ag to pre)3.422 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E F2(sendmail)3.422
E F1 .922(from obe)3.422 F .922(ying the)-.15 F .212
(standards; error messages will be sent as from the MAILER-D)137 480.8 R .212
(AEMON \(actually)-.4 F 2.712(,t)-.65 G .212(he v)470.438 480.8 R(alue)-.25 E
(of the)137 492.8 Q F0($n)2.5 E F1(macro\).)2.5 E 15(hU)117 509 S
(pper case should be preserv)144.22 509 Q(ed in host names for this mailer)-.15
E(.)-.55 E 16.67(IT)117 525.2 S .093
(his mailer will be speaking SMTP to another)143.11 525.2 R F2(sendmail)2.593 E
F1 2.592<8a61>2.592 G 2.592(ss)381.248 525.2 S .092
(uch it can use special proto-)391.62 525.2 R .318(col features.)137 537.2 R
.319(This option is not required \(i.e., if this option is omitted the transmi\
ssion will)5.318 F(still operate successfully)137 549.2 Q 2.5(,a)-.65 G
(lthough perhaps not as ef)244.11 549.2 Q(\214ciently as possible\).)-.25 E
17.22(lT)117 565.4 S(his mailer is local \(i.e., \214nal deli)143.11 565.4 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G(ry will be performed\).).15 E 13.89(LL)117 581.6 S .69
(imit the line lengths as speci\214ed in RFC821.)143.11 581.6 R .69
(This deprecated option should be replaced)5.69 F(by the)137 593.6 Q F0(L=)2.5
E F1(mail declaration.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rh).15 G(istoric reasons, the)
272.54 593.6 Q F0(L)2.5 E F1(\215ag also sets the)2.5 E F0(7)2.5 E F1(\215ag.)
2.5 E 12.22(mT)117 609.8 S 1.273
(his mailer can send to multiple users on the same host in one transaction.)
143.11 609.8 R 1.274(When a)6.273 F F0($u)3.774 E F1 .622(macro occurs in the)
137 621.8 R F2(ar)3.122 E(gv)-.37 E F1 .621
(part of the mailer de\214nition, that \214eld will be repeated as neces-)3.121
F(sary for all qualifying users.)137 633.8 Q 11.11(MT)117 650 S(his mailer w)
143.11 650 Q(ants a \231Message-Id:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15(nD)117 666.2 S
(ot insert a UNIX-style \231From\232 line on the front of the message.)156.72
666.2 Q .32 LW 76 678.8 72 678.8 DL 80 678.8 76 678.8 DL 84 678.8 80 678.8 DL
88 678.8 84 678.8 DL 92 678.8 88 678.8 DL 96 678.8 92 678.8 DL 100 678.8 96
678.8 DL 104 678.8 100 678.8 DL 108 678.8 104 678.8 DL 112 678.8 108 678.8 DL
116 678.8 112 678.8 DL 120 678.8 116 678.8 DL 124 678.8 120 678.8 DL 128 678.8
124 678.8 DL 132 678.8 128 678.8 DL 136 678.8 132 678.8 DL 140 678.8 136 678.8
DL 144 678.8 140 678.8 DL 148 678.8 144 678.8 DL 152 678.8 148 678.8 DL 156
678.8 152 678.8 DL 160 678.8 156 678.8 DL 164 678.8 160 678.8 DL 168 678.8 164
678.8 DL 172 678.8 168 678.8 DL 176 678.8 172 678.8 DL 180 678.8 176 678.8 DL
184 678.8 180 678.8 DL 188 678.8 184 678.8 DL 192 678.8 188 678.8 DL 196 678.8
192 678.8 DL 200 678.8 196 678.8 DL 204 678.8 200 678.8 DL 208 678.8 204 678.8
DL 212 678.8 208 678.8 DL 216 678.8 212 678.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(13)93.6
689.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(Actually)3.2 I 2(,t)-.52 G
(his only applies to SMTP)131.856 692.4 Q 2(,w)-.888 G(hich uses the `)222.088
692.4 Q(`MAIL FR)-.592 E(OM:<>')-.32 E 2('c)-.592 G(ommand.)336.48 692.4 Q EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-33)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 15(pU)117 96 S .701
(se the route-addr style re)144.22 96 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .702
(rse-path in the SMTP \231MAIL FR).15 F .702(OM:\232 command rather than)-.4 F
(just the return address; although this is required in RFC821 section 3.1, man)
137 108 R 2.921(yh)-.15 G .421(osts do not)459.818 108 R(process re)137 120 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G(rse-paths properly).15 E 5(.R)-.65 G -2.15 -.25(ev e)272.3 120 T
(rse-paths are of).25 E(\214cially discouraged by RFC 1123.)-.25 E 14.44(PT)117
136.2 S(his mailer w)143.11 136.2 Q(ants a \231Return-P)-.1 E(ath:\232 line.)
-.15 E 16.67(rS)117 152.4 S(ame as)142.56 152.4 Q F0(f)2.5 E F1 2.5(,b)C
(ut sends a)185.68 152.4 Q F0<ad72>2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E 16.11(sS)117 168.6 S
(trip quote characters of)142.56 168.6 Q 2.5(fo)-.25 G 2.5(ft)245.61 168.6 S
(he address before calling the mailer)254.22 168.6 Q(.)-.55 E 14.44(SD)117
184.8 S(on')144.22 184.8 Q 3.442(tr)-.18 G .942
(eset the userid before calling the mailer)166.922 184.8 R 5.943(.T)-.55 G .943
(his w)344.319 184.8 R .943(ould be used in a secure en)-.1 F(viron-)-.4 E .491
(ment where)137 196.8 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.991 E F1 .491
(ran as root.)2.991 F .491(This could be used to a)5.491 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .49
(id for).2 F .49(ged addresses.)-.18 F .49(This \215ag)5.49 F
(is suppressed if gi)137 208.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nf).15 G
(rom an \231unsafe\232 en)228.81 208.8 Q(vironment \(e.g, a user')-.4 E 2.5(sm)
-.55 G(ail.cf \214le\).)410.31 208.8 Q 15(uU)117 225 S
(pper case should be preserv)144.22 225 Q(ed in user names for this mailer)-.15
E(.)-.55 E 12.78(UT)117 241.2 S 2.996(his mailer w)143.11 241.2 R 2.996
(ants Unix-style \231From\232 lines with the ugly UUCP-style \231remote from)
-.1 F(<host>\232 on the end.)137 253.2 Q 15(xT)117 269.4 S(his mailer w)143.11
269.4 Q(ants a \231Full-Name:\232 header line.)-.1 E 12.78(XT)117 285.6 S 1.22
(his mailer w)143.11 285.6 R 1.22
(ant to use the hidden dot algorithm as speci\214ed in RFC821; basically)-.1 F
3.72(,a)-.65 G -.15(ny)494.15 285.6 S .224(line be)137 297.6 R .224
(ginning with a dot will ha)-.15 F .525 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.725(ne).15 G .225
(xtra dot prepended \(to be stripped at the other end\).)296.465 297.6 R .525(\
This insures that lines in the message containing a dot will not terminate the\
message pre-)137 309.6 R(maturely)137 321.6 Q(.)-.65 E 15(7S)117 337.8 S .152
(trip all output to se)142.56 337.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.652(nb).15 G 2.652
(its. This)240.42 337.8 R .152(is the def)2.652 F .152(ault if the)-.1 F F0(L)
2.652 E F1 .152(\215ag is set.)2.652 F .152(Note that setting this is)5.152 F
.079(not suf)137 349.8 R .079
(\214cient to get full eight bit data passed through)-.25 F F2(sendmail)2.579 E
F1 5.079(.I)C 2.579(ft)398.439 349.8 S(he)407.128 349.8 Q F0(7)2.579 E F1 .079
(option is set, this is)2.579 F(essentially al)137 361.8 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
(ys set, since the eighth bit w).1 E(as stripped on input.)-.1 E 2.122(The mai\
ler with the special name \231error\232 can be used to generate a user error)
142 378 R 7.122(.T)-.55 G(he)494.56 378 Q .247
(\(optional\) host \214eld is an e)117 390 R .247
(xit status to be returned, and the user \214eld is a message to be printed.)
-.15 F .336(The e)117 402 R .336(xit status may be numeric or one of the v)-.15
F .337(alues USA)-.25 F .337(GE, NOUSER, NOHOST)-.4 F 2.837(,U)-.74 G -.35(NA)
465.4 402 S -1.35(VA)-1 G(IL-)1.35 E .828(ABLE, SOFTW)117 414 R .828
(ARE, TEMPF)-1.2 F .828(AIL, PR)-.74 F -1.88 -.4(OT O)-.4 H .828
(COL, or CONFIG to return the corresponding EX_).4 F -.15(ex)117 426 S
(it code.).15 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the entry:)181.26 426 Q
($#error $@ NOHOST $: Host unkno)157 442.2 Q(wn in this domain)-.25 E .261(on \
the RHS of a rule will cause the speci\214ed error to be generated and the \
\231Host unkno)117 458.4 R .262(wn\232 e)-.25 F(xit)-.15 E
(status to be returned if the LHS matches.)117 470.4 Q
(This mailer is only functional in ruleset zero.)5 E 1.564
(The mailer named \231local\232)142 486.6 R F2(must)4.064 E F1 1.564
(be de\214ned in e)4.064 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.563(ry con\214guration \214le.).15
F 1.563(This is used to)6.563 F(deli)117 498.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.038(rl).15 G
1.538(ocal mail, and is treated specially in se)151.188 498.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.539(ral w).15 F 4.039(ays. Additionally)-.1 F 4.039(,t)-.65 G 1.539
(hree other mailers)428.722 498.6 R 1.367(named \231prog\232, \231*\214le*\232\
, and \231*include*\232 may be de\214ned to tune the deli)117 510.6 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G 1.367(ry of messages to).15 F
(programs, \214les, and :include: lists respecti)117 522.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly)
.15 E 5(.T)-.65 G(he)315.38 522.6 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G(ef)337.17 522.6 Q(ault to:)
-.1 E(Mprog, P=/bin/sh, F=lsD, A=sh \255c $u)157 538.8 Q(M*\214le*, P=/de)157
550.8 Q(v/null, F=lsDFMPEu, A=FILE)-.25 E(M*include*, P=/de)157 562.8 Q
(v/null, F=su, A=INCLUDE)-.25 E 1.263(The Sender and Recipient re)142 583.2 R
1.263(writing sets may either be a simple inte)-.25 F 1.264(ger or may be tw)
-.15 F(o)-.1 E(inte)117 595.2 Q .047
(gers separated by a slash; if so, the \214rst re)-.15 F .046
(writing set is applied to en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .046(lope addresses and the)
.15 F(second is applied to headers.)117 607.2 Q 1.258
(The Directory is actually a colon-separated path of directories to try)142
623.4 R 6.259(.F)-.65 G 1.259(or e)439.702 623.4 R 1.259(xample, the)-.15 F
.144(de\214nition \231D=$z:/\232 \214rst tries to e)117 635.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
.143(cute in the recipient').15 F 2.643(sh)-.55 G .143
(ome directory; if that is not a)353.332 635.4 R -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable,).25 E
.78(it tries to e)117 647.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .78
(cute in the root of the \214lesystem.).15 F .781
(This is intended to be used only on the \231prog\232)5.781 F(mailer)117 659.4
Q 2.899(,s)-.4 G .398(ince some shells \(such as)151.439 659.4 R F2(csh)2.898 E
F1 2.898(\)r)C .398(efuse to e)279.358 659.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .398(cute if the)
.15 F 2.898(yc)-.15 G .398(annot read the home directory)380.588 659.4 R(.)-.65
E .416(Since the queue directory is not normally readable by normal users)117
671.4 R F2(csh)2.916 E F1 .416(scripts as recipients can)2.916 F -.1(fa)117
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-34 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(5.1.5. H)102 96 R 2.5<8a64>2.5 G
(e\214ne header)157.84 96 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .198
(The format of the header lines that)142 112.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(sendmail)2.698 E F1 .198(inserts into the message are de\214ned by the)2.698 F
F0(H)2.698 E F1 2.5(line. The)117 124.2 R(syntax of this line is:)2.5 E F0(H)
157 140.4 Q F1([)A F0(?)A F2(m\215a)A(gs)-.1 E F0(?)A F1(])A F2(hname)A F0(:)A
F2(htemplate)2.5 E F1 .691(Continuation lines in this spec are re\215ected dir\
ectly into the outgoing message.)117 156.6 R(The)5.691 E F2(htemplate)3.191 E
F1 1.567(is macro e)117 168.6 R 1.567
(xpanded before insertion into the message.)-.15 F 1.567(If the)6.567 F F2
(m\215a)4.067 E(gs)-.1 E F1 1.567(\(surrounded by question)4.067 F .219(marks\
\) are speci\214ed, at least one of the speci\214ed \215ags must be stated in \
the mailer de\214nition for)117 180.6 R .094
(this header to be automatically output.)117 192.6 R .093
(If one of these headers is in the input it is re\215ected to the)5.093 F
(output re)117 204.6 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G(rdless of these \215ags.).05 E
(Some headers ha)142 220.8 Q .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
(pecial semantics that will be described belo).15 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F0 2.5
(5.1.6. O)102 244.8 R 2.5<8a73>2.5 G(et option)156.17 244.8 Q F1 .045(There ar\
e a number of \231random\232 options that can be set from a con\214guration \
\214le.)142 261 R(Options)5.046 E(are represented by single characters.)117 273
Q(The syntax of this line is:)5 E F0(O)157 289.2 Q F2 1.666(ov)C(alue)-1.666 E
F1 1.055(This sets option)117 305.4 R F2(o)3.555 E F1 1.055(to be)3.555 F F2
(value)3.555 E F1 6.055(.D)C 1.054(epending on the option,)256.325 305.4 R F2
(value)3.554 E F1 1.054(may be a string, an inte)3.554 F(ger)-.15 E 3.554(,a)
-.4 G(boolean \(with le)117 317.4 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.5(lv).05 G
(alues \231t\232, \231T\232, \231f\232, or \231F\232; the def)201.26 317.4 Q
(ault is TR)-.1 E(UE\), or a time interv)-.4 E(al.)-.25 E
(The options supported are:)142 333.6 Q(a)117 349.8 Q F2(N)A F1 .655(If set, w)
189 349.8 R .655(ait up to)-.1 F F2(N)3.155 E F1 .655
(minutes for an \231@:@\232 entry to e)3.155 F .655(xist in the alias database)
-.15 F .475(before starting up.)189 361.8 R .474(If it does not appear in)5.475
F F2(N)2.974 E F1 .474(minutes, reb)2.974 F .474(uild the database \(if)-.2 F
(the)189 373.8 Q F0(D)2.5 E F1(option is also set\) or issue a w)2.5 E(arning.)
-.1 E(A)117 390 Q F2 .506(spec, spec, ...)B F1 .506
(Specify possible alias \214le\(s\).)190.012 390 R(Each)5.506 E F2(spec)3.006 E
F1 .507(should be in the format `)3.006 F(`)-.74 E F2(class)A F0(:)A F2(\214le)
3.007 E F1 -.74('')C(where)189 402 Q F2(class)3.05 E F0(:)A F1 .549
(is optional and def)3.049 F .549(aults to `)-.1 F(`implicit')-.74 E 3.049
('. Depending)-.74 F .549(on ho)3.049 F(w)-.25 E F2(send-)3.049 E(mail)189 414
Q F1 1.335(is compiled, v)3.835 F 1.335
(alid classes are \231implicit\232 \(search through a compiled-in)-.25 F .193
(list of alias \214le types, for back compatibility\), \231hash\232 \(if)189
426 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NEWDB)2.693 E F1 .193(is speci\214ed\),)2.693 F
.881(\231dbm\232 \(if)189 438 R F3(NDBM)3.381 E F1 .882
(is speci\214ed\), \231stab\232 \(internal symbol table \212 not normally)3.382
F .476(used unless you ha)189 450 R .776 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.976(oo).15 G .475
(ther database lookup\), or \231nis\232 \(if)295.74 450 R F3(NIS)2.975 E F1
.475(is speci\214ed\).)2.975 F(If a list of)189 462 Q F2(spec)2.5 E F1 2.5(sa)C
(re pro)259.26 462 Q(vided,)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(searches them in order)
2.5 E(.)-.55 E(b)117 478.2 Q F2(N)A F1(/)A F2(M)A F1 1.588(Insist on at least)
189 478.2 R F2(N)4.088 E F1 1.589
(blocks free on the \214lesystem that holds the queue \214les)4.088 F .19
(before accepting email via SMTP)189 490.2 R 5.19(.I)-1.11 G 2.69(ft)334.09
490.2 S .19(here is insuf)342.89 490.2 R .19(\214cient space)-.25 F F2
(sendmail)2.69 E F1(gi)2.69 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(s).15 E 3.67(a4)189 502.2 S 1.17
(52 response to the MAIL command.)202.11 502.2 R 1.17(This in)6.17 F 1.17
(vites the sender to try ag)-.4 F(ain)-.05 E(later)189 514.2 Q 5.987(.T)-.55 G
.987(he optional)220.817 514.2 R F2(M)3.487 E F1 .987
(is a maximum message size adv)3.487 F .986(ertised in the ESMTP)-.15 F
(EHLO response.)189 526.2 Q(It is currently otherwise unused.)5 E(B)117 542.4 Q
F2(c)A F1 1.444(Set the blank substitution character to)189 542.4 R F2(c)3.945
E F1 6.445(.U)C 1.445(nquoted spaces in addresses are)371.59 542.4 R
(replaced by this character)189 554.4 Q 5(.D)-.55 G(ef)305.63 554.4 Q
(aults to space \(i.e., no change is made\).)-.1 E 67.56(cI)117 570.6 S 3.893
(fa)192.33 570.6 S 3.893(no)203.993 570.6 S 1.393(utgoing mailer is mark)
217.886 570.6 R 1.393(ed as being e)-.1 F(xpensi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.892
(,d).15 G(on')415.296 570.6 Q 3.892(tc)-.18 G 1.392(onnect immedi-)439.558
570.6 R(ately)189 582.6 Q 6.163(.T)-.65 G 1.164
(his requires that queueing be compiled in, since it will depend on a)222.563
582.6 R(queue run process to actually send the mail.)189 594.6 Q(C)117 610.8 Q
F2(N)A F1 1.49(Checkpoints the queue e)189 610.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2
(N)3.99 E F1(\(def)3.99 E 1.49(ault 10\) addresses sent.)-.1 F 1.49
(If your system)6.49 F .785(crashes during deli)189 622.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .785
(ry to a lar).15 F .785(ge list, this pre)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .785
(nts retransmission to an).15 F 3.285(yb)-.15 G(ut)496.22 622.8 Q
(the last recipients.)189 634.8 Q(d)117 651 Q F2(x)A F1(Deli)189 651 Q -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nm)223.87 651 S(ode)239.15 651 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.L)C
-2.25 -.15(eg a)274.14 651 T 2.5(lm).15 G(odes are:)300.88 651 Q 17.22(iD)229
667.2 S(eli)256.22 667.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G(nteracti)283.87 667.2 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G(ly \(synchronously\)).15 E 15(bD)229 679.2 S(eli)256.22 679.2 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nb)283.87 679.2 S(ackground \(asynchronously\))
296.37 679.2 Q 15(qJ)229 691.2 S(ust queue the message \(deli)252.89 691.2 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rd).15 G(uring queue run\))382.74 691.2 Q(Def)189 707.4 Q
1.32(aults to `)-.1 F(`b')-.74 E 3.82('i)-.74 G 3.82(fn)261.64 707.4 S 3.82(oo)
273.79 707.4 S 1.32(ption is speci\214ed, `)287.61 707.4 R(`i')-.74 E 3.82('i)
-.74 G 3.82(fi)385.57 707.4 S 3.82(ti)395.5 707.4 S 3.82(ss)404.88 707.4 S 1.32
(peci\214ed b)416.48 707.4 R 1.32(ut gi)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.82(nn).15 G(o)
499 707.4 Q(ar)189 719.4 Q(gument \(i.e., `)-.18 E(`Od')-.74 E 2.5('i)-.74 G
2.5(se)278.98 719.4 S(qui)289.81 719.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to `).25 E(`Odi')
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-35)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 64.78(DI)117 96 S 2.735(fs)192.33
96 S .235(et, reb)202.285 96 R .236
(uild the alias database if necessary and possible.)-.2 F .236
(If this option is not)5.236 F(set,)189 108 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)
3.385 E F1 .885(will ne)3.385 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.385(rr).15 G(eb)292.96 108 Q
.885(uild the alias database unless e)-.2 F .885(xplicitly requested)-.15 F
(using)189 120 Q F0(\255bi)2.5 E F1(.)A(e)117 136.2 Q F2(x)A F1
(Dispose of errors using mode)189 136.2 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.T)C(he v)327.31
136.2 Q(alues for)-.25 E F2(x)2.5 E F1(are:)2.5 E 15(pP)229 152.4 S
(rint error messages \(def)254.56 152.4 Q(ault\))-.1 E 15(qN)229 164.4 S 2.5
(om)256.22 164.4 S(essages, just gi)271.5 164.4 Q .3 -.15(ve ex)-.25 H
(it status).15 E 12.22(mM)229 176.4 S(ail back errors)257.89 176.4 Q 12.78(wW)
229 188.4 S(rite back errors \(mail if user not logged in\))258.44 188.4 Q
15.56(eM)229 200.4 S(ail back errors and gi)257.89 200.4 Q .3 -.15(ve z)-.25 H
(ero e).15 E(xit stat al)-.15 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys).1 E(E)117 220.8 Q F2
(\214le/messa)A -.1(ge)-.1 G F1 .549
(Prepend error messages with the indicated message.)189 220.8 R .549(If it be)
5.549 F .55(gins with a slash,)-.15 F .107(it is assumed to be the pathname of\
a \214le containing a message \(this is the rec-)189 232.8 R 1.316
(ommended setting\).)189 244.8 R 1.316(Otherwise, it is a literal message.)
6.316 F 1.317(The error \214le might)6.317 F .99
(contain the name, email address, and/or phone number of a local postmaster)189
256.8 R .428(who could pro)189 268.8 R .428(vide assistance in to end users.)
-.15 F .429(If the option is missing or null,)5.429 F .342
(or if it names a \214le which does not e)189 280.8 R .342
(xist or which is not readable, no message)-.15 F(is printed.)189 292.8 Q 68.67
(fS)117 309 S -2.25 -.2(av e)194.56 309 T 2.399
(Unix-style \231From\232 lines at the front of headers.)5.099 F 2.399
(Normally the)7.399 F 4.9(ya)-.15 G(re)496.23 309 Q
(assumed redundant and discarded.)189 321 Q(F)117 337.2 Q F2(mode)A F1
(The \214le mode for queue \214les.)189 337.2 Q(g)117 353.4 Q F2(n)A F1 .934
(Set the def)189 353.4 R .933(ault group id for mailers to run in to)-.1 F F2
(n)3.433 E F1 5.933(.D)C(ef)408.968 353.4 Q .933(aults to 1.)-.1 F .933(The v)
5.933 F(alue)-.25 E(can also be gi)189 365.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(na).15 G 2.5
(sas)264.69 365.4 S(ymbolic group name.)281.91 365.4 Q 64.78(GA)117 381.6 S
(llo)196.22 381.6 Q 3.491(wf)-.25 G .991(uzzy matching on the GECOS \214eld.)
220.571 381.6 R .992(If this \215ag is set, and the usual)5.991 F .794
(user name lookups f)189 393.6 R .793
(ail \(that is, there is no alias with this name and a)-.1 F F2 -.1(ge)3.293 G
(tpw-).1 E(nam)189 405.6 Q F1 -.1(fa)3.701 G 1.201
(ils\), sequentially search the passw).1 F 1.202
(ord \214le for a matching entry in the)-.1 F 1.446(GECOS \214eld.)189 417.6 R
1.446(This also requires that MA)6.446 F 1.446(TCHGECOS be turned on during)
-1.11 F 2.5(compilation. This)189 429.6 R(option is not recommended.)2.5 E(h)
117 445.8 Q F2(N)A F1 1.273(The maximum hop count.)189 445.8 R 1.274
(Messages that ha)6.273 F 1.574 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.274(een processed more than)
.15 F F2(N)3.774 E F1(times are assumed to be in a loop and are rejected.)189
457.8 Q(Def)5 E(aults to 25.)-.1 E(H)117 474 Q F2(\214le)A F1
(Specify the help \214le for SMTP)189 474 Q(.)-1.11 E 69.22(iI)117 490.2 S
1.015(gnore dots in incoming messages.)192.33 490.2 R 1.014(This is al)6.014 F
-.1(wa)-.1 G 1.014(ys disabled \(that is, dots are).1 F(al)189 502.2 Q -.1(wa)
-.1 G(ys accepted\) when reading SMTP mail.).1 E 68.67(II)117 518.4 S .619
(nsist that the BIND name serv)192.33 518.4 R .619(er be running to resolv)-.15
F 3.119(eh)-.15 G .62(ost names.)421.52 518.4 R .62(If this is)5.62 F .945
(not set and the name serv)189 530.4 R .945(er is not running, the)-.15 F F2
(/etc/hosts)3.445 E F1 .945(\214le will be consid-)3.445 F .187(ered complete.)
189 542.4 R .188(In general, you do w)5.187 F .188
(ant to set this option if your)-.1 F F2(/etc/hosts)2.688 E F1(\214le)2.688 E
.412(does not include all hosts kno)189 554.4 R .412
(wn to you or if you are using the MX \(mail for)-.25 F(-)-.2 E -.1(wa)189
566.4 S .314(rding\) feature of the BIND name serv).1 F(er)-.15 E 5.315(.T)-.55
G .315(he name serv)373.95 566.4 R .315(er will still be con-)-.15 F 1.523
(sulted e)189 578.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.023(ni).15 G 4.023(ft)242.196 578.4 S
1.523(his option is not set, b)252.329 578.4 R(ut)-.2 E F2(sendmail)4.023 E F1
1.522(will feel free to resort to)4.023 F(reading)189 590.4 Q F2(/etc/hosts)
3.052 E F1 .552(if the name serv)3.052 F .553(er is not a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G
3.053(ilable. Thus,).25 F .553(you should)3.053 F F2(ne)3.053 E(ver)-.15 E F1
(set this option if you do not run the name serv)189 602.4 Q(er)-.15 E(.)-.55 E
69.22(jI)117 618.6 S 3.129(fs)192.33 618.6 S .628
(et, send error messages in MIME format \(see RFC1341 and RFC1344 for)202.679
618.6 R(details\).)189 630.6 Q(J)117 646.8 Q F2(path)A F1 4.923
(Set the path for searching for users' .forw)189 646.8 R 4.923(ard \214les.)-.1
F 4.923(The def)9.923 F 4.923(ault is)-.1 F(\231$z/.forw)189 658.8 Q 2.869
(ard\232. Some)-.1 F .368
(sites that use the automounter may prefer to change this)2.869 F .676
(to \231/v)189 670.8 R(ar/forw)-.25 E .676
(ard/$u\232 to search a \214le with the same name as the user in a sys-)-.1 F
.925(tem directory)189 682.8 R 5.925(.I)-.65 G 3.425(tc)254.63 682.8 S .924
(an also be set to a sequence of paths separated by colons;)265.275 682.8 R F2
(sendmail)189 694.8 Q F1 .645
(stops at the \214rst \214le it can successfully and safely open.)3.145 F -.15
(Fo)5.646 G 3.146(re).15 G(xam-)483.45 694.8 Q 1.535(ple, \231/v)189 706.8 R
(ar/forw)-.25 E(ard/$u:$z/.forw)-.1 E 1.535(ard\232 will search \214rst in /v)
-.1 F(ar/forw)-.25 E(ard/)-.1 E F2(username)A F1(and then in)189 718.8 Q F2
(~username)2.5 E F1(/.forw)A(ard \(b)-.1 E
(ut only if the \214rst \214le does not e)-.2 E(xist\).)-.15 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-36 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(k)117 96 Q/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(N)A F1 .196
(The maximum number of open connections that will be cached at a time.)189 96 R
(The)5.197 E(def)189 108 Q .567(ault is one.)-.1 F .567
(This delays closing the the current connection until either this)5.567 F(in)
189 120 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G .515(cation of).2 F F2(sendmail)3.015 E F1 .516
(needs to connect to another host or it terminates.)3.016 F(Set-)5.516 E 1.959
(ting it to zero def)189 132 R 1.959(aults to the old beha)-.1 F(vior)-.2 E
4.458(,t)-.4 G 1.958(hat is, connections are closed)379.248 132 R(immediately)
189 144 Q(.)-.65 E(K)117 160.2 Q F2(timeout)A F1 .882
(The maximum amount of time a cached connection will be permitted to idle)189
160.2 R 2.746(without acti)189 172.2 R(vity)-.25 E 7.746(.I)-.65 G 5.246(ft)
267.482 172.2 S 2.746(his time is e)278.838 172.2 R 2.746
(xceeded, the connection is immediately)-.15 F 4.422(closed. This)189 184.2 R
-.25(va)4.422 G 1.923(lue should be small \(on the order of ten minutes\).).25
F(Before)6.923 E F2(sendmail)189 196.2 Q F1 1.287
(uses a cached connection, it al)3.787 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.286
(ys sends a NOOP \(no operation\)).1 F 2.058
(command to check the connection; if this f)189 208.2 R 2.058
(ails, it reopens the connection.)-.1 F .478(This k)189 220.2 R .478
(eeps your end from f)-.1 F .478(ailing if the other end times out.)-.1 F .478
(The point of this)5.478 F 3.099(option is to be a good netw)189 232.2 R 3.099
(ork neighbor and a)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 3.1(id using up e).2 F(xcessi)-.15 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G(resources on the other end.)189 244.2 Q(The def)5 E
(ault is \214v)-.1 E 2.5(em)-.15 G(inutes.)383.99 244.2 Q 69.22(lI)117 260.4 S
3.14(ft)192.33 260.4 S .64(here is an \231Errors-T)201.58 260.4 R .64
(o:\232 header)-.8 F 3.14(,s)-.4 G .64
(end error messages to the addresses listed)333.53 260.4 R 3.95(there. The)189
272.4 R 3.95(yn)-.15 G 1.451(ormally go to the en)247.29 272.4 R -.15(ve)-.4 G
1.451(lope sender).15 F 6.451(.U)-.55 G 1.451(se of this option causes)405.426
272.4 R F2(sendmail)189 284.4 Q F1(to violate RFC 1123.)2.5 E(L)117 300.6 Q F2
(n)A F1(Set the def)189 300.6 Q(ault log le)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lt).15 G
(o)288.77 300.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F1 5(.D)C(ef)315.99 300.6 Q(aults to 9.)-.1 E
64.22(mS)117 316.8 S(end to me too, e)194.56 316.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15
G 2.5(fIa)278.04 316.8 S 2.5(mi)294.14 316.8 S 2.5(na)307.2 316.8 S 2.5(na)
319.14 316.8 S(lias e)331.08 316.8 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(M)117 333 Q F2 1.666(xv)C
(alue)-1.666 E F1 1.313(Set the macro)189 333 R F2(x)3.812 E F1(to)3.812 E F2
(value)3.812 E F1 6.312(.T)C 1.312
(his is intended only for use from the command)306.854 333 R(line.)189 345 Q 67
(nV)117 361.2 S(alidate the RHS of aliases when reb)195.11 361.2 Q
(uilding the alias database.)-.2 E 67(oA)117 377.4 S 1.786
(ssume that the headers may be in old format, i.e., spaces delimit names.)
196.22 377.4 R .433(This actually turns on an adapti)189 389.4 R .733 -.15
(ve a)-.25 H .433(lgorithm: if an).15 F 2.932(yr)-.15 G .432
(ecipient address contains)403.156 389.4 R 5.089(ac)189 401.4 S 2.589
(omma, parenthesis, or angle brack)202.969 401.4 R 2.589
(et, it will be assumed that commas)-.1 F .485(already e)189 413.4 R 2.985
(xist. If)-.15 F .485(this \215ag is not on, only commas delimit names.)2.985 F
.484(Headers are)5.484 F(al)189 425.4 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
(ys output with commas between the names.).1 E(O)117 441.6 Q F2(options)A F1
(Set serv)189 441.6 Q(er SMTP options.)-.15 E(The options are)5 E F2 -.1(ke)2.5
G(y=value)-.2 E F1 2.5(pairs. Kno)2.5 F(wn k)-.25 E -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sa).15 G
(re:)488.82 441.6 Q 52.83(Port Name/number)229 457.8 R(of listening port \(def)
2.5 E(aults to "smtp"\))-.1 E 48.95(Addr Address)229 469.8 R(mask \(def)2.5 E
(aults IN)-.1 E(ADDR_ANY\))-.35 E -.15(Fa)229 481.8 S 41.31(mily Address).15 F
-.1(fa)2.5 G(mily \(def).1 E(aults to INET\))-.1 E 44.5(Listen Size)229 493.8 R
(of listen queue \(def)2.5 E(aults to 10\))-.1 E(The)189 510 Q F2(Addr)4.113 E
F1 1.614(ess mask may be a numeric address in dot notation or a netw)B(ork)-.1
E(name.)189 522 Q(p)117 538.2 Q F2(opt,opt,...)1.666 E F1 1.221(Set the pri)189
538.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G F2(opt)3.871 E F1 3.721(ions. `)B(`Pri)
-.74 E -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 2.701 -.74('' i).15 H 3.721(sr).74 G 1.221
(eally a misnomer; man)351.856 538.2 R 3.721(yo)-.15 G 3.72(ft)460.47 538.2 S
1.22(hese are)470.3 538.2 R 2.418(just a w)189 550.2 R 2.418
(ay of insisting on stricter adherence to the SMTP protocol.)-.1 F(The)7.419 E
F2(opt)189 562.2 Q F1(ions can be selected from:)A 40.26(public Allo)229 578.4
R 2.5(wo)-.25 G(pen access)329.01 578.4 Q 11.38(needmailhelo Insist)229 590.4 R
(on HELO or EHLO command before MAIL)2.5 E(neede)229 602.4 Q 9.87
(xpnhelo Insist)-.15 F(on HELO or EHLO command before EXPN)2.5 E(noe)229 614.4
Q 35.97(xpn Disallo)-.15 F 2.5(wE)-.25 G(XPN entirely)341.23 614.4 Q 12.5
(needvrfyhelo Insist)229 626.4 R(on HELO or EHLO command before VRFY)2.5 E(no)
229 638.4 Q 38.75(vrfy Disallo)-.15 F 2.5(wV)-.25 G(RFY entirely)342.34 638.4 Q
14.71(restrictmailq Restrict)229 650.4 R(mailq command)2.5 E 19.16
(restrictqrun Restrict)229 662.4 R(\255q command line \215ag)2.5 E(goa)229
674.4 Q -.1(wa)-.15 G 36.91(yD).1 G(isallo)303.98 674.4 Q 2.5(we)-.25 G
(ssentially all SMTP status queries)339.56 674.4 Q 1.566(The \231goa)189 690.6
R -.1(wa)-.15 G 1.566(y\232 pseudo-\215ag sets all \215ags e).1 F 1.565
(xcept \231restrictmailq\232 and \231restric-)-.15 F 4.298(tqrun\232. If)189
702.6 R 1.799(mailq is restricted, only people in the same group as the queue)
4.298 F .947(directory can print the queue.)189 714.6 R .946
(If queue runs are restricted, only root and the)5.946 F EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-37)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.25(ow)189 96 S
(ner of the queue directory can run the queue.).25 E(P)117 112.2 Q/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(postmaster)A F1 1.115
(If set, copies of error messages will be sent to the named)189 112.2 R F2
(postmaster)3.615 E F1 6.115(.O)C(nly)491.22 112.2 Q .398(the header of the f)
189 124.2 R .398(ailed message is sent.)-.1 F .397
(Since most errors are user problems,)5.398 F .563
(this is probably not a good idea on lar)189 136.2 R .564(ge sites, and ar)-.18
F .564(guably contains all sorts)-.18 F .05(of pri)189 148.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G
.35 -.15(cy v).25 H .05(iolations, b).15 F .05
(ut it seems to be popular with certain operating systems)-.2 F -.15(ve)189
160.2 S(ndors.).15 E(q)117 176.4 Q F2(factor)A F1(Use)189 176.4 Q F2(factor)
(as the multiplier in the map function to decide when to just queue)3.097 F
.426(up jobs rather than run them.)189 188.4 R .425(This v)5.425 F .425
(alue is di)-.25 F .425(vided by the dif)-.25 F .425(ference between)-.25 F
1.063(the current load a)189 200.4 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.064(rage and the load a)
.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.064(rage limit \().15 F F0(x)A F1 1.064
(\215ag\) to determine the)3.564 F(maximum message priority that will be sent.)
189 212.4 Q(Def)5 E(aults to 600000.)-.1 E(Q)117 228.6 Q F2(dir)A F1
(Use the named)189 228.6 Q F2(dir)2.5 E F1(as the queue directory)2.5 E(.)-.65
E(r)117 244.8 Q F2(timeouts)1.666 E F1 -.35(Ti)189 244.8 S 3.939
(meout reads after).35 F F2(time)6.438 E F1(interv)6.438 E 6.438(al. The)-.25 F
F2(timeouts)6.438 E F1(ar)6.438 E 3.938(gument is a list of)-.18 F F2 -.1(ke)
189 256.8 S(ywor)-.2 E(d=value)-.37 E F1 3.61(pairs. The)3.61 F 1.11
(recognized timeouts and their def)3.61 F 1.11(ault v)-.1 F 1.11(alues, and)
-.25 F(their minimum v)189 268.8 Q
(alues speci\214ed in RFC 1123 section 5.3.2 are:)-.25 E 23.6(initial w)229 285
R(ait for initial greeting message [5m, 5m])-.1 E 29.72(helo reply)229 297 R
(to HELO or EHLO command [5m, none])2.5 E 29.16(mail reply)229 309 R
(to MAIL command [10m, 5m])2.5 E 31.39(rcpt reply)229 321 R
(to RCPT command [1h, 5m])2.5 E 16.94(datainit reply)229 333 R(to D)2.5 E -1.21
-1.11(AT A)-.4 H(command [5m, 2m])3.61 E 8.06(datablock data)229 345 R
(block read [1h, 3m])2.5 E 12.5(data\214nal reply)229 357 R(to \214nal `)2.5 E
(`.)-.74 E 1.48 -.74('' i)-.7 H 2.5(nd).74 G(ata [1h, 10m])363.47 357 Q 32.5
(rset reply)229 369 R(to RSET command [5m, none])2.5 E 31.38(quit reply)229 381
R(to Q)2.5 E(UIT command [2m, none])-.1 E 28.05(misc reply)229 393 R
(to NOOP and VERB commands [2m, none])2.5 E 7.5(command command)229 405 R
(read [1h, 5m])2.5 E 26.94(ident IDENT)229 417 R(protocol timeout [30s, none])
2.5 E .799(All b)189 433.2 R .798(ut \231command\232 apply to client SMTP)-.2 F
5.798(.F)-1.11 G .798(or back compatibility)373.408 433.2 R 3.298(,at)-.65 G
(imeout)476.22 433.2 Q(with no `)189 445.2 Q(`k)-.74 E -.15(ey)-.1 G -.1(wo).15
G(rd=').1 E 2.5('p)-.74 G(art will set all of the longer v)281.4 445.2 Q
(alues.)-.25 E 65.33(RN)117 461.4 S(ormally)196.22 461.4 Q(,)-.65 E F2
(sendmail)4.153 E F1 1.653(tries to eliminate an)4.153 F 4.153(yu)-.15 G 1.654
(nnecessary e)371.718 461.4 R 1.654(xplicit routes when)-.15 F .931
(sending an error message \(as discussed in RFC 1123 \247 5.2.6\).)189 473.4 R
-.15(Fo)5.93 G 3.43(re).15 G(xample,)472.06 473.4 Q
(when sending an error message to)189 485.4 Q(<@kno)229 501.6 Q(wn1,@kno)-.25 E
(wn2,@unkno)-.25 E(wn:user@kno)-.25 E(wn3>)-.25 E F2(sendmail)189 517.8 Q F1
.46(will strip of)2.96 F 2.96(ft)-.25 G .46(he \231@kno)284.48 517.8 R .46
(wn1\232 in order to mak)-.25 F 2.96(et)-.1 G .46(he route as direct as)422.74
517.8 R 3.43(possible. Ho)189 529.8 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.73 -.4(r, i)
.15 H 3.43(ft).4 G(he)284.06 529.8 Q F0(R)3.43 E F1 .929
(option is set, this will be disabled, and the mail)3.429 F .362
(will be sent to the \214rst address in the route, e)189 541.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.862(ni).15 G 2.862(fl)391.452 541.8 S .362(ater addresses are kno)400.424
541.8 R(wn.)-.25 E(This may be useful if you are caught behind a \214re)189
553.8 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(ll.).1 E 68.11(sB)117 570 S 2.73(es)195.67 570 S(uper)
206.73 570 Q .229(-safe when running things, i.e., al)-.2 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .229
(ys instantiate the queue \214le, e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E .739
(if you are going to attempt immediate deli)189 582 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E
(.)-.65 E F2(Sendmail)5.739 E F1(al)3.239 E -.1(wa)-.1 G .739(ys instantiates)
.1 F(the queue \214le before returning control the the client under an)189 594
Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G(ircumstances.)444.07 594 Q(S)117 610.2 Q F2(\214le)A F1
(Log statistics in the named)189 610.2 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F1(.)A(t)117 626.4 Q
F2(tzinfo)A F1 .717(Set the local time zone info to)189 626.4 R F2(tzinfo)3.217
E F1 3.216<8a66>3.217 G .716(or e)358.502 626.4 R .716
(xample, \231PST8PDT\232.)-.15 F(Actually)5.716 E(,)-.65 E .314
(if this is not set, the TZ en)189 638.4 R .314(vironment v)-.4 F .315
(ariable is cleared \(so the system def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E .551
(is used\); if set b)189 650.4 R .551(ut null, the user')-.2 F 3.051(sT)-.55 G
3.051(Zv)334.038 650.4 S .55(ariable is used, and if set and non-null)347.949
650.4 R(the TZ v)189 662.4 Q(ariable is set to this v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E(T)117
678.6 Q F2(rtime/wtime)A F1 1.603(Set the queue timeout to)189 678.6 R F2
(rtime)4.103 E F1 6.603(.A)C 1.603(fter this interv)334.168 678.6 R 1.604
(al, messages that ha)-.25 F 1.904 -.15(ve n)-.2 H(ot).15 E 1.252
(been successfully sent will be returned to the sender)189 690.6 R 6.251(.D)
-.55 G(ef)422.727 690.6 Q 1.251(aults to \214v)-.1 F 3.751(ed)-.15 G(ays.)
488.17 690.6 Q .546(The optional)189 702.6 R F2(wtime)3.046 E F1 .546
(is the time after which a w)3.046 F .546(arning message is sent.)-.1 F .546
(If it is)5.546 F(missing or zero then no w)189 714.6 Q
(arning messages are sent.)-.1 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-38 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(u)117 96 Q/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F1 .176(Set the def)189 96 R .176
(ault userid for mailers to)-.1 F F2(n)2.675 E F1 5.175(.M)C .175
(ailers without the)355.285 96 R F2(S)2.675 E F1 .175(\215ag in the mailer)
2.675 F .083(de\214nition will run as this user)189 108 R 5.084(.D)-.55 G(ef)
322.84 108 Q .084(aults to 1.)-.1 F .084(The v)5.084 F .084
(alue can also be gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.584(na).15 G 2.584(sa)493.086 108
S(symbolic user name.)189 120 Q(U)117 136.2 Q F2(udbspec)A F1
(The user database speci\214cation.)189 136.2 Q 67(vR)117 152.4 S .412(un in v)
195.67 152.4 R .412(erbose mode.)-.15 F .412(If this is set,)5.412 F F2
(sendmail)2.911 E F1 .411(adjusts options)2.911 F F0(c)2.911 E F1(\(don')2.911
E 2.911(tc)-.18 G(onnect)477.34 152.4 Q .427(to e)189 164.4 R(xpensi)-.15 E
.727 -.15(ve m)-.25 H .427(ailers\) and).15 F F0(d)2.927 E F1(\(deli)2.928 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G .428(ry mode\) so that all mail is deli).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
(pletely in a single job so that you can see the entire deli)189 176.4 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G .048(ry process.).15 F(Option)5.048 E F0(v)2.548 E F1(should)189
188.4 Q F2(ne)3.389 E(ver)-.15 E F1 .889
(be set in the con\214guration \214le; it is intended for command line)3.389 F
(use only)189 200.4 Q(.)-.65 E(V)117 216.6 Q F2(fallbac)A(khost)-.2 E F1 .964
(If speci\214ed, the)189 216.6 R F2(fallbac)3.464 E(khost)-.2 E F1 .964
(acts lik)3.464 F 3.464(eav)-.1 G .964(ery lo)358.608 216.6 R 3.464(wp)-.25 G
.964(riority MX on e)398.056 216.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .963(ry host.).15 F
(This is intended to be used by sites with poor netw)189 228.6 Q(ork connecti)
-.1 E(vity)-.25 E(.)-.65 E 64.78(wI)117 244.8 S 4.06(fy)192.33 244.8 S 1.56
(ou are the \231best\232 \(that is, lo)204.72 244.8 R 1.56
(west preference\) MX for a gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.06(nh).15 G 1.56
(ost, you)470.77 244.8 R .433
(should normally detect this situation and treat that condition specially)189
256.8 R 2.932(,b)-.65 G 2.932(yf)481.278 256.8 S(or)492.54 256.8 Q(-)-.2 E -.1
(rding the mail to a UUCP feed, treating it as local, or whate).1 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 4.194 -.55(r. H).15 H -.25(ow).55 G -2.15 -.25(ev e).25 H -.4(r,).25 G
1.898(in some cases \(such as Internet \214re)189 280.8 R -.1(wa)-.25 G 1.898
(lls\) you may w).1 F 1.897(ant to try to connect)-.1 F .352
(directly to that host as though it had no MX records at all.)189 292.8 R .352
(Setting this option)5.352 F(causes)189 304.8 Q F2(sendmail)3.033 E F1 .533
(to try this.)3.033 F .533(The do)5.533 F .532
(wnside is that errors in your con\214guration)-.25 F .542(are lik)189 316.8 R
.542(ely to be diagnosed as \231host unkno)-.1 F .543
(wn\232 or \231message timed out\232 instead)-.25 F
(of something more meaningful.)189 328.8 Q(This option is disrecommended.)5 E
(x)117 345 Q F2(LA)A F1 .109(When the system load a)189 345 R -.15(ve)-.2 G
.108(rage e).15 F(xceeds)-.15 E F2(LA)2.608 E F1 2.608(,j)C .108
(ust queue messages \(i.e., don')367.55 345 R 2.608(tt)-.18 G(ry)495.67 345 Q
(to send them\).)189 357 Q(Def)5 E(aults to 8.)-.1 E(X)117 373.2 Q F2(LA)A F1
1.251(When the system load a)189 373.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.251(rage e).15 F
(xceeds)-.15 E F2(LA)3.751 E F1 3.751(,r)C 1.251(efuse incoming SMTP connec-)
376.097 373.2 R 2.5(tions. Def)189 385.2 R(aults to 12.)-.1 E(y)117 401.4 Q F2
(fact)A F1 .622(The indicated)189 401.4 R F2(fact)3.122 E F1 .622
(or is added to the priority \(thus)B F2(lowering)3.121 E F1 .621
(the priority of the)3.121 F 1.383(job\) for each recipient, i.e., this v)189
413.4 R 1.383(alue penalizes jobs with lar)-.25 F 1.384(ge numbers of)-.18 F
2.5(recipients. Def)189 425.4 R(aults to 30000.)-.1 E 64.78(YI)117 441.6 S
3.347(fs)192.33 441.6 S .847(et, deli)202.897 441.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.347(re)
.15 G .847(ach job that is run from the queue in a separate process.)251.121
441.6 R(Use)5.846 E .036(this option if you are short of memory)189 453.6 R
2.536(,s)-.65 G .037(ince the def)350.018 453.6 R .037
(ault tends to consume con-)-.1 F
(siderable amounts of memory while the queue is being processed.)189 465.6 Q(z)
117 481.8 Q F2(fact)A F1 1.645(The indicated)189 481.8 R F2(fact)4.145 E F1
1.644(or is multiplied by the message class \(determined by the)B .923
(Precedence: \214eld in the user header and the)189 493.8 R F0(P)3.423 E F1
.923(lines in the con\214guration \214le\))3.423 F .819
(and subtracted from the priority)189 505.8 R 5.819(.T)-.65 G .819
(hus, messages with a higher Priority: will)333.256 505.8 R(be f)189 517.8 Q
-.2(avo)-.1 G 2.5(red. Def).2 F(aults to 1800.)-.1 E(Z)117 534 Q F2(fact)A F1
(The)189 534 Q F2(fact)3.345 E F1 .845(or is added to the priority e)B -.15(ve)
-.25 G .846(ry time a job is processed.).15 F .846(Thus, each)5.846 F .942
(time a job is processed, its priority will be decreased by the indicated v)189
546 R(alue.)-.25 E .296(In most en)189 558 R .296
(vironments this should be positi)-.4 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.796(,s).15 G .296
(ince hosts that are do)378.612 558 R .297(wn are all)-.25 F(too often do)189
570 Q(wn for a long time.)-.25 E(Def)5 E(aults to 90000.)-.1 E 67(7S)117 586.2
S .279(trip input to se)194.56 586.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.779(nb).15 G .278
(its for compatibility with old systems.)275.276 586.2 R .278(This shouldn')
5.278 F 2.778(tb)-.18 G(e)499.56 586.2 Q(necessary)189 598.2 Q(.)-.65 E .779
(All options can be speci\214ed on the command line using the \255o \215ag, b)
117 614.4 R .78(ut most will cause)-.2 F F2(send-)3.28 E(mail)117 626.4 Q F1
.325(to relinquish its setuid permissions.)2.825 F .325
(The options that will not cause this are b, d, e, E, i, L,)5.325 F .216
(m, o, p, r)117 638.4 R 2.716(,s)-.4 G 2.716(,v)162.464 638.4 S 2.716(,C)172.03
638.4 S 2.716(,a)183.916 638.4 S .216(nd 7.)193.572 638.4 R .217
(Also, M \(de\214ne macro\) when de\214ning the r or s macros is also consid-)
5.216 F(ered \231safe\232.)117 650.4 Q F0 2.5(5.1.7. P)102 674.4 R 2.5<8a70>2.5
G -.18(re)156.17 674.4 S(cedence de\214nitions).18 E F1 -1.11(Va)142 690.6 S
.305(lues for the \231Precedence:\232 \214eld may be de\214ned using the)1.11 F
F0(P)2.805 E F1 .304(control line.)2.804 F .304(The syntax of)5.304 F
(this \214eld is:)117 702.6 Q EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-39)452.9 60 Q(P)157 96 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)A F0(=)A F1(num)A
/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .285(When the)117 112.2 R F1(name)2.785 E F2 .285
(is found in a \231Precedence:\232 \214eld, the message class is set to)2.785 F
F1(num)2.786 E F2 5.286(.H)C .286(igher num-)459.554 112.2 R .48
(bers mean higher precedence.)117 124.2 R .479(Numbers less than zero ha)5.48 F
.779 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .479(he special property that if an error).15 F 1.11(occu\
rs during processing the body of the message will not be returned; this is e)
117 136.2 R 1.11(xpected to be)-.15 F .678(used for \231b)117 148.2 R .678
(ulk\232 mail such as through mailing lists.)-.2 F .678(The def)5.678 F .678
(ault precedence is zero.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.678 G 3.178(re).15 G(xam-)483.45
148.2 Q(ple, our list of precedences is:)117 160.2 Q(P\214rst-class=0)157 176.4
Q(Pspecial-deli)157 188.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry=100).15 E(Plist=\25530)157 200.4
Q(Pb)157 212.4 Q(ulk=\25560)-.2 E(Pjunk=\255100)157 224.4 Q .799
(People writing mailing list e)117 240.6 R .799
(xploders are encouraged to use \231Precedence: list\232.)-.15 F .8(Older v)5.8
F(ersions)-.15 E(of)117 252.6 Q F1(sendmail)3.76 E F2 1.259
(\(which discarded all error returns for ne)3.76 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E
1.559 -.15(ve p)-.25 H 1.259(recedences\) didn').15 F 3.759(tr)-.18 G 1.259
(ecognize this)450.251 252.6 R .254(name, gi)117 264.6 R .254(ving it a def)
-.25 F .254(ault precedence of zero.)-.1 F .254(This allo)5.254 F .255
(ws list maintainers to see error returns on)-.25 F(both old and ne)117 276.6 Q
2.5(wv)-.25 G(ersions of)193.26 276.6 Q F1(sendmail)2.5 E F2(.)A F0 2.5
(5.1.8. V)102 300.6 R 2.5<8a63>2.5 G(on\214guration v)156.16 300.6 Q(ersion le)
-.1 E -.1(ve)-.15 G(l).1 E F2 2.11 -.8(To p)142 316.8 T(ro).8 E .51
(vide compatibility with old con\214guration \214les, the)-.15 F F0(V)3.01 E F2
.51(line has been added to de\214ne)3.01 F .172(some v)117 328.8 R .172
(ery basic semantics of the con\214guration \214le.)-.15 F .173
(These are not intended to be long term sup-)5.172 F 1.84(ports; rather)117
340.8 R 4.34(,t)-.4 G(he)176.66 340.8 Q 4.34(yd)-.15 G 1.84
(escribe compatibility features which will probably be remo)200.29 340.8 R -.15
(ve)-.15 G 4.34(di).15 G 4.34(nf)470.78 340.8 S(uture)483.45 340.8 Q(releases.)
117 352.8 Q F0(N.B.:)142 369 Q F2 1.032(these v)3.532 F(ersion)-.15 E F1(le)
3.532 E(vels)-.15 E F2(ha)3.532 E 1.332 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 1.032
(othing to do with the v).15 F(ersion)-.15 E F1(number)3.532 E F2 1.032
(on the \214les.)3.532 F -.15(Fo)6.032 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)117 381 S .384
(ample, as of this writing v).15 F .384
(ersion 8 con\214g \214les \(speci\214cally)-.15 F 2.884(,8)-.65 G .384
(.6\) used v)373.76 381 R .384(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.884(l5c).15 G
(on\214gu-)475.11 381 Q(rations.)117 393 Q .03
(\231Old\232 con\214guration \214les are de\214ned as v)142 409.2 R .031
(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.531(lo).15 G 2.531(ne. V)359.434 409.2 R
.031(ersion le)-1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.531(lt).15 G .231 -.1(wo \214)433.837
409.2 T .031(les mak).1 F 2.531(et)-.1 G(he)494.56 409.2 Q(follo)117 421.2 Q
(wing changes:)-.25 E 12.5(\(1\) Host)122 437.4 R .757(name canoni\214cation \
\($[ ... $]\) appends a dot if the name is recognized; this gi)3.257 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G(s).15 E .902(the con\214g \214le a w)148.66 449.4 R .903
(ay of \214nding out if an)-.1 F .903(ything matched.)-.15 F(\(Actually)5.903 E
3.403(,t)-.65 G .903(his just initializes)432.184 449.4 R .424
(the \231host\232 map with the \231\255a.)148.66 461.4 R 5.424<9a8d>-.7 G .424
(ag \212 you can reset it to an)280.016 461.4 R .424
(ything you prefer by declar)-.15 F(-)-.2 E(ing the map e)148.66 473.4 Q
(xplicitly)-.15 E(.\))-.65 E 12.5(\(2\) Def)122 489.6 R .435(ault host name e)
-.1 F .435(xtension is consistent throughout processing; v)-.15 F .436
(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.936(lo).15 G .436(ne con-)473.854 489.6 R
.829(\214gurations turned of)148.66 501.6 R 3.329(fd)-.25 G .829(omain e)
243.387 501.6 R .828(xtension \(that is, adding the local domain name\) during)
-.15 F .596(certain points in processing.)148.66 513.6 R -1.11(Ve)5.596 G .597
(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.097(lt).15 G .797 -.1(wo c)326.818 513.6 T
.597(on\214gurations are e).1 F .597(xpected to include a)-.15 F
(trailing dot to indicate that the name is already canonical.)148.66 525.6 Q
12.5(\(3\) Local)122 541.8 R .176
(names that are not aliases are passed through a ne)2.676 F 2.675(wd)-.25 G
.175(istinguished ruleset \214v)388.895 541.8 R .175(e; this)-.15 F .796
(can be used to append a local relay)148.66 553.8 R 5.797(.T)-.65 G .797
(his beha)307.671 553.8 R .797(viour can be pre)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .797
(nted by resolving the).15 F .621(local name with an initial `@'.)148.66 565.8
R .621(That is, something that resolv)5.621 F .62(es to a local mailer and a)
-.15 F .843(user name of \231vikki\232 will be passed through ruleset \214v)
148.66 577.8 R .843(e, b)-.15 F .844(ut a user name of \231@vikki\232)-.2 F
.328(will ha)148.66 589.8 R .628 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .328
(he `@' stripped, will not be passed through ruleset \214v).15 F .328(e, b)-.15
F .328(ut will otherwise be)-.2 F 1.508(treated the same as the prior e)148.66
601.8 R 4.009(xample. The)-.15 F -.15(ex)4.009 G 1.509
(pectation is that this might be used to).15 F .908(implement a polic)148.66
613.8 R 3.408(yw)-.15 G .907(here mail sent to \231vikki\232 w)238.174 613.8 R
.907(as handled by a central hub, b)-.1 F .907(ut mail)-.2 F
(sent to \231vikki@localhost\232 w)148.66 625.8 Q(as deli)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(red directly).15 E(.)-.65 E -1.11(Ve)142 642 S .228(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.728(lt).15 G .228(hree \214les allo)199.826 642 R 2.728(w#i)-.25 G
.229(nitiated comments on all lines.)274.368 642 R .229
(Exceptions are backslash)5.229 F(escaped # marks and the $# syntax.)117 654 Q
-1.11(Ve)142 670.2 S 1.594(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.094(lf).15 G 1.594
(our con\214gurations are completely equi)203.108 670.2 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.594
(lent to le).25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.093(lt).15 G 1.593(hree for historical)
429.724 670.2 R(reasons.)117 682.2 Q -1.11(Ve)142 698.4 S .234(rsion le)1.11 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.734<6c8c>.15 G .534 -.15(ve c)202.618 698.4 T .234
(on\214guration \214les change the def).15 F .234(ault de\214nition of)-.1 F F0
($w)2.734 E F2 .234(to be just the \214rst)2.734 F(component of the hostname.)
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-40 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(5.1.9. K)102 96 R 2.5<8a6b>2.5 G
(ey \214le declaration)157.74 96 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(Special maps can be de\214ned using the line:)142 112.2 Q
(Kmapname mapclass ar)157 128.4 Q(guments)-.18 E(The)117 144.6 Q/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(mapname)3.444 E F1 .944
(is the handle by which this map is referenced in the re)3.444 F .943
(writing rules.)-.25 F(The)5.943 E F2(map-)3.443 E(class)117 156.6 Q F1 .3
(is the name of a type of map; these are compiled in to)2.8 F F2(sendmail)2.801
E F1 5.301(.T)C(he)410.637 156.6 Q F2(ar)2.801 E(guments)-.37 E F1 .301
(are inter)2.801 F(-)-.2 E .57(preted depending on the class; typically)117
168.6 R 3.069(,t)-.65 G .569(here w)286.139 168.6 R .569(ould be a single ar)
-.1 F .569(gument naming the \214le con-)-.18 F(taining the map.)117 180.6 Q
(Maps are referenced using the syntax:)142 196.8 Q($\()157 213 Q F2(map k)2.5 E
-.3(ey)-.1 G F1($@)2.8 E F2(ar)2.5 E(guments)-.37 E F1($:)2.5 E F2(default)2.5
E F1($\))2.5 E .796(where either or both of the)117 229.2 R F2(ar)3.297 E
(guments)-.37 E F1(or)3.297 E F2(default)3.297 E F1 .797
(portion may be omitted.)3.297 F(The)5.797 E F2(ar)3.297 E(guments)-.37 E F1
(may)3.297 E .205(appear more than once.)117 241.2 R .205(The indicated)5.205 F
F2 -.1(ke)2.705 G(y)-.2 E F1(and)2.705 E F2(ar)2.705 E(guments)-.37 E F1 .205
(are passed to the appropriate mapping)2.705 F 2.503(function. If)117 253.2 R
.003(it returns a v)2.503 F .003(alue, it replaces the input.)-.25 F .003
(If it does not return a v)5.003 F .003(alue and the)-.25 F F2(default)2.503 E
F1(is)2.503 E(speci\214ed, the)117 265.2 Q F2(default)2.5 E F1
(replaces the input.)2.5 E(Otherwise, the input is unchanged.)5 E .16
(During replacement of either a map v)142 281.4 R .16(alue or def)-.25 F .159
(ault the string \231%)-.1 F F2(n)A F1 2.659<9a28>C(where)421.825 281.4 Q F2(n)
2.659 E F1 .159(is a digit\) is)2.659 F .203(replaced by the corresponding)117
293.4 R F2(ar)2.704 E(gument)-.37 E F1 5.204(.A)C -.18(rg)293.998 293.4 S .204
(ument zero is al).18 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .204(ys the database k).1 F -.15(ey)-.1 G
5.204(.F)-.5 G .204(or e)468.126 293.4 R(xam-)-.15 E(ple, the rule)117 305.4 Q
(R$- ! $+)157 321.6 Q($: $\(uucp $1 $@ $2 $: %1 @ %0 . UUCP $\))265 321.6 Q
.436(Looks up the UUCP name in a \(user de\214ned\) UUCP map; if not found it \
turns it into \231.UUCP\232)117 337.8 R 2.5(form. The)117 349.8 R
(database might contain records lik)2.5 E(e:)-.1 E(decv)157 366 Q 77.43
(ax %1@%0.DEC.COM)-.25 F 72.19(research %1@%0.A)157 378 R(TT)-1.11 E(.COM)-.74
E 2.064(The b)142 398.4 R 2.064(uilt in map with both name and class \231host\
\232 is the host name canonicalization)-.2 F 2.5(lookup. Thus,)117 410.4 R
(the syntax:)2.5 E($\(host)157 426.6 Q F2(hostname)2.5 E F1($\))A(is equi)117
442.8 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to:).25 E($[)157 459 Q F2(hostname)A F1($])A 1.783
(There are four prede\214ned database lookup classes: \231dbm\232, \231btree\
\232, \231hash\232, and \231nis\232.)142 479.4 R .568
(The \214rst requires that)117 491.4 R F2(sendmail)3.068 E F1 .569
(be compiled with the)3.068 F F0(ndbm)3.069 E F1 .569(library; the second tw)
3.069 F 3.069(or)-.1 G .569(equire the)463.721 491.4 R F0(db)117 503.4 Q F1
(library)3.198 E 3.198(,a)-.65 G .698(nd the third requires that)167.466 503.4
R F2(sendmail)3.198 E F1 .698(be compiled with NIS support.)3.198 F .698
(All four accept)5.698 F .311(as ar)117 515.4 R .311(guments the some optional\
\215ags and a \214lename \(or a mapname for NIS; the \214lename is the)-.18 F
.105(root of the database path, so that \231.db\232 or some other e)117 527.4 R
.105(xtension appropriate for the database type)-.15 F
(will be added to get the actual database name\).)117 539.4 Q(Kno)5 E
(wn \215ags are:)-.25 E 58.86(\255o Indicates)117 555.6 R .21
(that this map is optional \212 that is, if it cannot be opened, no error is)
2.71 F(produced, and)189 567.6 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(will beha)2.5 E .3 -.15
(ve a)-.2 H 2.5(si).15 G 2.5(ft)348.9 567.6 S(he map e)357.51 567.6 Q(xisted b)
-.15 E(ut w)-.2 E(as empty)-.1 E(.)-.65 E 56.64(\255N Normally)117 583.8 R .515
(when maps are written, the trailing null byte is not included as part)3.016 F
.799(of the k)189 595.8 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.799(.I)-.5 G 3.299(ft)241.317 595.8 S
.799(his \215ag is indicated it will be included.)250.726 595.8 R .8
(During lookups, only)5.8 F(the null-byte-included form will be searched.)189
607.8 Q(See also)5 E F0(\255O.)2.5 E F1 56.64(\255O If)117 624 R(neither)4.389
E F0<ad4e>4.389 E F1(or)4.389 E F0<ad4f>4.389 E F1 1.888(are speci\214ed,)4.388
F F2(sendmail)4.388 E F1 1.888(uses an adapti)4.388 F 2.188 -.15(ve a)-.25 H
1.888(lgorithm to).15 F 1.025
(decide whether or not to look for null bytes on the end of k)189 636 R -.15
(ey)-.1 G 3.525(s. It).15 F 1.025(starts by)3.525 F .922
(trying both; if it \214nds an)189 648 R 3.422(yk)-.15 G 1.222 -.15(ey w)
304.292 648 T .922(ith a null byte it ne).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.422(rt).15 G
.922(ries ag)422.686 648 R .921(ain without a)-.05 F .123(null byte and vice v)
189 660 R 2.623(ersa. If)-.15 F .123(this \215ag is speci\214ed, it ne)2.623 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.623(rt).15 G .123(ries with a null byte;)421.286 660 R .749
(this can speed matches b)189 672 R .749(ut is ne)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.249
(rn).15 G(ecessary)341.673 672 Q 5.749(.I)-.65 G 3.248(fb)386.472 672 S(oth)
398.05 672 Q F0<ad4e>3.248 E F1(and)3.248 E F0<ad4f>3.248 E F1 .748(are speci-)
3.248 F(\214ed,)189 684 Q F2(sendmail)4.348 E F1 1.848(will ne)4.348 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 4.348(rt).15 G 1.848(ry an)300.152 684 R 4.348(ym)-.15 G 1.849
(atches at all \212 that is, e)339.248 684 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.849(rything will)
.15 F(appear to f)189 696 Q(ail.)-.1 E<ad61>117 712.2 Q F2(x)A F1 .107
(Append the string)189 712.2 R F2(x)2.607 E F1 .107(on successful matches.)
2.607 F -.15(Fo)5.107 G 2.607(re).15 G .106(xample, the def)387.856 712.2 R
(ault)-.1 E F2(host)2.606 E F1(map)2.606 E
(appends a dot on successful matches.)189 724.2 Q EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-41)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 60.53(\255f Do)117 96 R
(not fold upper to lo)2.5 E(wer case before looking up the k)-.25 E -.15(ey)-.1
G(.)-.5 E 56.08(\255m Match)117 112.2 R .085(only \(without replacing the v)
2.585 F 2.585(alue\). If)-.25 F .085(you only care about the e)2.585 F
(xistence)-.15 E 2.619(of a k)189 124.2 R 2.919 -.15(ey a)-.1 H 2.619
(nd not the v).15 F 2.618(alue \(as you might when searching the NIS map)-.25 F
.447(\231hosts.byname\232 for e)189 136.2 R .447(xample\), this \215ag pre)-.15
F -.15(ve)-.25 G .447(nts the map from substituting the).15 F -.25(va)189 148.2
S 4.936(lue. Ho).25 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.236 -.4(r, T).15 H 2.436
(he \255a ar).4 F 2.436(gument is still appended on a match, and the)-.18 F
(def)189 160.2 Q(ault is still tak)-.1 E(en if the match f)-.1 E(ails.)-.1 E
(The)142 176.4 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(dbm)3.874 E F1 1.374
(map appends the strings \231.pag\232 and \231.dir\232 to the gi)3.874 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G 3.874<6e8c>.15 G 1.374(lename; the tw)420.268 176.4 R(o)-.1 E F2(db)
3.874 E F1(-)A(based maps append \231.db\232.)117 188.4 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re)
.15 G(xample, the map speci\214cation)246.67 188.4 Q -.15(Ku)157 204.6 S
(ucp dbm \255o \255N /usr/lib/uucpmap).15 E .77
(speci\214es an optional map named \231uucp\232 of class \231dbm\232; it al)117
220.8 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .77(ys has null bytes at the end of).1 F -2.15 -.25(ev e)
117 232.8 T(ry string, and the data is located in /usr/lib/uucpmap.{dir).25 E
(,pag}.)-.4 E .022(The program)142 249 R F2(mak)2.522 E(emap)-.1 E F1 .023
(\(8\) can be used to b)B .023(uild an)-.2 F 2.523(yo)-.15 G 2.523(ft)353.095
249 S .023(he three database-oriented maps.)361.728 249 R(It)5.023 E(tak)117
261 Q(es the follo)-.1 E(wing \215ags:)-.25 E 60.53(\255f F)117 277.2 R
(old upper to lo)-.15 E(wer case in the map.)-.25 E 56.64(\255N Include)117
293.4 R(null bytes in k)2.5 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(s.).15 E 58.86(\255o Append)117
309.6 R(to an e)2.5 E(xisting \(old\) \214le.)-.15 E 60.53(\255r Allo)117 325.8
R 3.479(wr)-.25 G .979(eplacement of e)220.559 325.8 R .979(xisting k)-.15 F
-.15(ey)-.1 G .979(s; normally).15 F 3.479(,r)-.65 G .979(e-inserting an e)
385.494 325.8 R .979(xisting k)-.15 F 1.279 -.15(ey i)-.1 H(s).15 E(an error)
189 337.8 Q(.)-.55 E 58.86(\255v Print)117 354 R(what is happening.)2.5 E(The)
117 370.2 Q F2(sendmail)2.772 E F1 .272(daemon does not ha)2.772 F .572 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H 2.772(ob).15 G 2.772(er)282.144 370.2 S .272
(estarted to read the ne)292.686 370.2 R 2.772(wm)-.25 G .273
(aps as long as you change)399.046 370.2 R .042
(them in place; \214le locking is used so that the maps w)117 384.2 R(on')-.1 E
2.542(tb)-.18 G 2.542(er)352.218 384.2 S .042(ead while the)362.53 384.2 R
2.542(ya)-.15 G .042(re being updated.)427.766 384.2 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF
(14)497 380.2 Q F1(There are also tw)142 400.4 Q 2.5(ob)-.1 G
(uiltin maps that are, strictly speaking, not database lookups.)223.34 400.4 Q
1.563(The \231host\232 map does host domain canoni\214cation; gi)142 416.6 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G 4.063(nah).15 G 1.563(ost name it calls the name)392.587 416.6 R
(serv)117 428.6 Q(er to \214nd the canonical name for that host.)-.15 E .106
(The \231dequote\232 map strips double quotes \("\) from a name.)142 444.8 R
.106(It does not strip backslashes.)5.106 F(It)5.106 E 1.838
(will not strip quotes if the resulting string w)117 456.8 R 1.838
(ould contain unscannable syntax \(that is, basic)-.1 F .6(errors lik)117 468.8
R 3.1(eu)-.1 G .6(nbalanced angle brack)166.42 468.8 R .601
(ets; more sophisticated errors such as unkno)-.1 F .601(wn hosts are not)-.25
F(check)117 480.8 Q 3.399(ed\). The)-.1 F .899
(intent is for use when trying to accept mail from systems such as DECnet that)
3.399 F(routinely quote odd syntax such as)117 492.8 Q("49ers::ubell")157 509 Q
2.5(At)117 525.2 S(ypical usage is probably something lik)129.5 525.2 Q(e:)-.1
E(Kdequote dequote)157 541.4 Q(...)157 565.4 Q 88.19(R$\255 $:)157 589.4 R
($\(dequote $1 $\))2.5 E(R$\255 $+)157 601.4 Q($: $>3 $1 $2)265 601.4 Q
(Care must be tak)117 617.6 Q(en to pre)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt une).15 E
(xpected results; for e)-.15 E(xample,)-.15 E("|someprogram < input > output")
157 633.8 Q .083(will ha)117 650 R .383 -.15(ve q)-.2 H .083(uotes stripped, b)
.15 F .083(ut the result is probably not what you had in mind.)-.2 F -.15(Fo)
5.084 G .084(rtunately these).15 F(cases are rare.)117 662 Q .32 LW 76 671.6 72
671.6 DL 80 671.6 76 671.6 DL 84 671.6 80 671.6 DL 88 671.6 84 671.6 DL 92
671.6 88 671.6 DL 96 671.6 92 671.6 DL 100 671.6 96 671.6 DL 104 671.6 100
671.6 DL 108 671.6 104 671.6 DL 112 671.6 108 671.6 DL 116 671.6 112 671.6 DL
120 671.6 116 671.6 DL 124 671.6 120 671.6 DL 128 671.6 124 671.6 DL 132 671.6
128 671.6 DL 136 671.6 132 671.6 DL 140 671.6 136 671.6 DL 144 671.6 140 671.6
DL 148 671.6 144 671.6 DL 152 671.6 148 671.6 DL 156 671.6 152 671.6 DL 160
671.6 156 671.6 DL 164 671.6 160 671.6 DL 168 671.6 164 671.6 DL 172 671.6 168
671.6 DL 176 671.6 172 671.6 DL 180 671.6 176 671.6 DL 184 671.6 180 671.6 DL
188 671.6 184 671.6 DL 192 671.6 188 671.6 DL 196 671.6 192 671.6 DL 200 671.6
196 671.6 DL 204 671.6 200 671.6 DL 208 671.6 204 671.6 DL 212 671.6 208 671.6
DL 216 671.6 212 671.6 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(14)93.6 682 Q/F5 8
/Times-Roman@0 SF .128(That is, don')3.2 J 2.128(tc)-.144 G .128(reate ne)
147.28 685.2 R 2.128(wm)-.2 G .128(aps and then use)186.432 685.2 R/F6 8
/Times-Italic@0 SF(mv)2.129 E F5 .129(\(1\) to mo)B .369 -.12(ve t)-.12 H .129
(hem into place.).12 F 2.129(Ic)4.129 G .129(onsider this a shortf)354.465
685.2 R .129(all \(a.k.a. b)-.08 F .129(ug\) in)-.16 F F6(sendmail)2.129 E F5
(which should be \214x)72 694.8 Q(ed in a future release.)-.12 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-42 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Ne)142 96 Q 2.5
(wc)-.25 G(lasses can be added in the routine)167.57 96 Q F0(setupmaps)2.5 E F1
(in \214le)2.5 E F0(conf)2.5 E(.c)-.15 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(5.2. Building)87 120 R
2.5(aC)2.5 G(on\214guration File Fr)160.91 120 Q(om Scratch)-.18 E F1 1.518
(Building a con\214guration table from scratch is an e)127 136.2 R 1.518
(xtremely dif)-.15 F 1.517(\214cult job)-.25 F 6.517(.F)-.4 G(ortunately)
441.336 136.2 Q 4.017(,i)-.65 G 4.017(ti)490.533 136.2 S(s)500.11 136.2 Q 1.855
(almost ne)102 148.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.355(rn).15 G 1.855
(ecessary to do so; nearly e)164.19 148.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.855
(ry situation that may come up may be resolv).15 F 1.855(ed by)-.15 F .417
(changing an e)102 160.2 R .417(xisting table.)-.15 F .417(In an)5.417 F 2.917
(ase, it is critical that you understand what it is that you are try-)248.622
160.2 R 1.151(ing to do and come up with a philosoph)102 172.2 R 3.651(yf)-.05
G 1.151(or the con\214guration table.)281.469 172.2 R 1.152
(This section is intended to)6.151 F -.15(ex)102 184.2 S .67
(plain what the real purpose of a con\214guration table is and to gi).15 F .97
-.15(ve y)-.25 H .67(ou some ideas for what your).15 F(philosoph)102 196.2 Q
2.5(ym)-.05 G(ight be.)156.68 196.2 Q F0 1.32(Do not e)127 212.4 R -.1(ve)-.15
G 3.82(nc).1 G(onsider)188.2 212.4 Q F1 1.32(writing your o)3.82 F 1.32
(wn con\214guration \214le without carefully studying RFC)-.25 F
(821, 822, and 1123.)102 224.4 Q -1.1(Yo)5 G 2.5(us)1.1 G
(hould also read RFC 976 if you are doing UUCP e)208.95 224.4 Q(xchange.)-.15 E
F0 2.5(5.2.1. What)102 248.4 R -.25(yo)2.5 G 2.5(ua).25 G .36 -.18(re t)178.7
248.4 T(rying to do).18 E F1 .821
(The con\214guration table has three major purposes.)142 264.6 R .82
(The \214rst and simplest is to set up the)5.821 F(en)117 276.6 Q .35
(vironment for)-.4 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.85 E F1 5.35(.T)C .35
(his in)234.58 276.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G(lv).2 E .35
(es setting the options, de\214ning a fe)-.15 F 2.85(wc)-.25 G .35
(ritical macros, etc.)429.43 276.6 R(Since these are described in other places\
, we will not go into more detail here.)117 288.6 Q .284
(The second purpose is to re)142 304.8 R .284(write addresses in the message.)
-.25 F .283(This should typically be done)5.283 F .213(in tw)117 316.8 R 2.713
(op)-.1 G 2.713(hases. The)150.106 316.8 R .213
(\214rst phase maps addresses in an)2.713 F 2.713(yf)-.15 G .213
(ormat into a canonical form.)337.18 316.8 R .214(This should)5.214 F .157
(be done in ruleset three.)117 328.8 R .157
(The second phase maps this canonical form into the syntax appropriate)5.157 F
1.997(for the recei)117 340.8 R 1.997(ving mailer)-.25 F(.)-.55 E F2(Sendmail)
6.997 E F1 1.997(does this in three subphases.)4.497 F 1.997
(Rulesets one and tw)6.997 F 4.498(oa)-.1 G(re)496.23 340.8 Q .043
(applied to all sender and recipient addresses respecti)117 352.8 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.043(.A)-.65 G .043(fter this, you may specify per)357.905
352.8 R(-mailer)-.2 E 2.723
(rulesets for both sender and recipient addresses; this allo)117 364.8 R 2.723
(ws mailer)-.25 F 2.723(-speci\214c customization.)-.2 F(Finally)117 376.8 Q
2.5(,r)-.65 G(uleset four is applied to do an)153.02 376.8 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G(ef)
283.69 376.8 Q(ault con)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(rsion to e).15 E(xternal form.)-.15
E .785(The third purpose is to map addresses into the actual set of instructio\
ns necessary to get)142 393 R .153(the message deli)117 405 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.653(red. Ruleset).15 F .153(zero must resolv)2.653 F 2.653(et)-.15 G 2.653
(ot)321.651 405 S .154(he internal form, which is in turn used as a)332.084 405
R .447(pointer to a mailer descriptor)117 417 R 5.446(.T)-.55 G .446
(he mailer descriptor describes the interf)248.382 417 R .446
(ace requirements of the)-.1 F(mailer)117 429 Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
(5.2.2. Philosoph)102 453 R(y)-.15 E F1 1.48(The particular philosoph)142 469.2
R 3.98(yy)-.05 G 1.481(ou choose will depend hea)257.21 469.2 R 1.481
(vily on the size and structure of)-.2 F .55(your or)117 481.2 R -.05(ga)-.18 G
3.05(nization. I).05 F .55(will present a fe)3.05 F 3.05(wp)-.25 G .55
(ossible philosophies here.)283.39 481.2 R .55(There are as man)5.55 F 3.05(yp)
-.15 G(hiloso-)476.22 481.2 Q
(phies as there are con\214g designers; feel free to de)117 493.2 Q -.15(ve)
-.25 G(lop your o).15 E(wn.)-.25 E .388
(One general point applies to all of these philosophies: it is almost al)142
509.4 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .388(ys a mistak).1 F 2.889(et)-.1 G 2.889(ot)485.001
509.4 S(ry)495.67 509.4 Q .176(to do full host route resolution.)117 521.4 R
-.15(Fo)5.176 G 2.676(re).15 G .176
(xample, if you are on a UUCP-only site and you are trying)267.654 521.4 R
1.223(to get names of the form \231user@host\232 to the Internet, it does not \
pay to route them to \231xyz-)117 533.4 R -.25(va)117 545.4 S(x!decv).25 E
(ax!ucb)-.25 E -.25(va)-.15 G .305
(x!c70!user@host\232 since you then depend on se).25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .304
(ral links not under your con-).15 F .996(trol, some of which are lik)117 557.4
R .996(ely to misparse it an)-.1 F(yw)-.15 E(ay)-.1 E 5.996(.T)-.65 G .996
(he best approach to this problem is to)347.318 557.4 R 1.049(simply forw)117
569.4 R 1.049(ard the message for \231user@host\232 to \231xyzv)-.1 F 1.048
(ax\232 and let xyzv)-.25 F 1.048(ax w)-.25 F 1.048(orry about it from)-.1 F
3.605(there. In)117 581.4 R(summary)3.605 E 3.605(,j)-.65 G 1.106
(ust get the message closer to the destination, rather than determining the)
202.985 581.4 R(full path.)117 593.4 Q F0 2.5(5.2.2.1. Lar)117 617.4 R
(ge site, many hosts \212 minimum inf)-.1 E(ormation)-.25 E F1(Berk)157 633.6 Q
(ele)-.1 E 3.019(yi)-.15 G 3.019(sa)198.649 633.6 S 3.018(ne)209.998 633.6 S
.518(xample of a lar)222.306 633.6 R .518(ge site, i.e., more than tw)-.18 F
3.018(oo)-.1 G 3.018(rt)400.268 633.6 S .518(hree hosts and multiple)409.396
633.6 R .443(mail connections.)132 645.6 R 2.043 -.8(We h)5.443 H -2.25 -.2
(av e).8 H .443(decided that the only reasonable philosoph)3.143 F 2.944(yi)
-.05 G 2.944(no)429.632 645.6 S .444(ur en)442.576 645.6 R(vironment)-.4 E .312
(is to designate one host as the guru for our site.)132 657.6 R .312
(It must be able to resolv)5.312 F 2.812(ea)-.15 G .612 -.15(ny p)438.504 657.6
T .312(iece of mail).15 F 1.082(it recei)132 669.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.582
(s. The).15 F 1.083(other sites should ha)3.583 F 1.383 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.083
(he minimum amount of information the).15 F 3.583(yc)-.15 G 1.083(an get)
478.757 669.6 R -2.3 -.15(aw a)132 681.6 T 2.636(yw).15 G 2.636(ith. In)162.706
681.6 R .136(addition, an)2.636 F 2.636(yi)-.15 G .135(nformation the)249.49
681.6 R 2.635(yd)-.15 G 2.635(oh)321.27 681.6 S -2.25 -.2(av e)333.905 681.6 T
.135(should be hints rather than solid infor)2.835 F(-)-.2 E(mation.)132 693.6
Q -.15(Fo)157 709.8 S 6.709(re).15 G 4.209
(xample, a typical site on our local ether netw)181.739 709.8 R 4.21
(ork is \231monet\232 \(actually)-.1 F(\231monet.CS.Berk)132 721.8 Q(ele)-.1 E
-.65(y.)-.15 G 3.887(EDU\232\). When).65 F 1.387(monet recei)3.887 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 3.887(sm).15 G 1.387(ail for deli)354.258 721.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15
E 3.887(,i)-.65 G 3.887(tc)424.579 721.8 S 1.387(hecks whether it)435.686 721.8
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-43)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(kno)132 96 Q 1.342(ws that the de\
stination host is directly reachable; if so, mail is sent to that host.)-.25 F
1.343(If it)6.343 F(recei)132 108 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.915(sm).15 G .415
(ail for an)175.055 108 R 2.915(yu)-.15 G(nkno)224.75 108 Q .415
(wn host, it just passes it directly to \231ucb)-.25 F -.25(va)-.15 G
(x.CS.Berk).25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232,).65 E .177(our master host.)
132 120 R(Ucb)5.177 E -.25(va)-.15 G 2.677(xm).25 G .177
(ay determine that the host name is ille)242.848 120 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.678(la)
.05 G .178(nd reject the message,)415.156 120 R .754(or may be able to do deli)
132 132 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E 5.754(.H)-.65 G -.25(ow)268.148 132 S -2.15
-.25(ev e).25 H 1.554 -.4(r, i).25 H 3.254(ti).4 G 3.254(si)313.876 132 S .754
(mportant to note that when a ne)323.8 132 R 3.253(wm)-.25 G .753(ail con-)
472.977 132 R .164(nection is added, the only host that)132 144 R/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(must)2.664 E F1(ha)2.664 E .464 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .164
(ts tables updated is ucb).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G .164(x; the others).25 F F2(may)
2.665 E F1(be)2.665 E(updated if con)132 156 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(nient, b).15 E
(ut this is not critical.)-.2 E 2.122
(This picture is slightly muddied due to netw)157 172.2 R 2.121
(ork connections that are not actually)-.1 F 2.361(located on ucb)132 184.2 R
-.25(va)-.15 G 4.862(x. F).25 F 2.362(or e)-.15 F 2.362
(xample, some UUCP connections are currently on \231ucbarpa.)-.15 F<9a>-.7 E
(Ho)132 196.2 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.045 -.4(r, m).15 H(onet).4 E F2 .245
(does not)2.745 F F1(kno)2.745 E 2.745(wa)-.25 G .244
(bout this; the information is hidden totally between ucb)266.345 196.2 R -.25
(va)-.15 G(x).25 E 1.044(and ucbarpa.)132 208.2 R 1.045
(Mail going from monet to a UUCP host is transferred via the ethernet from)
6.044 F 1.431(monet to ucb)132 220.2 R -.25(va)-.15 G 1.431
(x, then via the ethernet from ucb).25 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.931(xt).25 G 3.931
(ou)355.709 220.2 S 1.43(cbarpa, and then is submitted to)369.64 220.2 R(UUCP)
132 232.2 Q 5(.A)-1.11 G(lthough this in)172.28 232.2 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G(lv).2 E
(es some e)-.15 E(xtra hops, we feel this is an acceptable tradeof)-.15 E(f.)
-.25 E .825(An interesting point is that it w)157 248.4 R .826
(ould be possible to update monet to send appropriate)-.1 F .127
(UUCP mail directly to ucbarpa if the load got too high; if monet f)132 260.4 R
.127(ailed to note a host as con-)-.1 F .352(nected to ucbarpa it w)132 272.4 R
.352(ould go via ucb)-.1 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.852(xa).25 G 2.853(sb)305.946 272.4
S .353(efore, and if monet incorrectly sent a message)317.689 272.4 R .396
(to ucbarpa it w)132 284.4 R .396(ould still be sent by ucbarpa to ucb)-.1 F
-.25(va)-.15 G 2.896(xa).25 G 2.896(sb)356.656 284.4 S 2.896(efore. The)368.442
284.4 R .395(only problem that can)2.896 F .9(occur is loops, for e)132 296.4 R
.901(xample, if ucbarpa thought that ucb)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.401(xh).25 G
.901(ad the UUCP connection and)383.746 296.4 R(vice v)132 308.4 Q 2.5(ersa. F)
-.15 F(or this reason, updates should)-.15 E F2(always)2.5 E F1
(happen to the master host \214rst.)2.5 E .145(This philosoph)157 324.6 R 2.645
(yr)-.05 G .145(esults as much from the need to ha)227.8 324.6 R .445 -.15
(ve a s)-.2 H .144(ingle source for the con\214gu-).15 F .288
(ration \214les \(typically b)132 336.6 R .289(uilt using)-.2 F F2(m4)2.789 E
F1 .289(\(1\) or some similar tool\) as an)1.666 F 2.789(yl)-.15 G .289
(ogical need.)410.662 336.6 R(Maintain-)5.289 E
(ing more than three separate tables by hand is essentially an impossible job)
132 348.6 Q(.)-.4 E F0 2.5(5.2.2.2. Small)117 372.6 R(site \212 complete inf)
2.5 E(ormation)-.25 E F1 3.356(As)157 388.8 S .856(mall site \(tw)171.466 388.8
R 3.356(oo)-.1 G 3.356(rt)236.434 388.8 S .856(hree hosts and fe)245.9 388.8 R
3.356(we)-.25 G .856(xternal connections\) may \214nd it more rea-)330.564
388.8 R .435(sonable to ha)132 400.8 R .735 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .435
(omplete information at each host.).15 F .435(This w)5.435 F .435
(ould require that each host kno)-.1 F(w)-.25 E -.15(ex)132 412.8 S .185
(actly where each netw).15 F .185
(ork connection is, possibly including the names of each host on that)-.1 F
(netw)132 424.8 Q 4.34(ork. As)-.1 F 1.841
(long as the site remains small and the the con\214guration remains relati)4.34
F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
(static, the update problem will probably not be too great.)132 436.8 Q F0 2.5
(5.2.2.3. Single)117 460.8 R(host)2.5 E F1 .117(This is in some sense the tri)
157 477 R .117(vial case.)-.25 F .117
(The only major issue is trying to insure that you)5.117 F(don')132 489 Q 3.424
(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)161.354 489 T .924(to kno)3.624 F 3.424(wt)-.25 G
.925(oo much about your en)217.686 489 R 3.425(vironment. F)-.4 F .925(or e)
-.15 F .925(xample, if you ha)-.15 F 1.225 -.15(ve a U)-.2 H(UCP).15 E .615
(connection you might \214nd it useful to kno)132 501 R 3.115(wa)-.25 G .614
(bout the names of hosts connected directly to)318.89 501 R(you, b)132 513 Q
(ut this is really not necessary since this may be determined from the syntax.)
-.2 E F0 2.5(5.2.2.4. A)117 537 R(completely differ)2.5 E(ent philosoph)-.18 E
(y)-.15 E F1(This is adapted from Bruce Lilly)157 553.2 Q 5(.A)-.65 G .3 -.15
(ny e)301.89 553.2 T(rrors in interpretation are mine.).15 E .064
(Do minimal changes in ruleset 3: \214x some common b)157 569.4 R .065
(ut unambiguous errors \(e.g. trail-)-.2 F 2.758
(ing dot on domains\) and hide bang paths foo!bar into bar@foo.UUCP)132 581.4 R
7.758(.T)-1.11 G 2.758(he resulting)454.302 581.4 R("canonical" form is an)132
593.4 Q 2.5(yv)-.15 G(alid RFC822/RFC1123/RFC976 address.)233.63 593.4 Q 1.387
(Ruleset 0 does the b)157 609.6 R 1.387(ulk of the w)-.2 F 3.887(ork. It)-.1 F
(remo)3.887 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.887(st).15 G 1.387
(he trailing "@.UUCP" that hides)367.47 609.6 R .661(bang paths, strips an)132
621.6 R .661(ything not needed to resolv)-.15 F .661
(e, e.g. the phrase from phrase <route-addr>)-.15 F .496
(and from named groups, rejects unparseable addresses using $#error)132 633.6 R
2.997(,a)-.4 G .497(nd \214nally resolv)419.049 633.6 R .497(es to)-.15 F 4.325
(am)132 645.6 S 1.825(ailer/host/user triple.)148.545 645.6 R 1.825
(Ruleset 0 is rather length)6.825 F 4.325(ya)-.05 G 4.325(si)360.97 645.6 S
4.325(th)371.965 645.6 S 1.824(as to handle 3 basic address)384.07 645.6 R
5.373(forms: RFC976 bang paths, RFC1123 %-hacks \(including v)132 657.6 R 5.374
(anilla RFC822 local-)-.25 F .137(part@domain\), and RFC822 source routes.)132
669.6 R(It')5.137 E 2.637(sa)-.55 G .137(lso complicated by ha)329.512 669.6 R
.136(ving to handle named)-.2 F(lists.)132 681.6 Q .616(The header re)157 697.8
R .616(writing rulesets 1 and 2 remo)-.25 F .916 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .616
(he trailing "@.UUCP" that hides bang).15 F 2.5(paths. Ruleset)132 709.8 R 2.5
(2a)2.5 G(lso strips the $# mailer $@ host \(for test mode\).)205.05 709.8 Q EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-44 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(Ruleset 4 does absolutely nothing.)157 96 Q 1.317(The per)157 112.2 R 1.317
(-mailer re)-.2 F 1.317(writing rulesets conform the en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G
1.316(lope and header addresses to the).15 F
(requirements of the speci\214c mailer)132 124.2 Q(.)-.55 E
(Lots of rulesets-as-subroutines are used.)157 140.4 Q .35(As a result, header\
addresses are subject to minimal munging \(per RFC1123\), and the)157 156.6 R
(general plan is per RFC822 sect. 3.4.10.)132 168.6 Q F0 2.5(5.2.3. Rele)102
192.6 R -.1(va)-.15 G(nt issues).1 E F1 .584(The canonical form you use should\
almost certainly be as speci\214ed in the Internet proto-)142 208.8 R 2.603
(cols RFC819 and RFC822.)117 220.8 R 2.603(Copies of these RFC')7.603 F 5.104
(sa)-.55 G 2.604(re included on the)347.846 220.8 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(sendmail)5.104 E F1 2.604(tape as)5.104 F F2(doc/rfc819.lpr)117 232.8 Q F1
(and)2.5 E F2(doc/rfc822.lpr)2.5 E F1(.)A 2.04
(RFC822 describes the format of the mail message itself.)142 249 R F2(Sendmail)
7.04 E F1(follo)4.54 E 2.04(ws this RFC)-.25 F(closely)117 261 Q 2.983(,t)-.65
G 2.983(ot)152.943 261 S .483(he e)163.706 261 R .483(xtent that man)-.15 F
2.983(yo)-.15 G 2.983(ft)251.438 261 S .483
(he standards described in this document can not be changed)260.531 261 R
(without changing the code.)117 273 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G(he follo)
286.85 273 Q(wing characters ha)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
(pecial interpretations:).15 E 2.5(<>\(\)"\\)157 289.2 S(An)117 305.4 Q 3.037
(ya)-.15 G .537(ttempt to use these characters for other than their RFC822 pur\
pose in addresses is proba-)141.547 305.4 R(bly doomed to disaster)117 317.4 Q
(RFC819 describes the speci\214cs of the domain-based addressing.)142 333.6 R
1.327(This is touched on in)6.327 F 1.44(RFC822 as well.)117 345.6 R 1.44
(Essentially each host is gi)6.44 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.939(nan).15 G 1.439
(ame which is a right-to-left dot quali\214ed)333.716 345.6 R .232
(pseudo-path from a distinguished root.)117 357.6 R .232
(The elements of the path need not be ph)5.232 F .232(ysical hosts; the)-.05 F
2.366(domain is logical rather than ph)117 369.6 R 4.866(ysical. F)-.05 F 2.366
(or e)-.15 F 2.366(xample, at Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E 4.866(yo)-.15 G 2.365
(ne le)406.41 369.6 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 4.865(lh).05 G 2.365(ost might be)449.82
369.6 R(\231a.CC.Berk)117 381.6 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .365
(EDU\232; reading from right to left, \231EDU\232 is a top le).65 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.866(ld).15 G .366(omain comprising edu-)410.498 381.6 R .562
(cational institutions, \231Berk)117 393.6 R(ele)-.1 E .562
(y\232 is a logical domain name, \231CC\232 represents the Computer Cen-)-.15 F
(ter)117 405.6 Q 2.5(,\()-.4 G(in this case a strictly logical entity\), and \
\231a\232 is a host in the Computer Center)135.48 405.6 Q(.)-.55 E(Be)142 421.8
(re when reading RFC819 that there are a number of errors in it.).1 E F0 2.5
(5.2.4. Ho)102 445.8 R 2.5(wt)-.1 G 2.5(op)155.23 445.8 S -.18(ro)168.29 445.8
S(ceed).18 E F1 .334(Once you ha)142 462 R .634 -.15(ve d)-.2 H .334
(ecided on a philosoph).15 F 1.635 -.65(y, i)-.05 H 2.835(ti).65 G 2.835(sw)
319.435 462 S .335(orth e)333.28 462 R .335(xamining the a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G
.335(ilable con\214guration).25 F .175(tables to decide if an)117 474 R 2.674
(yo)-.15 G 2.674(ft)212.984 474 S .174
(hem are close enough to steal major parts of.)221.768 474 R(Ev)5.174 E .174
(en under the w)-.15 F .174(orst of)-.1 F(conditions, there is a f)117 486 Q
(air amount of boiler plate that can be collected safely)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .329
(The ne)142 502.2 R .329(xt step is to b)-.15 F .329(uild ruleset three.)-.2 F
.33(This will be the hardest part of the job)5.329 F 5.33(.B)-.4 G -2.1 -.25
(ew a)469.32 502.2 T .33(re of).25 F .781
(doing too much to the address in this ruleset, since an)117 514.2 R .781
(ything you do will re\215ect through to the)-.15 F 2.743(message. In)117 526.2
R(particular)2.743 E 2.743(,s)-.4 G .243
(tripping of local domains is best deferred, since this can lea)216.749 526.2 R
.544 -.15(ve y)-.2 H .244(ou with).15 F 1.235
(addresses with no domain spec at all.)117 538.2 R(Since)6.235 E F2(sendmail)
3.735 E F1(lik)3.735 E 1.234(es to append the sending domain to)-.1 F .83
(addresses with no domain, this can change the semantics of addresses.)117
550.2 R .83(Also try to a)5.83 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .83(id fully).2 F .343
(qualifying domains in this ruleset.)117 562.2 R .342(Although technically le)
5.342 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .342(l, this can lead to unpleasantly and).05 F 1.287
(unnecessarily long addresses re\215ected into messages.)117 574.2 R 1.287
(The Berk)6.287 F(ele)-.1 E 3.787(yc)-.15 G 1.287
(on\214guration \214les de\214ne)406.426 574.2 R .093
(ruleset nine to qualify domain names and strip local domains.)117 586.2 R .093
(This is called from ruleset zero to)5.093 F
(get all addresses into a cleaner form.)117 598.2 Q .317(Once you ha)142 614.4
R .618 -.15(ve r)-.2 H .318
(uleset three \214nished, the other rulesets should be relati).15 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G .318(ly tri).15 F 2.818(vial. If)-.25 F(you)2.818 E(need hints, e)117
626.4 Q(xamine the supplied con\214guration tables.)-.15 E F0 2.5(5.2.5. T)102
650.4 R(esting the r)-.92 E(ewriting rules \212 the \255bt \215ag)-.18 E F1
1.076(When you b)142 666.6 R 1.075(uild a con\214guration table, you can do a \
certain amount of testing using the)-.2 F(\231test mode\232 of)117 678.6 Q F2
(sendmail)2.5 E F1 5(.F)C(or e)226.84 678.6 Q(xample, you could in)-.15 E -.2
(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F2(sendmail)2.6 E F1(as:)2.5 E
(sendmail \255bt \255Ctest.cf)157 694.8 Q .903(which w)117 711 R .903
(ould read the con\214guration \214le \231test.cf\232 and enter test mode.)-.1
F .904(In this mode, you enter)5.904 F(lines of the form:)117 723 Q EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-45)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(rwset address)157 96 Q(where)117
112.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(rwset)3.377 E F1 .877(is the re)3.377 F .877
(writing set you w)-.25 F .876(ant to use and)-.1 F F2(addr)3.376 E(ess)-.37 E
F1 .876(is an address to apply the set to.)3.376 F -.7(Te)117 124.2 S .169
(st mode sho).7 F .169(ws you the steps it tak)-.25 F .169
(es as it proceeds, \214nally sho)-.1 F .17(wing you the address it ends up)
-.25 F 3.635(with. Y)117 136.2 R 1.135(ou may use a comma separated list of rw\
sets for sequential application of rules to an)-1.1 F 2.5(input. F)117 148.2 R
(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E(3,1,21,4 monet:bollard)157 164.4 Q .385
(\214rst applies ruleset three to the input \231monet:bollard.)117 180.6 R
5.385<9a52>-.7 G .386(uleset one is then applied to the output)347.14 180.6 R
(of ruleset three, follo)117 192.6 Q
(wed similarly by rulesets twenty-one and four)-.25 E(.)-.55 E .202(If you nee\
d more detail, you can also use the \231\255d21\232 \215ag to turn on more deb)
142 208.8 R 2.701(ugging. F)-.2 F(or)-.15 E -.15(ex)117 220.8 S(ample,).15 E
(sendmail \255bt \255d21.99)157 237 Q .753
(turns on an incredible amount of information; a single w)117 253.2 R .754
(ord address is probably going to print)-.1 F(out se)117 265.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ral pages w).15 E(orth of information.)-.1 E -1.1(Yo)142 281.4 S 3.235(us)1.1
G .735(hould be w)165.245 281.4 R .735(arned that internally)-.1 F(,)-.65 E F2
(sendmail)3.234 E F1 .734(applies ruleset 3 to all addresses.)3.234 F .734
(In this)5.734 F -.15(ve)117 293.4 S 1.23(rsion of).15 F F2(sendmail)3.73 E F1
3.73(,y)C 1.23(ou will ha)209.42 293.4 R 1.53 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 3.73(od).15 G
3.73(ot)281.21 293.4 S 1.23(hat manually)292.72 293.4 R 6.23(.F)-.65 G 1.23
(or e)359.38 293.4 R 1.23(xample, older v)-.15 F 1.23(ersions allo)-.15 F(wed)
-.25 E(you to use)117 305.4 Q 2.5(0b)157 321.6 S(ruce@broadcast.son)169.5 321.6
Q -.65(y.)-.15 G(com).65 E(This v)117 337.8 Q(ersion requires that you use:)
-.15 E(3,0 bruce@broadcast.son)157 354 Q -.65(y.)-.15 G(com).65 E F0 2.5
(5.2.6. Building)102 382.2 R(mailer descriptions)2.5 E F1 1.887 -.8(To a)142
398.4 T .287(dd an outgoing mailer to your mail system, you will ha).8 F .586
-.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.786(od).15 G .286(e\214ne the characteristics)409.568 398.4 R
(of the mailer)117 410.4 Q(.)-.55 E 1.48(Each mailer must ha)142 426.6 R 1.78
-.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.981(ni).15 G 1.481(nternal name.)257.641 426.6 R 1.481
(This can be arbitrary)6.481 F 3.981(,e)-.65 G 1.481(xcept that the names)
417.627 426.6 R(\231local\232 and \231prog\232 must be de\214ned.)117 438.6 Q
.128(The pathname of the mailer must be gi)142 454.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.628(ni)
.15 G 2.628(nt)317.044 454.8 S .128(he P \214eld.)327.452 454.8 R .127
(If this mailer should be accessed)5.127 F
(via an IPC connection, use the string \231[IPC]\232 instead.)117 466.8 Q .021
(The F \214eld de\214nes the mailer \215ags.)142 483 R -1.1(Yo)5.021 G 2.521
(us)1.1 G .021(hould specify an \231f\232 or \231r\232 \215ag to pass the name)
311.058 483 R .466(of the sender as a)117 495 R F0<ad66>2.966 E F1(or)2.965 E
F0<ad72>2.965 E F1 .465(\215ag respecti)2.965 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.465
(.T)-.65 G .465(hese \215ags are only passed if the)306.955 495 R 2.965(yw)-.15
G .465(ere passed to)451.42 495 R F2(sendmail)117 507 Q F1 4.205(,s)C 4.205(ot)
163.705 507 S 1.705(hat mailers that gi)175.69 507 R 2.005 -.15(ve e)-.25 H
1.705(rrors under some circumstances can be placated.).15 F 1.705(If the)6.705
F 1.363(mailer is not pick)117 519 R 3.863(yy)-.15 G 1.362
(ou can just specify \231\255f $g\232 in the ar)204.522 519 R 1.362
(gv template.)-.18 F 1.362(If the mailer must be)6.362 F 1.707(called as)117
531 R F0 -.18(ro)4.207 G(ot).18 E F1 1.707(the \231S\232 \215ag should be gi)
4.207 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.707
(n; this will not reset the userid before calling the).15 F(mailer)117 545 Q/F3
7/Times-Roman@0 SF(15)142.55 541 Q F1 5.112(.I)149.55 545 S 2.612(ft)160.492
545 S .112(his mailer is local \(i.e., will perform \214nal deli)169.214 545 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G .112(ry rather than another netw).15 F .112(ork hop\))-.1 F .727
(the \231l\232 \215ag should be gi)117 557 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.227(n. Quote).15
F .728(characters \(backslashes and " marks\) can be stripped from)3.227 F .269
(addresses if the \231s\232 \215ag is speci\214ed; if this is not gi)117 569 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.768(nt).15 G(he)344.254 569 Q 2.768(ya)-.15 G .268
(re passed through.)365.752 569 R .268(If the mailer is)5.268 F .67(capable of\
sending to more than one user on the same host in a single transaction the \
\231m\232 \215ag)117 581 R 1.177(should be stated.)117 593 R 1.177
(If this \215ag is on, then the ar)6.177 F 1.176(gv template containing)-.18 F
F0($u)3.676 E F1 1.176(will be repeated for)3.676 F .088
(each unique user on a gi)117 605 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.589(nh).15 G 2.589
(ost. The)235.991 605 R .089
(\231e\232 \215ag will mark the mailer as being \231e)2.589 F(xpensi)-.15 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G 1.489 -.7(,\232 w).15 H(hich).7 E(will cause)117 619 Q F2
(sendmail)2.5 E F1(to defer connection until a queue run)2.5 E F3(16)345.57 615
Q F1(.)352.57 619 Q 2.037(An unusual case is the \231C\232 \215ag.)142 635.2 R
2.037(This \215ag applies to the mailer that the message is)7.037 F(recei)117
647.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.653(df).15 G .153(rom, rather than the mailer being s\
ent to; if set, the domain spec of the sender \(i.e., the)156.453 647.2 R 1.52
(\231@host.domain\232 part\) is sa)117 659.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 4.02(da).15 G
1.519(nd is appended to an)252.75 659.2 R 4.019(ya)-.15 G 1.519
(ddresses in the message that do not)354.346 659.2 R .32 LW 76 668.8 72 668.8
DL 80 668.8 76 668.8 DL 84 668.8 80 668.8 DL 88 668.8 84 668.8 DL 92 668.8 88
668.8 DL 96 668.8 92 668.8 DL 100 668.8 96 668.8 DL 104 668.8 100 668.8 DL 108
668.8 104 668.8 DL 112 668.8 108 668.8 DL 116 668.8 112 668.8 DL 120 668.8 116
668.8 DL 124 668.8 120 668.8 DL 128 668.8 124 668.8 DL 132 668.8 128 668.8 DL
136 668.8 132 668.8 DL 140 668.8 136 668.8 DL 144 668.8 140 668.8 DL 148 668.8
144 668.8 DL 152 668.8 148 668.8 DL 156 668.8 152 668.8 DL 160 668.8 156 668.8
DL 164 668.8 160 668.8 DL 168 668.8 164 668.8 DL 172 668.8 168 668.8 DL 176
668.8 172 668.8 DL 180 668.8 176 668.8 DL 184 668.8 180 668.8 DL 188 668.8 184
668.8 DL 192 668.8 188 668.8 DL 196 668.8 192 668.8 DL 200 668.8 196 668.8 DL
204 668.8 200 668.8 DL 208 668.8 204 668.8 DL 212 668.8 208 668.8 DL 216 668.8
212 668.8 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(15)93.6 679.2 Q/F5 8/Times-Italic@0 SF
(Sendmail)3.2 I/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
(must be running setuid to root for this to w)2 E(ork.)-.08 E F4(16)93.6 692.8
Q F6(The \231c\232 con\214guration option must be gi)3.2 I -.12(ve)-.2 G 2(nf)
.12 G(or this to be ef)242.04 696 Q(fecti)-.2 E -.12(ve)-.2 G(.).12 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-46 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(already contain a domain spec.)117 96 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G
(xample, a message of the form:)266.11 96 Q(From: eric@v)157 112.2 Q
(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E -.8(To)157 124.2 S
2.5(:w).8 G(nj@monet.CS.Berk)179.81 124.2 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU, mckusick).65 E(will be modi\214ed to:)117 140.4 Q(From: eric@v)157 156.6
Q(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E -.8(To)157 168.6 S
2.5(:w).8 G(nj@monet.CS.Berk)179.81 168.6 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU, mckusick@v).65 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E
/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF 9.364(if and only if)117 184.8 R F1 9.365
(the \231C\232 \215ag is de\214ned in the mailer corresponding to)207.796 184.8
R(\231eric@v)117 196.8 Q(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU.)
.65 E<9a>-.7 E(Other \215ags are described in Appendix C.)142 213 Q .538
(The S and R \214elds in the mailer description are per)142 229.2 R .538
(-mailer re)-.2 F .538(writing sets to be applied to)-.25 F 2.252
(sender and recipient addresses respecti)117 241.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
7.252(.T)-.65 G 2.253(hese are applied after the sending domain is)312.99 241.2
R .547(appended and the general re)117 253.2 R .547
(writing sets \(numbers one and tw)-.25 F .546(o\) are applied, b)-.1 F .546
(ut before the out-)-.2 F .457(put re)117 265.2 R .457
(write \(ruleset four\) is applied.)-.25 F 2.957(At)5.457 G .458
(ypical use is to append the current domain to addresses)279.639 265.2 R
(that do not already ha)117 277.2 Q .3 -.15(ve a d)-.2 H 2.5(omain. F).15 F
(or e)-.15 E(xample, a header of the form:)-.15 E(From: eric)157 293.4 Q
(might be changed to be:)117 309.6 Q(From: eric@v)157 325.8 Q(angogh.CS.Berk)
-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(or)117 342 Q(From: ucb)157 358.2 Q
-.25(va)-.15 G(x!eric).25 E .186
(depending on the domain it is being shipped into.)117 374.4 R .186
(These sets can also be used to do special pur)5.186 F(-)-.2 E(pose output re)
117 386.4 Q(writing in cooperation with ruleset four)-.25 E(.)-.55 E .025
(The S and R \214elds can be speci\214ed as tw)142 402.6 R 2.526(on)-.1 G .026
(umbers separated by a slash \(e.g., \231S=10/11\232\),)318.244 402.6 R 2.916
(meaning that all en)117 414.6 R -.15(ve)-.4 G 2.915
(lope addresses will be processed through ruleset 10 and all header).15 F .402
(addresses will be processed through ruleset 11.)117 426.6 R -.4(Wi)5.402 G
.403(th only one number speci\214ed, both en).4 F -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope).15 E
(and header re)117 438.6 Q(writing sets are set to the indicated ruleset.)-.25
E .228(The E \214eld de\214nes the string to use as an end-of-line indication.)
142 454.8 R 2.728(As)5.228 G .228(tring containing only)419.654 454.8 R(ne)117
466.8 Q(wline is the def)-.25 E 2.5(ault. The)-.1 F
(usual backslash escapes \(\\r)2.5 E 2.5(,\\)-.4 G(n, \\f, \\b\) may be used.)
342.87 466.8 Q(Finally)142 483 Q 2.648(,a)-.65 G 2.648(na)179.278 483 S -.18
(rg)191.366 483 S 2.648(vt).18 G .149(emplate is gi)209.944 483 R -.15(ve)-.25
G 2.649(na).15 G 2.649(st)282.481 483 S .149(he E \214eld.)291.8 483 R .149
(It may ha)5.149 F .449 -.15(ve e)-.2 H .149(mbedded spaces.).15 F .149
(If there is)5.149 F .204(no ar)117 495 R .204(gv with a)-.18 F F0($u)2.704 E
F1 .204(macro in it,)2.704 F F2(sendmail)2.704 E F1 .204
(will speak SMTP to the mailer)2.704 F 5.203(.I)-.55 G 2.703(ft)412.648 495 S
.203(he pathname for this)421.461 495 R(mailer is \231[IPC],)117 507 Q 2.5
<9a74>-.7 G(he ar)192.4 507 Q(gv should be)-.18 E(IPC $h [)157 523.2 Q F2(port)
2.5 E F1(])2.5 E(where)117 539.4 Q F2(port)2.5 E F1
(is the optional port number to connect to.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)142 555.6 S 2.5(re)
.15 G(xample, the speci\214cations:)162.53 555.6 Q(Mlocal, P=/bin/mail, F=rlsm)
157 571.8 Q(S=10, R=20, A=mail \255d $u)5 E(Mether)157 583.8 Q 2.35(,P)-.4 G
13.9(=[IPC], F=meC,)195.89 583.8 R(S=11, R=21, A=IPC $h, M=100000)1.39 E 1.643
(speci\214es a mailer to do local deli)117 600 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.644
(ry and a mailer for ethernet deli).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E 6.644(.T)-.65
G 1.644(he \214rst is called)436.018 600 R(\231local,)117 612 Q 2.649<9a69>-.7
G 2.649(sl)152.549 612 S .149(ocated in the \214le \231/bin/mail,)161.868 612 R
2.649<9a74>-.7 G(ak)283.573 612 Q .149(es a pick)-.1 F(y)-.15 E F0<ad72>2.649 E
F1 .148(\215ag, does local deli)2.649 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E 2.648(,q)-.65 G
.148(uotes should)453.572 612 R 1.016
(be stripped from addresses, and multiple users can be deli)117 624 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G 1.017(red at once; ruleset ten should be).15 F 1.417(applied to sender \
addresses in the message and ruleset twenty should be applied to recipient)117
636 R .122(addresses; the ar)117 648 R .123
(gv to send to a message will be the w)-.18 F .123(ord \231mail,)-.1 F 2.623
<9a74>-.7 G .123(he w)383.125 648 R .123(ord \231\255d,)-.1 F 2.623<9a61>-.7 G
.123(nd w)446.644 648 R .123(ords con-)-.1 F 1.484
(taining the name of the recei)117 660 R 1.484(ving user)-.25 F 6.484(.I)-.55 G
3.984(fa)288.498 660 S F0<ad72>A F1 1.484
(\215ag is inserted it will be between the w)3.984 F(ords)-.1 E .288
(\231mail\232 and \231\255d.)117 672 R 5.288<9a54>-.7 G .289
(he second mailer is called \231ether)196.394 672 R 1.689 -.7(,\232 i)-.4 H
2.789(ts).7 G .289(hould be connected to via an IPC con-)348.947 672 R .932(ne\
ction, it can handle multiple users at once, connections should be deferred, a\
nd an)117 684 R 3.432(yd)-.15 G(omain)479 684 Q 1.458
(from the sender address should be appended to an)117 696 R 3.958(yr)-.15 G
(ecei)340.2 696 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.958(rn).15 G 1.458
(ame without a domain; sender)377.628 696 R .74
(addresses should be processed by ruleset ele)117 708 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.24(na)
.15 G .74(nd recipient addresses by ruleset twenty-one.)320.34 708 R
(There is a 100,000 byte limit on messages passed through this mailer)117 720 Q
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-47)452.9 60 Q 2.5(5.3. The)87 96 R(User Database)2.5 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF .108(If you ha)127 112.2 R .408 -.15(ve a ve)-.2 H .109
(rsion of).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.609 E F1 .109
(with the user database package compiled in, the handling of)2.609 F
(sender and recipient addresses is modi\214ed.)102 124.2 Q
(The location of this database is controlled with the)127 140.4 Q F0(U)2.5 E F1
(option.)2.5 E F0 2.5(5.3.1. Structur)102 164.4 R 2.5(eo)-.18 G 2.5(ft)177.92
164.4 S(he user database)187.08 164.4 Q F1(The database is a sorted \(BT)142
180.6 Q(ree-based\) structure.)-.35 E(User records are stored with the k)5 E
-.15(ey)-.1 G(:).15 E F2(user)157 196.8 Q(-name)-.2 E F0(:)A F2(\214eld-name)A
(The sorted database format ensures that user records are clustered together)
117 213 R 5.128(.M)-.55 G .128(eta-information is)432.492 213 R(al)117 225 Q
-.1(wa)-.1 G(ys stored with a leading colon.).1 E
(Field names de\214ne both the syntax and semantics of the v)142 241.2 Q 2.5
(alue. De\214ned)-.25 F(\214elds include:)2.5 E 33.39(maildrop The)117 257.4 R
(deli)4.872 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.372(ry address for this user).15 F 7.372(.T)-.55
G 2.373(here may be multiple v)349.472 257.4 R 2.373(alues of this)-.25 F 2.675
(record. In)189 269.4 R(particular)2.675 E 2.675(,m)-.4 G .175
(ailing lists will ha)284.095 269.4 R .475 -.15(ve o)-.2 H(ne).15 E F2(maildr)
2.675 E(op)-.45 E F1 .175(record for each user)2.675 F(on the list.)189 281.4 Q
30.06(mailname The)117 297.6 R 1.026(outgoing mailname for this user)3.526 F
6.026(.F)-.55 G 1.027(or each outgoing name, there should)353.336 297.6 R .08
(be an appropriate)189 309.6 R F2(maildr)2.58 E(op)-.45 E F1 .08
(record for that name to allo)2.58 F 2.58(wr)-.25 G .08(eturn mail.)422.38
309.6 R .08(See also)5.08 F F2(:default:mailname)189 321.6 Q F1(.)A 25.62
(mailsender Changes)117 337.8 R(an)3.447 E 3.447(ym)-.15 G .947
(ail sent to this address to ha)252.404 337.8 R 1.248 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .948
(he indicated en).15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .948(lope sender).15 F(.)-.55 E .498(This\
is intended for mailing lists, and will normally be the name of an appro-)189
349.8 R .754(priate -request address.)189 361.8 R .754(It is v)5.754 F .755
(ery similar to the o)-.15 F(wner)-.25 E(-)-.2 E F2(list)A F1 .755
(syntax in the alias)3.255 F(\214le.)189 373.8 Q 33.95(fullname The)117 390 R
(full name of the user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(of)117 406.2 Q 13.66(\214ce-address The)
-.25 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce address for this user)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(of)117 422.4 Q
19.21(\214ce-phone The)-.25 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce phone number for this user)-.25 E
(.)-.55 E(of)117 438.6 Q(\214ce-f)-.25 E 30.98(ax The)-.1 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce F)
-.25 E(AX number for this user)-.74 E(.)-.55 E 13.96(home-address The)117 454.8
R(home address for this user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 19.51(home-phone The)117 471 R
(home phone number for this user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(home-f)117 487.2 Q 31.28
(ax The)-.1 F(home F)2.5 E(AX number for this user)-.74 E(.)-.55 E 41.73
(project A)117 503.4 R .856
(\(short\) description of the project this person is af)3.356 F .855
(\214liated with.)-.25 F .855(In the Uni-)5.855 F -.15(ve)189 515.4 S
(rsity this is often just the name of their graduate advisor).15 E(.)-.55 E
(pointer to a \214le from which plan information can be g)2.5 E(athered.)-.05 E
.924(As of this writing, only a fe)142 547.8 R 3.424(wo)-.25 G 3.424(ft)273.208
547.8 S .925(hese \214elds are actually being used by)282.742 547.8 R F2
(sendmail)3.425 E F1(:)A F2(mail-)3.425 E(dr)117 559.8 Q(op)-.45 E F1(and)2.5 E
F2(mailname)2.5 E F1 5(.A)C F2(\214ng)211.54 559.8 Q(er)-.1 E F1
(program that uses the other \214elds is planned.)2.5 E F0 2.5(5.3.2. User)102
583.8 R(database semantics)2.5 E F1 .996(When the re)142 600 R .995
(writing rules submit an address to the local mailer)-.25 F 3.495(,t)-.4 G .995
(he user name is passed)408.93 600 R .78(through the alias \214le.)117 612 R
(If no alias is found \(or if the alias points back to the same address\), the)
5.78 F 1.778(name \(with \231:maildrop\232 appended\) is then used as a k)117
624 R 2.077 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 4.277(nt).15 G 1.777(he user database.)375.985 624
R 1.777(If no match)6.777 F
(occurs \(or if the maildrop points at the same address\), forw)117 636 Q
(arding is tried.)-.1 E .55(If the \214rst tok)142 652.2 R .551(en of the user\
name returned by ruleset 0 is an \231@\232 sign, the user database)-.1 F .626
(lookup is skipped.)117 664.2 R .625
(The intent is that the user database will act as a set of def)5.626 F .625
(aults for a cluster)-.1 F 1.533(\(in our case, the Computer Science Di)117
676.2 R 1.533(vision\); mail sent to a speci\214c machine should ignore)-.25 F
(these def)117 688.2 Q(aults.)-.1 E .351
(When mail is sent, the name of the sending user is look)142 704.4 R .351
(ed up in the database.)-.1 F .351(If that user)5.351 F .04
(has a \231mailname\232 record, the v)117 716.4 R .041
(alue of that record is used as their outgoing name.)-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.041 G
2.541(re).15 G .041(xample, I)466.189 716.4 R EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-48 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(might ha)117 96
Q .3 -.15(ve a r)-.2 H(ecord:).15 E 25.94(eric:mailname Eric.Allman@CS.Berk)157
112.2 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(This w)117 128.4 Q
(ould cause my outgoing mail to be sent as Eric.Allman.)-.1 E .757
(If a \231maildrop\232 is found for the user)142 144.6 R 3.257(,b)-.4 G .757
(ut no corresponding \231maildrop\232 record e)301.588 144.6 R .757(xists, the)
-.15 F 1.127(record \231:def)117 156.6 R 1.127(ault:mailname\232 is consulted.)
-.1 F 1.127(If present, this is the name of a host to o)6.127 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
1.128(rride the).15 F .625(local host.)117 168.6 R -.15(Fo)5.625 G 3.125(re).15
G .625(xample, in our case we w)185.515 168.6 R .625
(ould set it to \231CS.Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 3.125(EDU\232. The)
.65 F(ef)3.125 E .625(fect is that)-.25 F(an)117 180.6 Q .881(yone kno)-.15 F
.882(wn in the database gets their outgoing mail stamped as \231user@CS.Berk)
-.25 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232,).65 E -.2(bu)117 192.6 S 2.5(tp).2 G
(eople not listed in the database use the local hostname.)137.08 192.6 Q F0 2.5
(5.3.3. Cr)102 218.6 R(eating the database)-.18 E/F2 7/Times-Bold@0 SF(17)223.2
214.6 Q F1 .375(The user database is b)142 234.8 R .375(uilt from a te)-.2 F
.375(xt \214le using the)-.15 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mak)2.875 E(emap)-.1 E
F1 .375(utility \(in the distrib)2.875 F .375(ution in)-.2 F 1.039(the mak)117
246.8 R 1.039(emap subdirectory\).)-.1 F 1.039(The te)6.039 F 1.038
(xt \214le is a series of lines corresponding to userdb records;)-.15 F 1.588
(each line has a k)117 258.8 R 1.889 -.15(ey a)-.1 H 1.589(nd a v).15 F 1.589
(alue separated by white space.)-.25 F 1.589(The k)6.589 F 1.889 -.15(ey i)-.1
H 4.089(sa).15 G -.1(lwa)421.943 258.8 S 1.589(ys in the format).1 F
(described abo)117 270.8 Q .3 -.15(ve \212 f)-.15 H(or e).15 E(xample:)-.15 E
(eric:maildrop)157 287 Q .448
(This \214le is normally installed in a system directory; for e)117 303.2 R
.447(xample, it might be called)-.15 F F3(/etc/user)2.947 E(db)-.37 E F1(.)A
1.6 -.8(To m)117 315.2 T(ak).8 E 2.5(et)-.1 G(he database v)156.65 315.2 Q
(ersion of the map, run the program:)-.15 E(mak)157 331.4 Q
(emap btree /etc/userdb)-.1 E(.db < /etc/userdb)-.4 E .077
(Then create a con\214g \214le that uses this.)117 347.6 R -.15(Fo)5.077 G
2.577(re).15 G .077(xample, using the V8 M4 con\214guration, include the)
296.531 347.6 R(follo)117 359.6 Q(wing line in your .mc \214le:)-.25 E
(de\214ne\(\222confUSERDB_SPEC\264, /etc/userdb)157 375.8 Q(.db\))-.4 E F0 2.5
(6. O)72 404 R(THER CONFIGURA)-.4 E(TION)-.95 E F1 .907
(There are some con\214guration changes that can be made by recompiling)112
420.2 R F3(sendmail)3.407 E F1 5.907(.T)C .906(his section)460.594 420.2 R
(describes what changes can be made and what has to be modi\214ed to mak)87
432.2 Q 2.5(et)-.1 G(hem.)387.95 432.2 Q F0 2.5(6.1. P)87 456.2 R
(arameters in sr)-.1 E(c/Mak)-.18 E(e\214le)-.1 E F1 .92
(These parameters are intended to describe the compilation en)127 472.4 R .92
(vironment, not site polic)-.4 F 2.22 -.65(y, a)-.15 H(nd).65 E
(should normally be de\214ned in src/Mak)102 484.4 Q(e\214le.)-.1 E 39.5
(NDBM If)102 500.6 R .665(set, the ne)3.165 F 3.165(wv)-.25 G .664
(ersion of the DBM library that allo)240.41 500.6 R .664
(ws multiple databases will be)-.25 F 2.542(used. If)174 512.6 R .042
(neither NDBM nor NEWDB are set, a much less ef)2.542 F .043
(\214cient method of alias)-.25 F(lookup is used.)174 524.6 Q 32.84(NEWDB If)
102 540.8 R .142(set, use the ne)2.642 F 2.642(wd)-.25 G .142
(atabase package from Berk)254.44 540.8 R(ele)-.1 E 2.641(y\()-.15 G .141
(from 4.4BSD\).)385.817 540.8 R .141(This package)5.141 F .266
(is substantially f)174 552.8 R .267(aster than DBM or NDBM.)-.1 F .267
(If NEWDB and NDBM are both set,)5.267 F F3(sendmail)174 564.8 Q F1
(will read DBM \214les, b)2.5 E(ut will create and use NEWDB \214les.)-.2 E
53.39(NIS Include)102 581 R .12(support for NIS.)2.62 F .119
(If set together with)5.119 F F3(both)2.619 E F1 .119(NEWDB and NDBM,)2.619 F
F3(sendmail)2.619 E F1 1.076
(will create both DBM and NEWDB \214les if and only if the \214le /v)174 593 R
(ar/yp/Mak)-.25 E(e\214le)-.1 E -.15(ex)174 605 S .293(ists and is readable.)
.15 F .293(This is intended for compatibility with Sun Microsystems')5.293 F F3
(mkalias)174 617 Q F1(program used on YP masters.)2.5 E 25.05(SYSTEM5 Set)102
633.2 R(all of the compilation parameters appropriate for System V)2.5 E(.)
-1.29 E 36.72(LOCKF Use)102 649.4 R .299(System V)2.799 F F0(lockf)2.799 E F1
.299(instead of Berk)2.799 F(ele)-.1 E(y)-.15 E F0(\215ock)2.799 E F1 5.299(.D)
C .3(ue to the highly unusual seman-)375.012 649.4 R 1.572
(tics of locks across forks in)174 661.4 R F0(lockf)4.072 E F1 4.072(,t)C 1.571
(his should ne)325.544 661.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.071(rb).15 G 4.071(eu)402.907
661.4 S 1.571(sed unless absolutely)416.418 661.4 R .32 LW 76 671 72 671 DL 80
671 76 671 DL 84 671 80 671 DL 88 671 84 671 DL 92 671 88 671 DL 96 671 92 671
DL 100 671 96 671 DL 104 671 100 671 DL 108 671 104 671 DL 112 671 108 671 DL
116 671 112 671 DL 120 671 116 671 DL 124 671 120 671 DL 128 671 124 671 DL 132
671 128 671 DL 136 671 132 671 DL 140 671 136 671 DL 144 671 140 671 DL 148 671
144 671 DL 152 671 148 671 DL 156 671 152 671 DL 160 671 156 671 DL 164 671 160
671 DL 168 671 164 671 DL 172 671 168 671 DL 176 671 172 671 DL 180 671 176 671
DL 184 671 180 671 DL 188 671 184 671 DL 192 671 188 671 DL 196 671 192 671 DL
200 671 196 671 DL 204 671 200 671 DL 208 671 204 671 DL 212 671 208 671 DL 216
671 212 671 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(17)93.6 681.4 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .289
(These instructions are kno)3.2 J .289(wn to be incomplete.)-.2 F 2.289(Af)
4.289 G .289(uture v)266.464 684.6 R .289
(ersion of the user database is planned including things such as \214n-)-.12 F
(ger service \212 and good documentation.)72 694.2 Q EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-49)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(necessary)174 96 Q 5(.S)-.65 G
(et by def)225.28 96 Q(ault if SYSTEM5 is set.)-.1 E 33.94(SYS5TZ Use)102 112.2
R(System V time zone semantics.)2.5 E(HASINITGR)102 128.4 Q(OUPS)-.4 E .812
(Set this if your system has the)174 140.4 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(initgr)
3.312 E(oups\(\))-.45 E F1 .812(call \(if you ha)3.312 F 1.112 -.15(ve m)-.2 H
.813(ultiple group sup-).15 F 2.5(port\). This)174 152.4 R(is the def)2.5 E
(ault if SYSTEM5 is)-.1 E F2(not)2.5 E F1(de\214ned or if you are on HPUX.)2.5
E(HASUN)102 168.6 Q 13.19(AME Set)-.35 F .89(this if you ha)3.39 F 1.19 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2(uname)3.39 E F1 .89
(\(2\) system call \(or corresponding library routine\).)B(Set by def)174 180.6
Q(ault if SYSTEM5 is set.)-.1 E(HASST)102 196.8 Q -1.11(AT)-.93 G 15.42(FS Set)
1.11 F .202(this if you ha)2.701 F .502 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2(statfs)
2.702 E F1 .202(\(2\) system call.)B .202(This will allo)5.202 F 2.702(wy)-.25
G .202(ou to gi)425.822 196.8 R .502 -.15(ve a t)-.25 H(empo-).15 E .108
(rary f)174 208.8 R .108(ailure message to incoming SMTP email when you are lo)
-.1 F 2.608(wo)-.25 G 2.608(nd)441.188 208.8 S .107(isk space.)453.796 208.8 R
(It)5.107 E(is set by def)174 220.8 Q(ault on 4.4BSD and OSF/1 systems.)-.1 E
(HASUST)102 237 Q 21.54 -1.11(AT S)-.93 H .593(et if you ha)1.11 F .894 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2(ustat)3.094 E F1 .594(\(2\) system call.)B .594
(This is an alternati)5.594 F .894 -.15(ve i)-.25 H .594(mplementation of).15 F
.525(disk space control.)174 249 R -1.1(Yo)5.525 G 3.025(us)1.1 G .525
(hould only set one of HASST)278.32 249 R -1.11(AT)-.93 G .525(FS or HASUST)
1.11 F -.83 -1.11(AT ;)-.93 H(the)4.135 E(\214rst is preferred.)174 261 Q(_P)
102 277.2 Q -1.11(AT)-.92 G(H_SENDMAILCF)1.11 E
(The pathname of the sendmail.cf \214le.)174 289.2 Q(_P)102 305.4 Q -1.11(AT)
-.92 G(H_SENDMAILPID)1.11 E(The pathname of the sendmail.pid \214le.)174 317.4
Q 26.17(LA_TYPE The)102 333.6 R(load a)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage type.).15 E
(Details are described belo)5 E -.65(w.)-.25 G 1.146(The are four b)102 349.8 R
1.146(uilt-in w)-.2 F 1.146(ays of computing the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G
(rage.).15 E F2(Sendmail)6.147 E F1 1.147(tries to auto-con\214gure them)3.647
F .267(based on imperfect guesses; you can select one using the)102 361.8 R F2
(cc)2.766 E F1(option)2.766 E F0(\255DLA_TYPE=)2.766 E F2(type)A F1 2.766(,w)C
(here)467.364 361.8 Q F2(type)2.766 E F1(is:)102 373.8 Q 34.51(LA_INT The)102
390 R -.1(ke)2.978 G .478(rnel stores the load a).1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .479
(rage in the k).15 F .479(ernel as an array of long inte)-.1 F 2.979(gers. The)
-.15 F(actual v)174 402 Q(alues are scaled by a f)-.25 E(actor FSCALE \(def)-.1
E(ault 256\).)-.1 E(LA_SHOR)102 418.2 Q 21.49(TT)-.6 G .331(he k)180.11 418.2 R
.331(ernel stores the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .331(rage in the k).15 F .33
(ernel as an array of short inte)-.1 F 2.83(gers. The)-.15 F(actual v)174 430.2
Q(alues are scaled by a f)-.25 E(actor FSCALE \(def)-.1 E(ault 256\).)-.1 E
(LA_FLO)102 446.4 Q 22.63 -1.11(AT T)-.35 H 1.117(he k)1.11 F 1.117
(ernel stores the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.117(rage in the k).15 F 1.117
(ernel as an array of double precision)-.1 F(\215oats.)174 458.4 Q 25.05
(LA_SUBR Call)102 474.6 R(the)2.5 E F2 -.1(ge)2.5 G(tloadavg).1 E F1
(routine to get the load a)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage as an array of doubles.).15
E(LA_ZER)102 490.8 Q 27.96(OA)-.4 G -.1(lwa)181.22 490.8 S
(ys return zero as the load a).1 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(rage. This).15 F(is the f)
2.5 E(allback case.)-.1 E .494(If type)102 507 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(LA_INT)
2.994 E F1(,)A F3(LA_SHOR)2.994 E(T)-.54 E F1 2.994(,o)C(r)224.806 507 Q F3
(LA_FLO)2.993 E -.999(AT)-.315 G F1 .493
(is speci\214ed, you may also need to specify)3.992 F F3(_P)2.993 E -.999(AT)
-.828 G(H_UNIX).999 E F1 .948(\(the path to your system binary\) and)102 519 R
F3(LA_A)3.448 E(VENR)-1.215 E(UN)-.36 E F1 .949(\(the name of the v)3.448 F
.949(ariable containing the load)-.25 F -2.25 -.2(av e)102 531 T(rage in the k)
.2 E(ernel; usually \231_a)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(nrun\232 or \231a).15 E -.15(ve)
-.2 G(nrun\232\).).15 E 1.44(There are also se)127 547.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.439
(ral compilation \215ags to indicate the en).15 F 1.439
(vironment such as \231_AIX3\232 and)-.4 F 2.5(\231_SCO_unix_\232. See)102
559.2 R(the READ_ME \214le for the latest scoop on these \215ags.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(6.2. P)87 583.2 R(arameters in sr)-.1 E(c/conf)-.18 E(.h)-.15 E F1 -.15(Pa)127
599.4 S .895(rameters and compilation options are de\214ned in conf.h.).15 F
.896(Most of these need not normally)5.895 F .193(be tweak)102 611.4 R .192
(ed; common parameters are all in sendmail.cf.)-.1 F(Ho)5.192 E(we)-.25 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G .992 -.4(r, t).15 H .192(he sizes of certain primiti).4 F .492 -.15
(ve ve)-.25 H(c-).15 E(tors, etc., are included in this \214le.)102 623.4 Q
(The numbers follo)5 E(wing the parameters are their def)-.25 E(ault v)-.1 E
(alue.)-.25 E 1.909(MAXLINE [1024])102 639.6 R 1.909
(The maximum line length of an)190.309 639.6 R 4.409(yi)-.15 G 1.909
(nput line.)338.273 639.6 R 1.91(If message lines e)6.909 F 1.91(xceed this)
-.15 F .575(length the)188.4 651.6 R 3.075(yw)-.15 G .575
(ill still be processed correctly; ho)243.84 651.6 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.375 -.4(r, h).15 H .575(eader lines, con\214gura-).4 F
(tion \214le lines, alias lines, etc., must \214t within this limit.)188.4
663.6 Q(MAXN)102 679.8 Q(AME [256])-.35 E(The maximum length of an)9.82 E 2.5
(yn)-.15 G(ame, such as a host or a user name.)309.63 679.8 Q .23(MAXPV [40])
102 696 R .231(The maximum number of parameters to an)188.63 696 R 2.731(ym)
-.15 G(ailer)376.455 696 Q 5.231(.T)-.55 G .231(his limits the number of)
407.516 696 R .376(recipients that may be passed in one transaction.)188.4 708
R .375(It can be set to an)5.376 F 2.875(ya)-.15 G(rbitrary)474.01 708 Q .875
(number abo)188.4 720 R 1.175 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .876(bout 10, since).15 F F2
(sendmail)3.376 E F1 .876(will break up a deli)3.376 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .876
(ry into smaller).15 F EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-50 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .887
(batches as needed.)188.4 96 R 3.387(Ah)5.887 G .887
(igher number may reduce load on your system, ho)285.808 96 R(w-)-.25 E -2.15
-.25(ev e)188.4 108 T -.55(r.).25 G(MAXA)102 124.2 Q -.18(TO)-1.11 G 2.558(M[)
.18 G 8.26(100] The)159.368 124.2 R .058(maximum number of atoms \(tok)2.558 F
.059(ens\) in a single address.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.059 G 2.559(re).15 G .059
(xample, the)457.281 124.2 R(address \231eric@CS.Berk)188.4 136.2 Q(ele)-.1 E
-.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232 is se).65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(na).15 G(toms.)367.93
136.2 Q .113(MAXMAILERS [25])102 152.4 R .112(The maximum number of mailers th\
at may be de\214ned in the con\214guration \214le.).02 F(MAXR)102 168.6 Q
(WSETS [100])-.55 E(The maximum number of re).01 E
(writing sets that may be de\214ned.)-.25 E(MAXPRIORITIES [25])102 184.8 Q
2.481(The maximum number of v)188.4 196.8 R 2.482
(alues for the \231Precedence:\232 \214eld that may be)-.25 F
(de\214ned \(using the)188.4 208.8 Q F0(P)2.5 E F1(line in sendmail.cf\).)2.5 E
(MAXUSERENVIR)102 225 Q(ON [40])-.4 E .399
(The maximum number of items in the user en)188.4 237 R .399
(vironment that will be passed to)-.4 F(subordinate mailers.)188.4 249 Q -.1
(QU)102 265.2 S(EUESIZE [1000]).1 E
(The maximum number of entries that will be processed in a single queue run.)
2.35 E(MAXMXHOSTS [20])102 281.4 Q
(The maximum number of MX records we will accept for an)188.4 293.4 Q 2.5(ys)
-.15 G(ingle host.)439.03 293.4 Q 2.85(An)102 309.6 S .35
(umber of other compilation options e)117.07 309.6 R 2.851(xist. These)-.15 F
.351(specify whether or not speci\214c code should be)2.851 F(compiled in.)102
321.6 Q(DEB)102 337.8 Q 49.56(UG If)-.1 F 1.227(set, deb)3.727 F 1.227
(ugging information is compiled in.)-.2 F 2.826 -.8(To a)6.226 H 1.226
(ctually get the deb).8 F(ugging)-.2 E .4(output, the)188.4 349.8 R F0<ad64>2.9
E F1 .4(\215ag must be used.)2.9 F F0 .4(WE STR)5.4 F(ONGL)-.3 E 2.9(YR)-.92 G
.4(ECOMMEND THA)412.05 349.8 R(T)-.95 E .97(THIS BE LEFT ON.)188.4 361.8 R F1
.97(Some people, belie)5.97 F .97(ving that it w)-.25 F .97
(as a security hole \(it)-.1 F -.1(wa)188.4 373.8 S(s, once\) ha).1 E .3 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H(urned it of).15 E 2.5(fa)-.25 G(nd thus crippled deb)309.05 373.8 Q
(uggers.)-.2 E 41.69(NETINET If)102 390 R .829
(set, support for Internet protocol netw)3.329 F .829(orking is compiled in.)
-.1 F(Pre)5.829 E .83(vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E .178(sions of)188.4 402
R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.678 E F1 .178(referred to this as)2.678 F
/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -.36(DA)2.678 G(EMON).36 E F1 2.677(;t)C .177
(his old usage is no)381.715 402 R 2.677(wi)-.25 G(ncorrect.)468.74 402 Q 48.35
(NETISO If)102 418.2 R .142(set, support for ISO protocol netw)2.642 F .143
(orking is compiled in \(it may be appropri-)-.1 F
(ate to #de\214ne this in the Mak)188.4 430.2 Q(e\214le instead of conf.h\).)
-.1 E 63.35(LOG If)102 446.4 R .5(set, the)3 F F2(syslo)3 E(g)-.1 E F1 .5
(routine in use at some sites is used.)3 F .5(This mak)5.5 F .5(es an informa-)
-.1 F .504(tional log record for each message processed, and mak)188.4 458.4 R
.504(es a higher priority log)-.1 F(record for internal system errors.)188.4
470.4 Q(MA)102 486.6 Q 16.12(TCHGECOS Compile)-1.11 F 3.555
(in the code to do `)6.055 F 3.555(`fuzzy matching')-.74 F 6.055('o)-.74 G
6.055(nt)404.22 486.6 S 3.555(he GECOS \214eld in)418.055 486.6 R 2.5
(/etc/passwd. This)188.4 498.6 R(also requires that option G be turned on.)2.5
E -.35(NA)102 514.8 S 18.15(MED_BIND Compile).35 F .412
(in code to use the Berk)2.912 F(ele)-.1 E 2.913(yI)-.15 G .413
(nternet Name Domain \(BIND\) serv)342.405 514.8 R .413(er to)-.15 F(resolv)
188.4 526.8 Q 2.5(eT)-.15 G(CP/IP host names.)225.74 526.8 Q(NO)102 543 Q 38.76
(you are using a non-UNIX mail format, you can set this \215ag to turn of)2.748
F 2.747(fs)-.25 G(pe-)491.23 543 Q
(cial processing of UNIX-style \231From \232 lines.)188.4 555 Q -.1(QU)102
571.2 S 50.12(EUE This).1 F 1.559
(\215ag should be set to compile in the queueing code.)4.059 F 1.56
(If this is not set,)6.56 F
(mailers must accept the mail immediately or it will be returned to the sender)
188.4 583.2 Q(.)-.55 E(SETPR)102 599.4 Q 12.63(OCTITLE If)-.4 F(de\214ned,)
3.881 E F2(sendmail)3.881 E F1 1.381(will change its)3.881 F F2(ar)3.881 E(gv)
-.37 E F1 1.381(array to indicate its current status.)3.881 F .206
(This can be used in conjunction with the)188.4 611.4 R F2(ps)2.707 E F1 .207
(command to \214nd out just what it')2.707 F(s)-.55 E(up to.)188.4 623.4 Q
57.78(SMTP If)102 639.6 R .756(set, the code to handle user and serv)3.256 F
.756(er SMTP will be compiled in.)-.15 F .756(This is)5.756 F 2.507
(only necessary if your machine has some mailer that speaks SMTP \(this)188.4
651.6 R(means most machines e)188.4 663.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rywhere\).).15 E
(UGL)102 679.8 Q 30.46(YUUCP If)-1 F 1.024(you ha)3.524 F 1.324 -.15(ve a U)-.2
H 1.023(UCP host adjacent to you which is not running a reasonable).15 F -.15
(ve)188.4 691.8 S .112(rsion of).15 F F2(rmail)2.612 E F1 2.612(,y)C .112
(ou will ha)263.026 691.8 R .412 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.612(os).15 G .112
(et this \215ag to include the \231remote from sys-)329.234 691.8 R .032
(name\232 info on the from line.)188.4 703.8 R .031
(Otherwise, UUCP gets confused about where the)5.032 F(mail came from.)188.4
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-51)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 44.45(USERDB Include)102 96 R(the)
3.448 E F0(experimental)3.448 E F1(Berk)3.449 E(ele)-.1 E 3.449(yu)-.15 G .949
(ser information database package.)341.354 96 R(This)5.949 E .27(adds a ne)
188.4 108 R 2.77(wl)-.25 G -2.15 -.25(ev e)238.67 108 T 2.77(lo).25 G 2.77(fl)
262.7 108 S .27(ocal name e)271.58 108 R .27
(xpansion between aliasing and forw)-.15 F 2.77(arding. It)-.1 F
(also uses the NEWDB package.)188.4 120 Q(This may change in future releases.)5
E(IDENTPR)102 136.2 Q -1.88 -.4(OT O)-.4 H .375
(Compile in the IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413.)188.4 136.2 R .376
(This def)5.376 F .376(aults on for)-.1 F 1.053(all systems e)188.4 148.2 R
1.053(xcept Ultrix, which apparently has the interesting \231feature\232 that)
-.15 F .83(when it recei)188.4 160.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.33(sa\231).15 G .83
(host unreachable\232 message it closes all open connections)270.18 160.2 R
1.922(to that host.)188.4 172.2 R 1.922(Since some \214re)6.922 F -.1(wa)-.25 G
1.922(ll g).1 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G 1.921
(ys send this error code when you).1 F 2.055
(access an unauthorized port \(such as 113, used by IDENT\), Ultrix cannot)
188.4 184.2 R(recei)188.4 196.2 Q .3 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(mail from such hosts.).15
E F0 2.5(6.3. Con\214guration)87 220.2 R(in sr)2.5 E(c/conf)-.18 E(.c)-.15 E F1
(The follo)127 236.4 Q(wing changes can be made in conf.c.)-.25 E F0 2.5
(6.3.1. Built-in)102 260.4 R(Header Semantics)2.5 E F1 1.248
(Not all header semantics are de\214ned in the con\214guration \214le.)142
276.6 R 1.247(Header lines that should)6.247 F .305(only be included by certai\
n mailers \(as well as other more obscure semantics\) must be speci\214ed)117
288.6 R .047(in the)117 300.6 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(HdrInfo)2.547 E F1 .047
(table in)2.547 F F2(conf)2.547 E(.c)-.15 E F1 5.047(.T)C .046
(his table contains the header name \(which should be in all lo)246.842 300.6 R
(wer)-.25 E(case\) and a set of header control \215ags \(described belo)117
312.6 Q(w\), The \215ags are:)-.25 E(H_A)117 328.8 Q 30.97(CHECK Normally)-.4 F
.007(when the check is made to see if a header line is compatible with)2.507 F
2.941(am)203.4 340.8 S(ailer)218.561 340.8 Q(,)-.4 E F2(sendmail)2.941 E F1
.441(will not delete an e)2.941 F .441(xisting line.)-.15 F .44
(If this \215ag is set,)5.441 F F2(send-)2.94 E(mail)203.4 352.8 Q F1 .152
(will delete e)2.652 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.652(ne).15 G .152
(xisting header lines.)293.998 352.8 R .152
(That is, if this bit is set and the)5.152 F 1.425(mailer does not ha)203.4
364.8 R 1.725 -.15(ve \215)-.2 H 1.425
(ag bits set that intersect with the required mailer).15 F 2.204
(\215ags in the header de\214nition in sendmail.cf, the header line is)203.4
376.8 R F2(always)4.704 E F1(deleted.)203.4 388.8 Q 51.13(H_EOH If)117 405 R
.206(this header \214eld is set, treat it lik)2.706 F 2.706(eab)-.1 G .206
(lank line, i.e., it will signal the end)363.95 405 R(of the header and the be)
203.4 417 Q(ginning of the message te)-.15 E(xt.)-.15 E 39.45(H_FORCE Add)117
433.2 R 2.038(this header entry e)4.538 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.538(ni).15 G 4.538
(fo)326.22 433.2 S 2.038(ne e)339.088 433.2 R 2.039
(xisted in the message before.)-.15 F 2.039(If a)7.039 F 2.189
(header entry does not ha)203.4 445.2 R 2.488 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.188
(his bit set,).15 F F2(sendmail)4.688 E F1 2.188(will not add another)4.688 F
.62(header line if a header line of this name already e)203.4 457.2 R 3.12
(xisted. This)-.15 F -.1(wo)3.12 G .62(uld nor).1 F(-)-.2 E
(mally be used to stamp the message by e)203.4 469.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ryone who handled it.).15 E(H_TRA)117 485.4 Q 39.3(CE If)-.4 F 1.044
(set, this is a timestamp \(trace\) \214eld.)3.544 F 1.043
(If the number of trace \214elds in a)6.043 F .705(message e)203.4 497.4 R .705
(xceeds a preset amount the message is returned on the assump-)-.15 F
(tion that it has an aliasing loop.)203.4 509.4 Q 46.67(H_RCPT If)117 525.6 R
.332(set, this \214eld contains recipient addresses.)2.833 F .332
(This is used by the)5.332 F F0<ad74>2.832 E F1 .332(\215ag to)2.832 F 1.349
(determine who to send to when it is collecting recipients from the mes-)203.4
537.6 R(sage.)203.4 549.6 Q(H_FR)117 565.8 Q 43.74(OM This)-.4 F 1.673
(\215ag indicates that this \214eld speci\214es a sender)4.174 F 6.673(.T)-.55
G 1.673(he order of these)432.061 565.8 R .898(\214elds in the)203.4 577.8 R F2
(HdrInfo)3.398 E F1 .898(table speci\214es)3.398 F F2(sendmail)3.398 E F1 1.998
-.55('s p)D .898(reference for which \214eld).55 F
(to return error messages to.)203.4 589.8 Q(Let')117 606 Q 2.5(sl)-.55 G
(ook at a sample)142.28 606 Q F2(HdrInfo)2.5 E F1(speci\214cation:)2.5 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-52 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(struct hdrinfo)
157 96 Q(HdrInfo[] =)258.19 96 Q({)157 108 Q
(/* originator \214elds, most to least signi\214cant)189.5 120 Q(*/)5 E 14.72
("resent-sender", H_FR)177 132 R(OM,)-.4 E 21.38("resent-from", H_FR)177 144 R
(OM,)-.4 E 41.93("sender", H_FR)177 156 R(OM,)-.4 E 48.59("from", H_FR)177 168
R(OM,)-.4 E 29.15("full-name", H_A)177 180 R(CHECK,)-.4 E
(/* destination \214elds */)189.5 192 Q 60.25("to", H_RCPT)177 204 R(,)-.74 E
33.04("resent-to", H_RCPT)177 216 R(,)-.74 E 59.15("cc", H_RCPT)177 228 R(,)
-.74 E(/* message identi\214cation and control */)189.5 240 Q 34.15
("message", H_EOH,)177 252 R("te)177 264 Q 53.18(xt", H_EOH,)-.15 F
(/* trace \214elds */)189.5 276 Q("recei)177 288 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 34.56
(d", H_TRA).15 F(CE|H_FORCE,)-.4 E 49.53(NULL, 0,)177 312 R(};)157 324 Q 2.435
(This structure indicates that the \231T)117 340.2 R 2.435
(o:\232, \231Resent-T)-.8 F 2.435
(o:\232, and \231Cc:\232 \214elds all specify recipient)-.8 F 3.161
(addresses. An)117 352.2 R 3.161<7999>-.15 G .662(Full-Name:\232 \214eld will \
be deleted unless the required mailer \215ag \(indicated in)188.152 352.2 R
.246(the con\214guration \214le\) is speci\214ed.)117 364.2 R .245
(The \231Message:\232 and \231T)5.246 F -.15(ex)-.7 G .245
(t:\232 \214elds will terminate the header;).15 F 1.936
(these are used by random dissenters around the netw)117 376.2 R 1.936(ork w)
-.1 F 4.436(orld. The)-.1 F(\231Recei)4.436 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.937
(d:\232 \214eld will).15 F(al)117 388.2 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
(ys be added, and can be used to trace messages.).1 E .446
(There are a number of important points here.)142 404.4 R .445
(First, header \214elds are not added automati-)5.446 F .656
(cally just because the)117 416.4 R 3.156(ya)-.15 G .656(re in the)216.674
416.4 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(HdrInfo)3.157 E F1 .657(structure; the)3.157 F
3.157(ym)-.15 G .657(ust be speci\214ed in the con\214guration)358.225 416.4 R
.728(\214le in order to be added to the message.)117 428.4 R(An)5.727 E 3.227
(yh)-.15 G .727(eader \214elds mentioned in the con\214guration \214le)312.988
428.4 R -.2(bu)117 440.4 S 3.24(tn).2 G .74(ot mentioned in the)137.82 440.4 R
F2(HdrInfo)3.24 E F1 .74(structure ha)3.24 F 1.04 -.15(ve d)-.2 H(ef).15 E .74
(ault processing performed; that is, the)-.1 F 3.24(ya)-.15 G(re)496.23 440.4 Q
1.375(added unless the)117 452.4 R 3.875(yw)-.15 G 1.375
(ere in the message already)201.795 452.4 R 6.375(.S)-.65 G 1.374(econd, the)
326.6 452.4 R F2(HdrInfo)3.874 E F1 1.374(structure only speci\214es)3.874 F
(cliched processing; certain headers are processed specially by ad hoc code re)
117 464.4 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .325(rdless of the sta-).05 F .481
(tus speci\214ed in)117 476.4 R F2(HdrInfo)2.981 E F1 5.481(.F)C .481(or e)
(xample, the \231Sender:\232 and \231From:\232 \214elds are al)-.15 F -.1(wa)
-.1 G .48(ys scanned on).1 F(ARP)117 490.4 Q .751
(ANET mail to determine the sender)-.92 F/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(18)282.315
486.4 Q F1 3.251(;t)289.315 490.4 S .75
(his is used to perform the \231return to sender\232 func-)298.126 490.4 R
2.976(tion. The)117 502.4 R .476(\231From:\232 and \231Full-Name:\232 \214elds\
are used to determine the full name of the sender if)2.976 F
(possible; this is stored in the macro)117 514.4 Q F0($x)2.5 E F1
(and used in a number of w)2.5 E(ays.)-.1 E F0 2.5(6.3.2. Restricting)102 538.4
R(Use of Email)2.5 E F1 .15
(If it is necessary to restrict mail through a relay)142 554.6 R 2.649(,t)-.65
G(he)339.755 554.6 Q F2 -.15(ch)2.649 G(ec).15 E(kcompat)-.2 E F1 .149
(routine can be modi\214ed.)2.649 F .163(This routine is called for e)117 566.6
R -.15(ve)-.25 G .163(ry recipient address.).15 F .163(It returns an e)5.163 F
.163(xit status indicating the status of)-.15 F .895(the message.)117 578.6 R
.895(The status)5.895 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(EX_OK)3.395 E F1 .895
(accepts the address,)3.395 F F4(EX_TEMPF)3.395 E(AIL)-.666 E F1 .895
(queues the message for a)3.395 F .263(later try)117 590.6 R 2.763(,a)-.65 G
.263(nd other v)157.696 590.6 R .264(alues \(commonly)-.25 F F4(EX_UN)2.764 E
-1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE)1.215 E F1 2.764(\)r)C .264(eject the message.)
358.372 590.6 R .264(It is up to)5.264 F F2 -.15(ch)2.764 G(ec).15 E(k-)-.2 E
(compat)117 602.6 Q F1 .43(to print an error message \(using)2.93 F F2(usr)
2.929 E(err)-.37 E F1 2.929(\)i)C 2.929(ft)315.037 602.6 S .429
(he message is rejected.)324.076 602.6 R -.15(Fo)5.429 G 2.929(re).15 G
(xample,)443.391 602.6 Q F2 -.15(ch)2.929 G(ec).15 E(k-)-.2 E(compat)117 614.6
Q F1(could read:)2.5 E .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84
669.2 80 669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2
DL 100 669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112
669.2 108 669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120
669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL
140 669.2 136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152 669.2
148 669.2 DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2
DL 168 669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180
669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188
669.2 DL 196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL
208 669.2 204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F5 5
/Times-Roman@0 SF(18)93.6 679.6 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(Actually)3.2 I 2.631
(his is no longer true in SMTP; this information is contained in the en)132.487
682.8 R -.12(ve)-.32 G 2.632(lope. The).12 F .632(older ARP)2.632 F .632
(ANET protocols did)-.736 F(not completely distinguish en)72 692.4 Q -.12(ve)
-.32 G(lope from header).12 E(.)-.44 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-53)452.9 60 Q/F1 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(int)157 94.8 Q
(checkcompat\(to, e\))157 105.6 Q(re)175 116.4 Q(gister ADDRESS *to;)-.135 E
(re)175 127.2 Q(gister ENVELOPE *e;)-.135 E({)157 138 Q(re)175 148.8 Q
(gister ST)-.135 E(AB *s;)-.837 E 2.25(s=s)175 170.4 S(tab\("pri)191.578 170.4
Q -.225(va)-.225 G(te", ST_MAILER, ST_FIND\);).225 E
(if \(s != NULL && e\255>e_from.q_mailer != LocalMailer &&)175 181.2 Q
(to->q_mailer == s->s_mailer\))184 192 Q({)175 202.8 Q(usrerr\("No pri)193
213.6 Q -.225(va)-.225 G(te net mail allo).225 E(wed through this machine"\);)
-.225 E(return \(EX_UN)193 224.4 Q -1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE\);)1.215 E(})175
235.2 Q(if \(MsgSize > 50000 && to\255>q_mailer != LocalMailer\))175 246 Q({)
175 256.8 Q(usrerr\("Message too lar)193 267.6 Q(ge for non-local deli)-.162 E
-.135(ve)-.225 G(ry"\);).135 E(NoReturn = TR)193 278.4 Q(UE;)-.36 E
(return \(EX_UN)193 289.2 Q -1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE\);)1.215 E(})175 300 Q
(return \(EX_OK\);)175 310.8 Q(})157 321.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .205
(ould reject messages greater than 50000 bytes unless the)-.1 F 2.705(yw)-.15 G
.205(ere local.)387.09 337.8 R(The)5.205 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(NoReturn)
2.705 E F2(\215ag)2.705 E 1.196(can be sent to suppress the return of the actu\
al body of the message in the error return.)117 349.8 R(The)6.196 E(actual use\
of this routine is highly dependent on the implementation, and use should be \
limited.)117 361.8 Q F0 2.5(6.3.3. Load)102 385.8 R -.6 -1(Av e)2.5 H
(rage Computation)1 E F2 .18(The routine)142 402 R F3 -.1(ge)2.68 G(tla).1 E F2
.18(should return an approximation of the current system load a)2.68 F -.15(ve)
-.2 G .18(rage as an).15 F(inte)117 414 Q(ger)-.15 E 5(.T)-.55 G
(here are four v)157.68 414 Q
(ersions included on compilation \215ags as described abo)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G
(.).15 E F0 2.5(6.3.4. New)102 438 R(Database Map Classes)2.5 E F2(Ne)142 454.2
Q 2.876(wk)-.25 G .676 -.15(ey m)168.406 454.2 T .375(aps can be added by crea\
ting a class initialization function and a lookup func-).15 F 2.5(tion. These)
117 466.2 R(are then added to the routine)2.5 E F3(setupmaps.)2.5 E F2
(The initialization function is called as)142 482.4 Q F3(xxx)157 498.6 Q F2
(_map_init\(MAP *map, char *mapname, char *ar)A(gs\))-.18 E(The)117 514.8 Q F3
(map)2.554 E F2 .054(is an internal data structure.)2.554 F(The)5.054 E F3
(mapname)2.554 E F2 .055(is the name of the map \(used for error mes-)2.554 F
2.82(sages\). The)117 526.8 R F3(ar)2.82 E(gs)-.37 E F2 .319(is a pointer to t\
he rest of the con\214guration \214le line; \215ags and \214lenames can be)2.82
F -.15(ex)117 538.8 S .674(tracted from this line.).15 F .675
(The initialization function must return)5.674 F F1(TR)3.175 E(UE)-.36 E F2
.675(if it successfully opened)3.175 F(the map,)117 550.8 Q F1 -.666(FA)2.5 G
(LSE).666 E F2(otherwise.)2.5 E(The lookup function is called as)142 567 Q F3
(xxx)157 583.2 Q F2(_map_lookup\(MAP *map, char b)A(uf[], int b)-.2 E
(ufsize, char **a)-.2 E 1.3 -.65(v, i)-.2 H(nt *statp\)).65 E(The)117 599.4 Q
F3(map)3.476 E F2 .976(de\214nes the map internally)3.476 F 5.975(.T)-.65 G
.975(he parameters)277.185 599.4 R F3 -.2(bu)3.475 G(f).2 E F2(and)3.475 E F3
-.2(bu)3.475 G(fsize).2 E F2(ha)3.475 E 1.275 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .975(he input k)
.15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.975(.T)-.5 G(his)492.33 599.4 Q .042
(may be \(and often is\) used destructi)117 611.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
5.043(.T)-.65 G(he)289.827 611.4 Q F3(av)2.543 E F2 .043(is a list of ar)2.543
F .043(guments passed in from the re)-.18 F(write)-.25 E 3.655(line. The)117
623.4 R 1.155(lookup function should return a pointer to the ne)3.655 F 3.654
(wv)-.25 G 3.654(alue. IF)378.34 623.4 R 1.154(the map lookup f)3.654 F(ails,)
-.1 E F3(*statp)117 635.4 Q F2 1.271(should be set to an e)3.771 F 1.272
(xit status code; in particular)-.15 F 3.772(,i)-.4 G 3.772(ts)357.646 635.4 S
1.272(hould be set to)368.088 635.4 R F1(EX_TEMPF)3.772 E(AIL)-.666 E F2(if)
3.772 E(reco)117 647.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ry is to be attempted by the higher le)
.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lc).15 G(ode.)308.76 647.4 Q F0 2.5(6.3.5. Queueing)
102 671.4 R(Function)2.5 E F2 .783(The routine)142 687.6 R F3(shouldqueue)3.283
E F2 .783(is called to decide if a message should be queued or processed)3.283
F(immediately)117 699.6 Q 6.618(.T)-.65 G 1.618
(ypically this compares the message priority to the current load a)180.778
699.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 4.119(rage. The).15 F(def)117 711.6 Q
(ault de\214nition is:)-.1 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-54 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(bool)157 96 Q
(shouldqueue\(pri, ctime\))157 108 Q(long pri;)175 120 Q(time_t ctime;)175 132
Q({)157 144 Q(if \(CurrentLA < QueueLA\))175 156 Q(return \(F)193 168 Q
(ALSE\);)-.74 E(if \(CurrentLA >= RefuseLA\))175 180 Q(return \(TR)193 192 Q
(UE\);)-.4 E(return \(pri > \(QueueF)175 204 Q
(actor / \(CurrentLA \255 QueueLA + 1\)\)\);)-.15 E(})157 216 Q 2.063
(If the current load a)117 232.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.062(rage \(global v).15 F
(ariable)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Curr)4.562 E(entLA)-.37 E F1 4.562(,w)C
2.062(hich is set before this function is)361.638 232.2 R 1.057
(called\) is less than the lo)117 244.2 R 3.558(wt)-.25 G 1.058
(hreshold load a)234.194 244.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.058(rage \(option).15 F F0(x)
3.558 E F1 3.558(,v)C(ariable)375.524 244.2 Q F2(QueueLA)3.558 E F1(\),)A F2
(shouldqueue)3.558 E F1(returns)117 256.2 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -.666(FA)
2.587 G(LSE).666 E F1 .086(immediately \(that is, it should)2.587 F F2(not)
2.586 E F1 2.586(queue\). If)2.586 F .086(the current load a)2.586 F -.15(ve)
-.2 G .086(rage e).15 F .086(xceeds the)-.15 F .587(high threshold load a)117
268.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .587(rage \(option).15 F F0(X)3.087 E F1 3.087(,v)C
(ariable)281.842 268.2 Q F2(RefuseLA)3.087 E F1(\),)A F2(shouldqueue)3.088 E F1
(returns)3.088 E F3(TR)3.088 E(UE)-.36 E F1(immedi-)3.088 E(ately)117 280.2 Q
(therwise, it computes the function based on the message priority)152.636 280.2
R 4.625(,t)-.65 G 2.125(he queue f)438.21 280.2 R(actor)-.1 E(\(option)117
292.2 Q F0(q)2.5 E F1 2.5(,g)C(lobal v)163.95 292.2 Q(ariable)-.25 E F2(QueueF)
2.5 E(actor)-.75 E F1(\), and the current and threshold load a)A -.15(ve)-.2 G
(rages.).15 E 1.066(An implementation wishing to tak)142 308.4 R 3.566(et)-.1 G
1.067(he actual age of the message into account can also)293.62 308.4 R 1.41
(use the)117 320.4 R F2(ctime)3.91 E F1(parameter)3.91 E 3.91(,w)-.4 G 1.41
(hich is the time that the message w)229.15 320.4 R 1.41
(as \214rst submitted to)-.1 F F2(sendmail)3.91 E F1(.)A .928(Note that the)117
332.4 R F2(pri)3.428 E F1 .928
(parameter is already weighted by the number of times the message has been)
3.428 F .395(tried \(although this tends to lo)117 344.4 R .395
(wer the priority of the message with time\); the e)-.25 F .395
(xpectation is that)-.15 F(the)117 356.4 Q F2(ctime)2.674 E F1 -.1(wo)2.674 G
.174(uld be used as an \231escape clause\232 to ensure that messages are e).1 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G .174(ntually processed.).15 F F0 2.5(6.3.6. Refusing)102 380.4 R
(Incoming SMTP Connections)2.5 E F1 1.149(The function)142 396.6 R F2 -.37(re)
3.648 G(fuseconnections).37 E F1(returns)3.648 E F3(TR)3.648 E(UE)-.36 E F1
1.148(if incoming SMTP connections should be)3.648 F 3.563(refused. The)117
408.6 R 1.063(current implementation is based e)3.563 F(xclusi)-.15 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 1.063(ly on the current load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.063(rage and the)
.15 F(refuse load a)117 420.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage option \(option).15 E F0(X)
2.5 E F1 2.5(,g)C(lobal v)273.56 420.6 Q(ariable)-.25 E F2(RefuseLA)2.5 E F1
(\):)A(bool)157 436.8 Q(refuseconnections\(\))157 448.8 Q({)157 460.8 Q
(return \(CurrentLA >= RefuseLA\);)175 472.8 Q(})157 484.8 Q 2.5(Am)117 501 S
(ore cle)134.5 501 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G
(mplementation could look at more system resources.)179.08 501 Q F0 2.5
(6.3.7. Load)102 525 R -.6 -1(Av e)2.5 H(rage Computation)1 E F1 .244
(The routine)142 541.2 R F2 -.1(ge)2.743 G(tla).1 E F1 .243
(returns the current load a)2.743 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .243
(rage \(as a rounded inte).15 F 2.743(ger\). The)-.15 F(distrib)2.743 E(ution)
-.2 E(includes se)117 553.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral possible implementations.).15
E F0 2.5(6.4. Con\214guration)87 577.2 R(in sr)2.5 E(c/daemon.c)-.18 E F1 .4
(The \214le)127 593.4 R F2(sr)2.9 E(c/daemon.c)-.37 E F1 .4
(contains a number of routines that are dependent on the local netw)2.9 F(ork-)
-.1 E(ing en)102 605.4 Q 2.5(vironment. The)-.4 F -.15(ve)2.5 G
(rsion supplied assumes you ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve B)-.2 H(SD style sock).15 E
(ets.)-.1 E 2.16(In pre)127 621.6 R 2.16
(vious releases, we recommended that you modify the routine)-.25 F F2
(maphostname)4.66 E F1 2.16(if you)4.66 F -.1(wa)102 633.6 S 1.918
(nted to generalize).1 F F0($[)4.418 E F1(...)4.418 E F0($])4.418 E F1 4.418
(lookups. W)4.418 F 4.418(en)-.8 G 2.418 -.25(ow r)293.904 633.6 T 1.918
(ecommend that you create a ne).25 F 4.419(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)463.631 633.6 S
1.919(ed map).15 F(instead.)102 645.6 Q F0 2.5(7. CHANGES)72 669.6 R
(IN VERSION 8)2.5 E F1 .173(The follo)112 685.8 R .173
(wing summarizes changes since the last commonly a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G .172
(ilable v).25 F .172(ersion of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)2.672 E F1(\(5.67\):)2.672 E
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-55)452.9 60 Q 2.5(7.1. Connection)87 96 R(Caching)2.5 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF .397(Instead of closing SMTP connections immediately)127
112.2 R 2.897(,t)-.65 G .398(hose connections are cached for possible)339.002
112.2 R .598(future use.)102 124.2 R .598(The adv)5.598 F .597
(ent of MX records made this ef)-.15 F(fecti)-.25 E .897 -.15(ve f)-.25 H .597
(or mailing lists; in addition, substantial).15 F(performance impro)102 136.2 Q
-.15(ve)-.15 G(ments can be e).15 E(xpected for queue processing.)-.15 E F0 2.5
(7.2. MX)87 160.2 R(Piggybacking)2.5 E F1 1.257(If tw)127 176.4 R 3.757(oh)-.1
G 1.257(osts with dif)161.074 176.4 R 1.257
(ferent names in a single message happen to ha)-.25 F 1.557 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
1.257(he same set of MX).15 F .94(hosts, the)102 188.4 R 3.44(yc)-.15 G .94
(an be sent in the same transaction.)153.45 188.4 R -1.11(Ve)5.94 G .94
(rsion 8 notices this and tries to batch the mes-)1.11 F(sages.)102 200.4 Q F0
2.5(7.3. RFC)87 224.4 R(1123 Compliance)2.5 E F1 3.462(An)127 240.6 S .962
(umber of changes ha)142.682 240.6 R 1.262 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .962
(een made to mak).15 F(e)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.462 E F1 .963
(\231conditionally compliant\232 \(that is,)3.463 F F2(sendmail)102 252.6 Q F1
.05(satis\214es all of the \231MUST\232 clauses and most b)2.55 F .049
(ut not all of the \231SHOULD\232 clauses in RFC)-.2 F(1123\).)102 264.6 Q
(The major areas of change are \(numbers are RFC 1123 section numbers\):)127
280.8 Q 15(5.2.7 Response)102 297 R(to RCPT command is f)2.5 E(ast.)-.1 E 15
(5.2.8 Numeric)102 313.2 R(IP addresses are logged in Recei)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25
G(d: lines.).15 E 10(5.2.17 Self)102 329.4 R
(domain literal is properly handled.)2.5 E 15(5.3.2 Better)102 345.6 R
(control o)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(ri).15 G(ndi)220.02 345.6 Q
(vidual timeouts.)-.25 E 15(5.3.3 Error)102 361.8 R
(messages are sent as \231From:<>\232.)2.5 E 15(5.3.3 Error)102 378 R
(messages are ne)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(ent to \231<>\232.)246.28
378 Q 15(5.3.3 Route-addrs)102 394.2 R(are pruned.)2.5 E(The areas in which)102
410.4 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(is not \231unconditionally compliant\232 are:)2.5
E(5.2.6)102 426.6 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 426.6 Q F1(does do header munging.)2.5 E
(5.2.10)102 442.8 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 442.8 Q F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(ta)-.18 G -.1
(lwa)215.42 442.8 S(ys use the e).1 E(xact SMTP message te)-.15 E
(xt as listed in RFC 821.)-.15 E(5.3.1.1)102 459 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 459 Q F1
(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(tg)-.18 G
(uarantee only one connect for each host in queue runs.)215.98 459 Q(5.3.1.1)
102 475.2 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 475.2 Q F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(ta)-.18 G -.1(lwa)
215.42 475.2 S(ys pro).1 E(vide adequate concurrenc)-.15 E 2.5(yl)-.15 G
(imits.)366.54 475.2 Q F0 2.5(7.4. Extended)87 499.2 R(SMTP Support)2.5 E F1
-1.11(Ve)127 515.4 S .154(rsion 8 includes both sending and recei)1.11 F .155
(ving support for Extended SMTP support as de\214ned)-.25 F(by RFC 1425 \(basi\
c\) and RFC 1427 \(SIZE\); and limited support for RFC 1426 \(BOD)102 527.4 Q
(Y\).)-.55 E F0 2.5(7.5. Eight-Bit)87 551.4 R(Clean)2.5 E F1(Pre)127 567.6 Q
1.264(vious v)-.25 F 1.264(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.764 E F1 1.264
(used the 0200 bit for quoting.)3.764 F 1.263(This v)6.263 F 1.263(ersion a)
-.15 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.263(ids that use.).2 F(Ho)102 579.6 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)
(or compatibility with RFC 822, you can set option `7' to get se).4 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.5(nb).15 G(it stripping.)418.86 579.6 Q(Indi)127 595.8 Q
(vidual mailers can still produce se)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nb).15 G
(it out put using the `7' mailer \215ag.)300.77 595.8 Q F0 2.5(7.6. User)87
619.8 R(Database)2.5 E F1 1.072(The user database is an as-yet e)127 636 R
1.072(xperimental attempt to pro)-.15 F 1.073(vide uni\214ed lar)-.15 F 1.073
(ge-site name sup-)-.18 F 2.5(port. W)102 648 R 2.5(ea)-.8 G
(re installing it at Berk)145.63 648 Q(ele)-.1 E(y; future v)-.15 E
(ersions may sho)-.15 E 2.5(ws)-.25 G(igni\214cant modi\214cations.)363.57 648
Q F0 2.5(7.7. Impr)87 672 R -.1(ove)-.18 G 2.5(dB).1 G(IND Support)158.01 672 Q
F1 .489(The BIND support, particularly for MX records, had a number of anno)127
688.2 R .489(ying \231features\232 which)-.1 F(ha)102 700.2 Q 1.212 -.15(ve b)
-.2 H .912(een remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.412(di).15 G 3.412(nt)187.116 700.2
S .912(his release.)198.308 700.2 R .912(In particular)5.912 F 3.412(,t)-.4 G
.912(hese more tightly bind \(pun intended\) the name)307.916 700.2 R(serv)102
712.2 Q(er to)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1 2.5(,s)C 2.5(ot)184.06 712.2 S
(hat the name serv)194.34 712.2 Q
(er resolution rules are incorporated directly into)-.15 E F0(sendmail)2.5 E F1
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-56 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(7.8. K)87 96 R(ey)-.25 E(ed Files)
-.1 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .366(Generalized k)127 112.2 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .366
(ed \214les is an idea tak).15 F .366(en directly from)-.1 F/F2 9/Times-Roman@0
SF(ID)2.865 E(A)-.36 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.865 E F1 .365
(\(albeit with a completely)2.865 F(dif)102 124.2 Q(ferent implementation\).)
-.25 E(The)5 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(an be useful on lar)239.63 124.2 Q(ge sites.)-.18
E -1.11(Ve)127 140.4 S(rsion 8 also understands YP)1.11 E(.)-1.11 E F0 2.5
(7.9. Multi-W)87 164.4 R(ord Classes)-.75 E F1(Classes can no)127 180.6 Q 2.5
(wb)-.25 G 2.5(em)200.35 180.6 S(ultiple w)215.07 180.6 Q 2.5(ords. F)-.1 F
(or e)-.15 E(xample,)-.15 E(CShofmann.CS.Berk)142 196.8 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
-.15 G(EDU).65 E(allo)102 213 Q 2.663
(ws you to match the entire string \231hofmann.CS.Berk)-.25 F(ele)-.1 E -.65
(y.)-.15 G 2.664(EDU\232 using the single construct).65 F(\231$=S\232.)102 225
Q F0 2.5(7.10. Deferr)87 249 R(ed Macr)-.18 E 2.5(oE)-.18 G(xpansion)189.94 249
Q F1(The)127 265.2 Q F0($&)2.5 E F3(x)A F1(construct has been adopted from)2.5
E F2(ID)2.5 E(A)-.36 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(7.11. IDENT)87 289.2 R(Pr)2.5 E
(otocol Support)-.18 E F1
(The IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413 is supported.)127 305.4 Q F0 2.5
(7.12. P)87 329.4 R(arsing Bug Fixes)-.1 E F1 4.03(An)127 345.6 S 1.53
(umber of small b)143.25 345.6 R 1.53(ugs ha)-.2 F 1.53
(ving to do with things lik)-.2 F 4.03(eb)-.1 G 1.53
(ackslash-escaped quotes inside of)364.72 345.6 R(comments ha)102 357.6 Q .3
-.15(ve b)-.2 H(een \214x).15 E(ed.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.13. Separate)87 381.6 R(En)
2.5 E -.1(ve)-.4 G(lope/Header Pr).1 E(ocessing)-.18 E F1 .854
(Since the From: line is passed in separately from the en)127 397.8 R -.15(ve)
-.4 G .854(lope sender).15 F 3.354(,t)-.4 G .854(hese ha)420.978 397.8 R 1.154
-.15(ve b)-.2 H .854(oth been).15 F .428(made visible; the)102 409.8 R F0($g)
2.928 E F1 .428(macro is set to the en)2.928 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .427
(lope sender during processing of mailer ar).15 F .427(gument v)-.18 F(ec-)-.15
E(tors and the header sender during processing of headers.)102 421.8 Q .084
(It is also possible to specify separate per)127 438 R .085(-mailer en)-.2 F
-.15(ve)-.4 G .085(lope and header processing.).15 F(The)5.085 E F0(S)2.585 E
F1(ender)A(-)-.2 E -.55(RW)102 450 S .513(Set and).55 F F0(R)3.013 E F1
(ecipientR)A .513(Wset ar)-.55 F .512
(guments for mailers can be speci\214ed as)-.18 F F3(en)3.012 E(velope/header)
-.4 E F1 .512(to gi)3.012 F .812 -.15(ve d)-.25 H(if-).15 E(ferent re)102 462 Q
(writings for en)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope v).15 E(ersus header addresses.)-.15
E F0 2.5(7.14. Owner)87 486 R(-List Pr)-.37 E(opagates to En)-.18 E -.1(ve)-.4
G(lope).1 E F1 1(When an alias has an associated o)127 502.2 R 1.001
(wner\255list name, that alias is used to change the en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G
(lope).15 E(sender address.)102 514.2 Q(This will cause do)5 E
(wnstream errors to be returned to that o)-.25 E(wner)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
(7.15. Dynamic)87 538.2 R(Header Allocation)2.5 E F1(The \214x)127 554.4 Q
(ed size limit on header lines has been eliminated.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.16. New)87
578.4 R(Command Line Flags)2.5 E F1(The)127 594.6 Q F0<ad42>2.5 E F1
(\215ag has been added to pass in body type information.)2.5 E(The)127 610.8 Q
F0<ad70>2.5 E F1(\215ag has been added to pass in protocol information.)2.5 E
(The)127 627 Q F0<ad58>2.6 E F1 .1(\215ag has been added to allo)2.6 F 2.6(wl)
-.25 G .1(ogging of all protocol in and out of)279.89 627 R F3(sendmail)2.6 E
F1 .1(for deb)2.6 F(ug-)-.2 E(ging.)102 639 Q F0 2.5(7.17. Enhanced)87 663 R
(Command Line Flags)2.5 E F1(The)127 679.2 Q F0<ad71>4.006 E F1 1.507(\215ag c\
an limit limit a queue run to speci\214c recipients, senders, or queue ids usi\
ng)4.006 F F0(\255qR)102 691.2 Q F3(substring)A F0 2.5<2cad>C(qS)168.41 691.2 Q
F3(substring)A F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5<72ad>226.76 691.2 S(qI)239.4 691.2 Q F3
(substring)A F0 -.18(re)2.5 G(specti).18 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ly).1 E(.)-.7 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-57)452.9 60 Q 2.5(7.18. New)87 96 R(and Old Con\214guration Line T)2.5
E(ypes)-.74 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)127 112.2 Q F0(T)2.767 E F1(\(T)2.767
E .267(rusted users\) con\214guration line has been deleted.)-.35 F .267
(It will still be accepted b)5.267 F .266(ut will be)-.2 F(ignored.)102 124.2 Q
(The)127 140.4 Q F0(K)2.5 E F1(line has been added to declare database maps.)
2.5 E(The)127 156.6 Q F0(V)2.5 E F1
(line has been added to declare the con\214guration v)2.5 E(ersion le)-.15 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E(The)127 172.8 Q F0(M)2.796 E F1 .297(line has a \231D=\
\232 \214eld that lets you change into a temporary directory while that mailer)
2.796 F(is running.)102 184.8 Q F0 2.5(7.19. New)87 208.8 R(Options)2.5 E F1
(Se)127 225 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .9(ral ne).15 F 3.4(wo)-.25 G .9(ptions ha)184.8
225 R 1.2 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .9(een added, man).15 F 3.4(yt)-.15 G 3.4(os)314.89
225 S .9(upport ne)327.18 225 R 3.4(wf)-.25 G .9(eatures, others to allo)379.83
225 R 3.4(wt)-.25 G(uning)481.22 225 Q 1.186(that w)102 237 R 1.186(as pre)-.1
F 1.186(viously a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.186(ilable only by recompiling.).25 F
(The)6.186 E 3.686(ya)-.15 G 1.187(re described in detail in Section 5.1.5.)
345.508 237 R(Brie\215y)102 249 Q(,)-.65 E 31(bI)102 265.2 S
(nsist on a minimum number of disk blocks.)141.33 265.2 Q 29.33(CS)102 281.4 S
(et checkpoint interv)143.56 281.4 Q(al.)-.25 E 29.89(ED)102 297.6 S(ef)145.22
297.6 Q(ault error message.)-.1 E 28.78(GE)102 313.8 S(nable GECOS matching.)
144.11 313.8 Q 31(hM)102 330 S(aximum hop count.)146.89 330 Q 33.22(jS)102
346.2 S(end errors in MIME-encapsulated format.)143.56 346.2 Q 32.11(JF)102
362.4 S(orw)143.41 362.4 Q(ard \214le path.)-.1 E 31(kC)102 378.6 S
(onnection cache size)144.67 378.6 Q 28.78(KC)102 394.8 S
(onnection cache lifetime.)144.67 394.8 Q 33.22(lE)102 411 S .334
(nable Errors-T)144.11 411 R .334(o: header)-.8 F 5.334(.T)-.55 G .334
(hese headers violate RFC 1123; this option is included to pro-)252.892 411 R
(vide back compatibility with old v)138 423 Q(ersions of)-.15 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A 28.78(OS)102 439.2 S
(et incoming SMTP daemon options, such as an alternate SMTP port.)143.56 439.2
Q 31(pP)102 455.4 S(ri)143.56 455.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G .3 -.15(cy o).25 H
(ptions.).15 E 29.33(RD)102 471.6 S(on')145.22 471.6 Q 2.5(tp)-.18 G
(rune route-addrs.)168.65 471.6 Q 28.78(UU)102 487.8 S(ser database spec.)
145.22 487.8 Q 28.78(VF)102 504 S(allback \231MX\232 host.)143.41 504 Q 28.78
<7799>102 520.2 S(Best MX\232 handling technique.)142.44 520.2 Q 31(7D)102
536.4 S 2.5(on)145.22 536.4 S(ot run eight bit clean.)157.72 536.4 Q F0 2.5
(7.20. Extended)87 560.4 R(Options)2.5 E F1(The)127 576.6 Q F0(r)3.764 E F1
1.264(\(read timeout\),)3.764 F F0(I)3.764 E F1 1.264(\(use BIND\), and)3.764 F
F0(T)3.764 E F1 1.264(\(queue timeout\) options ha)3.764 F 1.564 -.15(ve b)-.2
H 1.264(een e).15 F 1.264(xtended to)-.15 F(pass in more information.)102 588.6
Q F0 2.5(7.21. New)87 612.6 R(Mailer Flags)2.5 E F1(Se)127 628.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25
G(ral ne).15 E 2.5(wm)-.25 G(ailer \215ags ha)185.78 628.8 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
(een added.).15 E 31.56(aT)102 645 S .636
(ry to use ESMTP when creating a connection.)143.76 645 R .636
(If this is not set,)5.636 F F2(sendmail)3.136 E F1 .635(will still try if)
3.136 F .22(the other end hints that it kno)138 657 R .221
(ws about ESMTP in its greeting message; this \215ag says to try)-.25 F -2.15
-.25(ev e)138 669 T 2.596(ni).25 G 2.596(fi)161.856 669 S 2.596(td)170.562 669
S(oesn')180.938 669 Q 2.596(th)-.18 G 2.596(int. If)212.794 669 R .095
(the EHLO \(e)2.595 F .095(xtended hello\) command f)-.15 F(ails,)-.1 E F2
(sendmail)2.595 E F1 -.1(fa)2.595 G .095(lls back to).1 F(old SMTP)138 681 Q(.)
-1.11 E 31(bE)102 697.2 S
(nsure that there is a blank line at the end of all messages.)144.11 697.2 Q
31.56(cS)102 713.4 S .68(trip all comments from addresses; this should only be\
used as a last resort when dealing)143.56 713.4 R(with crank)138 725.4 Q 2.5
(ym)-.15 G(ailers.)195.62 725.4 Q EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-58 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 31(gN)102 96 S
-2.15 -.25(ev e)145.22 96 T 2.641(ru).25 G .141(se the null sender as the en)
169.671 96 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .141(lope sender).15 F 2.641(,e)-.4 G -.15(ve)
341.499 96 S 2.641(nw).15 G .14(hen running SMTP)365.65 96 R 5.14(.A)-1.11 G
.14(lthough this)456.35 96 R 1.521(violates RFC 1123, it may be necessary when\
you must deal with some obnoxious old)138 108 R(hosts.)138 120 Q 31(7S)102
136.2 S(trip all output to 7 bits.)143.56 136.2 Q F0 2.5(7.22. New)87 160.2 R
(Pr)2.5 E(e-De\214ned Macr)-.18 E(os)-.18 E F1(The follo)127 176.4 Q
(wing macros are pre-de\214ned:)-.25 E 23.5($k The)102 192.6 R
(UUCP node name, nominally from)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(uname)2.5 E F1
(\(2\) call.)A 20.72($m The)102 208.8 R(domain part of our full hostname.)2.5 E
23.5($_ The)102 225 R(RFC 1413-pro)2.5 E(vided sender address.)-.15 E F0 2.5
(7.23. New)87 249 R(LHS T)2.5 E(ok)-.92 E(en)-.1 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 265.2 S
1.376(rsion 8 allo)1.11 F(ws)-.25 E F0($@)3.876 E F1 1.376
(on the Left Hand Side of an \231R\232 line to match zero tok)3.876 F 3.875
(ens. This)-.1 F(is)3.875 E(intended to be used to match the null input.)102
277.2 Q F0 2.5(7.24. Bigger)87 301.2 R(Defaults)2.5 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 317.4 S
1.283(rsion 8 allo)1.11 F 1.284(ws up to 100 rulesets instead of 30.)-.25 F
1.284(It is recommended that rulesets 0\2559 be)6.284 F(reserv)102 329.4 Q
(ed for)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1 1.1 -.55('s d)D
(edicated use in future releases.).55 E
(The total number of MX records that can be used has been raised to 20.)127
345.6 Q .335(The number of queued messages that can be handled at one time has\
been raised from 600 to)127 361.8 R(1000.)102 373.8 Q F0 2.5(7.25. Differ)87
397.8 R(ent Default T)-.18 E(uning P)-.92 E(arameters)-.1 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 414
S .8(rsion 8 has changed the def)1.11 F .8
(ault parameters for tuning queue costs to mak)-.1 F 3.3(et)-.1 G .8
(he number of)449.08 414 R .712(recipients more important than the size of the\
message \(for small messages\).)102 426 R .712(This is reasonable if)5.712 F
(you are connected with reasonably f)102 438 Q(ast links.)-.1 E F0 2.5(7.26. A)
87 462 R(uto-Quoting in Addr)-.5 E(esses)-.18 E F1(Pre)127 478.2 Q(viously)-.25
E 2.61(,t)-.65 G .111(he \231Full Name <email address>\232 syntax w)176.77
478.2 R .111(ould generate incorrect protocol output)-.1 F
(if \231Full Name\232 had special characters such as dot.)102 490.2 Q(This v)5
E(ersion puts quotes around such names.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.27. Symbolic)87 514.2 R
(Names On Err)2.5 E(or Mailer)-.18 E F1(Se)127 530.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ral names ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een b).15 E
(uilt in to the $@ portion of the $#error mailer)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
(7.28. SMTP)87 554.4 R(VRFY Doesn't Expand)2.5 E F1(Pre)127 570.6 Q 1.438
(vious v)-.25 F 1.438(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.938 E F1 1.438
(treated VRFY and EXPN the same.)3.938 F 1.437(In this v)6.437 F 1.437
(ersion, VRFY)-.15 F(doesn')102 582.6 Q 2.5(te)-.18 G(xpand aliases or follo)
138.05 582.6 Q 2.5(w.)-.25 G(forw)235.84 582.6 Q(ard \214les.)-.1 E
(EXPN still does.)5 E .681(As an optimization, if you run with your def)127
598.8 R .682(ault deli)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .682
(ry mode being queue-only or deli).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -.2(r-).15 G 1.582
(in-background, the RCPT command will also not chase aliases and .forw)102
610.8 R 1.582(ard \214les.)-.1 F 1.582(It will chase)6.582 F
(them when it processes the queue.)102 622.8 Q F0 2.5(7.29. [IPC])87 646.8 R
(Mailers Allo)2.5 E 2.5(wM)-.1 G(ultiple Hosts)210.49 646.8 Q F1 .447
(When an address resolv)127 663 R .448
(es to a mailer that has \231[IPC]\232 as its \231P)-.15 F .448
(ath\232, the $@ part \(host name\))-.15 F .138
(can be a colon-separated list of hosts instead of a single hostname.)102 675 R
.137(This asks)5.137 F F2(sendmail)2.637 E F1 .137(to search the)2.637 F .16
(list for the \214rst entry that is a)102 687 R -.25(va)-.2 G .16(ilable e).25
F .161(xactly as though it were an MX record.)-.15 F .161
(The intent is to route)5.161 F .738(internal traf)102 699 R .738
(\214c through internal netw)-.25 F .738
(orks without publishing an MX record to the net.)-.1 F .737(MX e)5.737 F
(xpan-)-.15 E(sion is still done on the indi)102 711 Q(vidual items.)-.25 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-59)452.9 60 Q 2.5(7.30. Aliases)87 96 R(Extended)2.5 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.456(The implementation has been mer)127 112.2 R 1.457
(ged with maps.)-.18 F 1.457(Among other things, this supports NIS-)6.457 F
(based aliases.)102 124.2 Q F0 2.5(7.31. P)87 148.2 R
(ortability and Security Enhancements)-.2 E F1 2.5(An)127 164.4 S
(umber of internal changes ha)141.72 164.4 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
(een made to enhance portability).15 E(.)-.65 E(Se)127 180.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ral \214x).15 E(es ha)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
(een made to increase the paranoia f).15 E(actor)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
(7.32. Miscellaneous)87 204.6 R(Changes)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)
127 220.8 Q F1(writes a)2.5 E F2(/etc/sendmail.pid)2.5 E F1
(\214le with the current process id of the SMTP daemon.)2.5 E -1 -.8(Tw o)127
237 T 1.647(people using the same program in their .forw)4.947 F 1.646
(ard \214le are considered dif)-.1 F 1.646(ferent so that)-.25 F
(duplicate elimination doesn')102 249 Q 2.5(td)-.18 G(elete one of them.)225.98
249 Q(The)127 265.2 Q F2(mailstats)3.18 E F1 .681
(program prints mailer names and gets the location of the)3.18 F F2
(sendmail.st)3.181 E F1 .681(\214le from)3.181 F F2(/etc/sendmail.cf)102 277.2
Q F1(.)A(Man)127 293.4 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(inor b)160.46 293.4 Q(ugs ha)-.2 E .3
-.15(ve b)-.2 H(een \214x).15 E
(ed, such as handling of backslashes inside of quotes.)-.15 E 2.5(Ah)127 309.6
S(ook \(ruleset 5\) has been added to allo)141.72 309.6 Q 2.5(wr)-.25 G -.25
(ew)304.21 309.6 S(riting of local addresses after aliasing.).25 E F0 2.5(8. A)
72 333.6 R(CKNO)-.55 E(WLEDGEMENTS)-.5 E F1(I')112 349.8 Q 2.037 -.15(ve w)-.5
H(ork).05 E 1.737(ed on)-.1 F F2(sendmail)4.237 E F1 1.737(for man)4.237 F
4.237(yy)-.15 G 1.737(ears, and man)267.502 349.8 R 4.237(ye)-.15 G(mplo)
339.763 349.8 Q 1.737(yers ha)-.1 F 2.037 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.737
(een remarkably patient).15 F .403(about letting me w)87 361.8 R .403
(ork on a lar)-.1 F .403(ge project that w)-.18 F .404(as not part of my of)-.1
F .404(\214cial job)-.25 F 5.404(.T)-.4 G .404(his includes time on the)407.384
361.8 R(INGRES Project at Berk)87 373.8 Q(ele)-.1 E 1.3 -.65(y, a)-.15 H 2.5
(tB).65 G(ritton Lee, and ag)222.75 373.8 Q(ain on the Mammoth Project at Berk)
-.05 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .454(Much of the second w)112 390 R -2.25 -.2
(av e)-.1 H .453(of impro)3.153 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .453
(ments should be credited to Bryan Costales of ICSI.).15 F .453(As he)5.453 F
.781(passed me drafts of his book on)87 402 R F2(sendmail)3.281 E F1 3.281(Iw)
3.281 G .781(as inspired to start w)274.739 402 R .781(orking on things ag)-.1
F 3.282(ain. Bryan)-.05 F -.1(wa)3.282 G(s).1 E(also a)87 414 Q -.25(va)-.2 G
(ilable to bounce ideas of).25 E 2.5(fo)-.25 G(f.)227.38 414 Q(Man)112 430.2 Q
2.857 -.65(y, m)-.15 H(an).65 E 4.057(yp)-.15 G 1.557(eople contrib)172.214
430.2 R 1.556(uted chunks of code and ideas to)-.2 F F2(sendmail)4.056 E F1
6.556(.I)C 4.056(th)418.48 430.2 S 1.556(as pro)430.316 430.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G
4.056(nt).15 G 4.056(ob)477.008 430.2 S 4.056(ea)491.064 430.2 S .463
(group netw)87 442.2 R .463(ork ef)-.1 F 2.963(fort. V)-.25 F .463
(ersion 8 in particular w)-1.11 F .463(as a group project.)-.1 F .464
(The follo)5.464 F .464(wing people made notable)-.25 F(contrib)87 454.2 Q
(utions:)-.2 E -.25(Ke)127 470.4 S(ith Bostic, CSRG, Uni).25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rsity of California, Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E(y)-.15 E(Michael J. Corrig)127 482.4
Q(an, Uni)-.05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity of California, San Die).15 E(go)-.15 E
(Bryan Costales, International Computer Science Institute)127 494.4 Q -.15(Pa)
127 506.4 S -.5(..)132.298 500.4 S 2.5(r\()136.85 506.4 S(Pell\) Emanuelsson)
146.01 506.4 Q(Craig Ev)127 518.4 Q(erhart, T)-.15 E(ransarc Corporation)-.35 E
-.8(To)127 530.4 S 2.5(mI).8 G -.25(va)150.92 530.4 S 2.5(rH).25 G
(elbekkmo, Norwe)173.16 530.4 Q(gian School of Economics)-.15 E
(Allan E. Johannesen, WPI)127 542.4 Q(Jonathan Kamens, OpenV)127 554.4 Q
(ision T)-.6 E(echnologies, Inc.)-.7 E -.8(Ta)127 566.4 S
(kahiro Kanbe, Fuji Xerox Information Systems Co., Ltd.).8 E(Brian Kantor)127
578.4 Q 2.5(,U)-.4 G(ni)191.31 578.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rsity of California, San Die).15 E(go)-.15 E(Murray S. K)127 590.4 Q(uchera)
-.15 E(wy)-.15 E 2.5(,H)-.65 G(ookUp Communication Corp.)227.41 590.4 Q
(Bruce Lilly)127 602.4 Q 2.5(,S)-.65 G(on)182.74 602.4 Q 2.5(yU)-.15 G(.S.)
207.31 602.4 Q(Karl London)127 614.4 Q(Nakamura Motonori, K)127 626.4 Q
(yoto Uni)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 E(John Gardiner Myers, Carne)127
638.4 Q(gie Mellon Uni)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 E(Neil Rick)127 650.4 Q
(ert, Northern Illinois Uni)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 E
(Eric Schnoebelen, Con)127 662.4 Q .3 -.15(vex C)-.4 H(omputer Corp.).15 E
(Eric W)127 674.4 Q(assenaar)-.8 E 2.5(,N)-.4 G
(ational Institute for Nuclear and High Ener)200.49 674.4 Q(gy Ph)-.18 E
(ysics, Amsterdam)-.05 E(Christophe W)127 686.4 Q(olfhugel, Herv)-.8 E 2.5(eS)
-.15 G(chauer Consultants \(P)252.7 686.4 Q(aris\))-.15 E 2.688(Ia)87 702.6 S
.188(pologize for an)97.458 702.6 R .188(yone I ha)-.15 F .488 -.15(ve o)-.2 H
.188(mitted, misspelled, misattrib).15 F .188(uted, or otherwise missed.)-.2 F
(Man)5.188 E 2.687(yo)-.15 G .187(ther peo-)467.993 702.6 R(ple ha)87 714.6 Q
.3 -.15(ve c)-.2 H(ontrib).15 E(uted ideas, comments, and encouragement.)-.2 E
2.5(Ia)5 G(ppreciate their contrib)338.06 714.6 Q(ution as well.)-.2 E EP
/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX A)257.172 98.4 R(COMMAND LINE FLA)224.832
141.6 Q(GS)-.66 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Ar)97 201 Q
(guments must be presented with \215ags before addresses.)-.18 E
(The \215ags are:)5 E<ad62>72 217.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)A F1
(Set operation mode to)144 217.2 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.O)C(peration modes are:)
253.71 217.2 Q 12.22(mD)184 233.4 S(eli)211.22 233.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rm)
.15 G(ail \(def)243.87 233.4 Q(ault\))-.1 E 16.11(sS)184 245.4 S
(peak SMTP on input side)209.56 245.4 Q 15(dR)184 257.4 S(un as a daemon)210.67
257.4 Q 17.22(tR)184 269.4 S(un in test mode)210.67 269.4 Q 15(vJ)184 281.4 S
(ust v)207.89 281.4 Q(erify addresses, don')-.15 E 2.5(tc)-.18 G
(ollect or deli)319.48 281.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E 17.22(iI)184 293.4 S
(nitialize the alias database)207.33 293.4 Q 15(pP)184 305.4 S
(rint the mail queue)209.56 305.4 Q<ad42>72 325.8 Q F2(type)A F1
(Indicate body type.)144 325.8 Q<ad43>72 342 Q F2(\214le)A F1 .946(Use a dif)
144 342 R .946(ferent con\214guration \214le.)-.25 F F2(Sendmail)5.946 E F1
.946(runs as the in)3.446 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .946(king user \(rather than root\)).2
F(when this \215ag is speci\214ed.)144 354 Q<ad64>72 370.2 Q F2(le)A(vel)-.15 E
F1(Set deb)144 370.2 Q(ugging le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E<ad66>72 386.4 Q
F2(addr)2.5 E F1(The sender')144 386.4 Q 2.5(sm)-.55 G(achine address is)205.1
386.4 Q F2(addr)2.5 E F1(.)A<ad46>72 402.6 Q F2(name)A F1
(Sets the full name of this user to)144 402.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F1(.)A<ad68>72
418.8 Q F2(cnt)2.5 E F1 .726(Sets the \231hop count\232 to)144 418.8 R F2(cnt)
3.226 E F1 5.725(.T)C .725
(his represents the number of times this message has been)269.455 418.8 R .02
(processed by)144 430.8 R F2(sendmail)2.52 E F1 .02(\(to the e)2.52 F .02
(xtent that it is supported by the underlying netw)-.15 F(orks\).)-.1 E F2(Cnt)
(is incremented during processing, and if it reaches MAXHOP \(currently 30\))
144 442.8 R F2(sendmail)4.02 E F1(thro)144 454.8 Q(ws a)-.25 E -.1(wa)-.15 G
2.5(yt).1 G(he message with an error)199.6 454.8 Q(.)-.55 E 58.86(\255n Don')72
471 R 2.5(td)-.18 G 2.5(oa)174.65 471 S(liasing or forw)186.59 471 Q(arding.)
-.1 E<ad72>72 487.2 Q F2(addr)2.5 E F1(An obsolete form of)144 487.2 Q/F3 10
/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad66>2.5 E F1(.)A<ad6f>72 503.4 Q F2 1.666(xv)C(alue)-1.666 E
F1(Set option)144 503.4 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1(to the speci\214ed)2.5 E F2(value)2.5 E
F1 5(.T)C(hese options are described in Appendix B.)292.6 503.4 Q<ad70>72 519.6
Q F2(pr)A(otocol)-.45 E F1 .4(Set the sending protocol.)144 519.6 R .401
(Programs are encouraged to set this.)5.4 F .401(The protocol \214eld can be)
5.401 F .115(in the form)144 531.6 R F2(pr)2.615 E(otocol)-.45 E F3(:)A F2
(host)A F1 .114(to set both the sending protocol and sending host.)2.615 F -.15
(Fo)5.114 G 2.614(re).15 G(xample,)472.06 531.6 Q 2.147(\231\255pUUCP:uunet\
\232 sets the sending protocol to UUCP and the sending host to uunet.)144 543.6
R .974(\(Some e)144 555.6 R .974
(xisting programs use \255oM to set the r and s macros; this is equi)-.15 F
-.25(va)-.25 G .973(lent to using).25 F(\255p.\))144 567.6 Q<ad71>72 583.8 Q F2
(time)A F1 -.35(Tr)144 583.8 S 3.167(yt).35 G 3.167(op)164.037 583.8 S .667
(rocess the queued up mail.)177.204 583.8 R .667(If the time is gi)5.667 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G .667(n, a).15 F F2(sendmail)3.167 E F1 .667(will run through the)
3.167 F(queue at the speci\214ed interv)144 595.8 Q(al to deli)-.25 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.5(rq).15 G(ueued mail; otherwise, it only runs once.)310.82 595.8 Q
<ad71>72 612 Q F2(Xstring)A F1 .313
(Run the queue once, limiting the jobs to those matching)144 612 R F2(Xstring)
2.812 E F1 5.312(.T)C .312(he k)416.33 612 R .612 -.15(ey l)-.1 H(etter).15 E
F2(X)2.812 E F1 .312(can be)2.812 F F3(I)144 624 Q F1 .67
(to limit based on queue identi\214er)3.17 F(,)-.4 E F3(R)3.17 E F1 .671
(to limit based on recipient, or)3.17 F F3(S)3.171 E F1 .671(to limit based on)
3.171 F(sender)144 636 Q 6.054(.A)-.55 G 1.054
(particular queued job is accepted if one of the corresponding addresses con-)
188.878 636 R(tains the indicated)144 648 Q F2(string)2.5 E F1(.)A 61.08
(\255t Read)72 664.2 R .752(the header for \231T)3.252 F .752
(o:\232, \231Cc:\232, and \231Bcc:\232 lines, and send to e)-.8 F -.15(ve)-.25
G .752(ryone listed in those).15 F 2.54(lists. The)144 676.2 R .039
(\231Bcc:\232 line will be deleted before sending.)2.54 F(An)5.039 E 2.539(ya)
-.15 G .039(ddresses in the ar)385.314 676.2 R .039(gument v)-.18 F(ec-)-.15 E
(tor will be deleted from the send list.)144 688.2 Q<ad58>72 704.4 Q F2(lo)
3.179 E(g\214le)-.1 E F1 .679(Log all traf)144.679 704.4 R .679
(\214c in and out of)-.25 F F2(sendmail)3.179 E F1 .679(in the indicated)3.179
F F2(lo)3.18 E(g\214le)-.1 E F1 .68(for deb)3.18 F .68(ugging mailer prob-)-.2
F 2.5(lems. This)144 716.4 R(produces a lot of data v)2.5 E
(ery quickly and should be used sparingly)-.15 E(.)-.65 E F3 193.36
(SMM:08-60 Sendmail)72 756 R(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-61)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.118
(There are a number of options that may be speci\214ed as primiti)97 96 R 1.418
-.15(ve \215)-.25 H 1.118(ags \(pro).15 F 1.118(vided for compatibility)-.15 F
(with)72 108 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(delivermail)2.5 E F1 2.5(\). These)B
(are the e, i, m, and v options.)2.5 E
(Also, the f option may be speci\214ed as the)5 E F0<ad73>2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5
/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX B)250.002 98.4 R -.12(QU)220.29 141.6 S
(EUE FILE FORMA).12 E(TS)-1.14 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .291
(This appendix describes the format of the queue \214les.)97 201 R .292
(These \214les li)5.292 F .592 -.15(ve i)-.25 H 2.792(nt).15 G .292
(he directory de\214ned by the)395.632 201 R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Q)72 213 Q
F1(option in the)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1
(\214le, usually)2.5 E F3(/var/spool/mqueue)2.5 E F1(or)2.5 E F3
(/usr/spool/mqueue)2.5 E F1(.)A .23(All queue \214les ha)97 229.2 R .53 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H .23(he name).15 F F3(x)2.73 E F2(f)1.666 E F3(AAA99999)A F1(where)
2.73 E F3(AAA99999)2.73 E F1 .23(is the)2.73 F F3(id)2.73 E F1 .229
(for this message and the)2.73 F F3(x)2.729 E F1 .229(is a)2.729 F 3.601
(type. The)72 241.2 R 1.101
(\214rst letter of the id encodes the hour of the day that the message w)3.601
F 1.101(as recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.601(db).15 G 3.601(yt)451.798 241.2 S
1.101(he system)463.179 241.2 R .552
(\(with A being the hour between midnight and 1:00AM\).)72 253.2 R .552
(All \214les with the same id collecti)5.552 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .551
(ly de\214ne one).15 F(message.)72 265.2 Q(The types are:)97 281.4 Q 31(dT)72
297.6 S(he data \214le.)114.11 297.6 Q(The message body \(e)5 E
(xcluding the header\) is k)-.15 E(ept in this \214le.)-.1 E 33.22(lT)72 313.8
S .311(he lock \214le.)114.11 313.8 R .311(If this \214le e)5.311 F .312
(xists, the job is currently being processed, and a queue run will not pro-)
-.15 F .524(cess the \214le.)108 325.8 R -.15(Fo)5.524 G 3.024(rt).15 G .524
(hat reason, an e)183.276 325.8 R(xtraneous)-.15 E F2(lf)3.024 E F1 .524
(\214le can cause a job to apparently disappear \(it will)3.024 F .284(not e)
108 337.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.784(nt).15 G .284(ime out!\).)147.608 337.8 R
([Actually)5.284 E 2.784(,t)-.65 G .284
(his \214le is obsolete on most systems that support the)237.8 337.8 R F2
(\215ock)2.784 E F1(or)2.785 E F2(lockf)2.785 E F1(system calls.])108 349.8 Q
31(nT)72 366 S .348(his \214le is created when an id is being created.)114.11
366 R .348(It is a separate \214le to insure that no mail can e)5.348 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .805(be destro)108 378 R .805(yed due to a race condition.)
-.1 F .805(It should e)5.805 F .805(xist for no more than a fe)-.15 F 3.305(wm)
-.25 G .805(illiseconds at an)433.1 378 R(y)-.15 E(gi)108 390 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.5(nt).15 G 2.5(ime. [This)135.1 390 R(is only used on old v)2.5 E(ersions of)
-.15 E F3(sendmail)2.5 E F1 2.5(;i)C 2.5(ti)349.95 390 S 2.5(sn)358.01 390 S
(ot used on ne)369.4 390 Q(wer v)-.25 E(ersions.])-.15 E 31(qT)72 406.2 S
(he queue control \214le.)114.11 406.2 Q
(This \214le contains the information necessary to process the job)5 E(.)-.4 E
33.22(tA)72 422.4 S .345(temporary \214le.)118.065 422.4 R .344
(These are an image of the)5.345 F F2(qf)2.844 E F1 .344
(\214le when it is being reb)2.844 F 2.844(uilt. It)-.2 F .344
(should be renamed)2.844 F(to a)108 434.4 Q F2(qf)2.5 E F1(\214le v)2.5 E
(ery quickly)-.15 E(.)-.65 E 31(xA)72 450.6 S .566(transcript \214le, e)118.286
450.6 R .567(xisting during the life of a session sho)-.15 F .567(wing e)-.25 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G .567(rything that happens during that).15 F(session.)108 462.6 Q
(The)97 478.8 Q F2(qf)3.334 E F1 .834
(\214le is structured as a series of lines each be)3.334 F .833
(ginning with a code letter)-.15 F 5.833(.T)-.55 G .833(he lines are as fol-)
427.358 478.8 R(lo)72 490.8 Q(ws:)-.25 E 28.78(DT)72 507 S
(he name of the data \214le.)114.11 507 Q
(There may only be one of these lines.)5 E 28.78(HA)72 523.2 S .329
(header de\214nition.)118.049 523.2 R .329(There may be an)5.329 F 2.829(yn)
-.15 G .329(umber of these lines.)274.283 523.2 R .33
(The order is important: the)5.33 F 2.83(yr)-.15 G(epre-)483.46 523.2 Q .046
(sent the order in the \214nal message.)108 535.2 R .046
(These use the same syntax as header de\214nitions in the con\214gu-)5.046 F
(ration \214le.)108 547.2 Q 29.33(CT)72 563.4 S .575(he controlling address.)
114.11 563.4 R .575(The syntax is \231localuser:aliasname\232.)5.575 F .575
(Recipient addresses follo)5.575 F .575(wing this)-.25 F 2.814
(line will be \215agged so that deli)108 575.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.814
(ries will be run as the).15 F F3(localuser)5.314 E F1 2.814
(\(a user name from the)5.314 F .561(/etc/passwd \214le\);)108 587.4 R F3
(aliasname)3.061 E F1 .561(is the name of the alias that e)3.061 F .562
(xpanded to this address \(used for print-)-.15 F(ing messages\).)108 599.4 Q
29.33(RA)72 615.6 S .705(recipient address.)118.425 615.6 R .705
(This will normally be completely aliased, b)5.705 F .705
(ut is actually realiased when the)-.2 F(job is processed.)108 627.6 Q
(There will be one line for each recipient.)5 E 30.44(ST)72 643.8 S
(he sender address.)114.11 643.8 Q(There may only be one of these lines.)5 E
29.89(EA)72 660 S 3.741(ne)115.22 660 S 1.241(rror address.)128.401 660 R 1.241
(If an)6.241 F 3.741(ys)-.15 G 1.241(uch lines e)218.185 660 R 1.241(xist, the)
-.15 F 3.741(yr)-.15 G 1.242(epresent the addresses that should recei)308.119
660 R 1.542 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(rror).15 E(messages.)108 672 Q 29.89(TT)72 688.2 S
(he job creation time.)114.11 688.2 Q
(This is used to compute when to time out the job)5 E(.)-.4 E 30.44(PT)72 704.4
S .114(he current message priority)114.11 704.4 R 5.114(.T)-.65 G .113
(his is used to order the queue.)236.666 704.4 R .113(Higher numbers mean lo)
5.113 F .113(wer priori-)-.25 F 3.676(ties. The)108 716.4 R 1.176
(priority changes as the message sits in the queue.)3.676 F 1.177
(The initial priority depends on the)6.176 F F2 193.36(SMM:08-62 Sendmail)72
756 R(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-63)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(message class and the size of the message.)108 96 Q 27.11(MA)72 112.2 S 2.704
(message. This)117.924 112.2 R .204(line is printed by the)2.704 F/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(mailq)2.704 E F1 .203
(command, and is generally used to store status infor)2.704 F(-)-.2 E 2.5
(mation. It)108 124.2 R(can contain an)2.5 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G -.15(ex)219.78 124.2
S(t.).15 E 30.44(FF)72 140.4 S .043
(lag bits, represented as one letter per \215ag.)113.56 140.4 R .043
(De\214ned \215ag bits are)5.043 F F0(r)2.543 E F1 .044
(indicating that this is a response)2.544 F .143(message and)108 152.4 R F0(w)
2.643 E F1 .143(indicating that a w)2.643 F .142
(arning message has been sent announcing that the mail has been)-.1 F(delayed.)
108 164.4 Q 31($A)72 180.6 S .829(macro de\214nition.)118.549 180.6 R .829
(The v)5.829 F .829(alues of certain macros \(as of this writing, only)-.25 F
F0($r)3.33 E F1(and)3.33 E F0($s)3.33 E F1 3.33(\)a)C .83(re passed)466.24
180.6 R(through to the queue run phase.)108 192.6 Q 29.33(BT)72 208.8 S .925
(he body type.)114.11 208.8 R .925(The remainder of the line is a te)5.925 F
.925(xt string de\214ning the body type.)-.15 F .924(If this \214eld is)5.924 F
.009(missing, the body type is assumed to be \231unde\214ned\232 and no specia\
l processing is attempted.)108 220.8 R(Le)5.009 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(l).05 E -.25
(va)108 232.8 S(lues are \2317BIT\232 and \2318BITMIME\232.).25 E 4.073
(As an e)97 249 R 4.073(xample, the follo)-.15 F 4.072
(wing is a queue \214le sent to \231eric@mammoth.Berk)-.25 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
-.15 G 4.072(EDU\232 and).65 F(\231bostic@ok)72 263 Q(eef)-.1 E(fe.CS.Berk)-.25
E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232).65 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)219.09 259 Q
F1(:)222.59 263 Q(P835771)112 279.2 Q(T404261372)112 291.2 Q(DdfAAA13557)112
303.2 Q(Seric)112 315.2 Q(Eo)112 327.2 Q(wner)-.25 E(-sendmail@v)-.2 E
(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(Ceric:sendmail@v)112
339.2 Q(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E
(Reric@mammoth.Berk)112 351.2 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(Rbostic@ok)
112 363.2 Q(eef)-.1 E(fe.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E
(H?P?return-path: <o)112 375.2 Q(wner)-.25 E(-sendmail@v)-.2 E(angogh.CS.Berk)
-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU>).65 E(Hrecei)112 387.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(d: by v).15 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU \(5.108/2.7\) id AAA06703;).65 E(Fri, 17 Jul 92 00:28:55 -0700)132 399.2 Q
(Hrecei)112 411.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: from mail.CS.Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E -.65
(y.)-.15 G(EDU by v).65 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU \(5.108/2.7\)).65 E(id AAA06698; Fri, 17 Jul 92 00:28:54 -0700)132 423.2 Q
(Hrecei)112 435.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: from [128.32.31.21] by mail.CS.Berk).15 E
(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU \(5.96/2.5\)).65 E
(id AA22777; Fri, 17 Jul 92 03:29:14 -0400)132 447.2 Q(Hrecei)112 459.2 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G(d: by foo.bar).15 E(.baz.de \(5.57/Ultrix3.0-C\))-.55 E
(id AA22757; Fri, 17 Jul 92 09:31:25 GMT)132 471.2 Q(H?F?from: eric@foo.bar)112
483.2 Q(.baz.de \(Eric Allman\))-.55 E(H?x?full-name: Eric Allman)112 495.2 Q
(Hmessage-id: <9207170931.AA22757@foo.bar)112 507.2 Q(.baz.de>)-.55 E(HT)112
519.2 Q(o: sendmail@v)-.8 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU)
.65 E(Hsubject: this is an e)112 531.2 Q(xample message)-.15 E 1.084(This sho)
72 547.4 R 1.084(ws the name of the data \214le, the person who sent the messa\
ge, the submission time \(in seconds)-.25 F .259
(since January 1, 1970\), the message priority)72 559.4 R 2.759(,t)-.65 G .26
(he message class, the recipients, and the headers for the mes-)257.023 559.4 R
(sage.)72 571.4 Q .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80
669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100
669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108
669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120 669.2 DL
128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL 140 669.2
136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2
DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168
669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 669.2 176
669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188 669.2 DL
196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2
204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0
SF(1)93.6 679.6 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .718(This e)3.2 J .718
(xample is contri)-.12 F -.12(ve)-.2 G 2.718(da).12 G .718
(nd probably inaccurate for your en)186.964 682.8 R 2.719(vironment. Glance)
-.32 F -.12(ove)2.719 G 2.719(ri).12 G 2.719(tt)384.991 682.8 S 2.719(og)
392.158 682.8 S .719(et an idea; nothing can replace)402.877 682.8 R
(looking at what your o)72 692.4 Q(wn system generates.)-.2 E EP
/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX C)249.672 98.4 R(SUMMAR)198.282 141.6 Q 3(YO)
-.42 G 3(FS)274.182 141.6 S(UPPOR)291.186 141.6 Q 3(TF)-.48 G(ILES)350.37 141.6
Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.52(This is a summary of the support \214les that)97
201 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)4.019 E F1 1.519(creates or generates.)
4.019 F(Man)6.519 E 4.019(yo)-.15 G 4.019(ft)444.743 201 S 1.519(hese can be)
454.872 201 R(changed by editing the sendmail.cf \214le; check there to \214nd\
the actual pathnames.)72 213 Q(/usr/sbin/sendmail)72 229.2 Q(The binary of)144
241.2 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A(/usr/bin/ne)72 257.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1
E 3.734(Al)144 269.4 S 1.235
(ink to /usr/sbin/sendmail; causes the alias database to be reb)157.734 269.4 R
3.735(uilt. Running)-.2 F 1.235(this pro-)3.735 F(gram is completely equi)144
281.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to gi).25 E(ving)-.25 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(the)
2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(\255bi)2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E 13.38
(/usr/bin/mailq Prints)72 297.6 R 3.703(al)3.703 G 1.203
(isting of the mail queue.)181.966 297.6 R 1.202(This program is equi)6.203 F
-.25(va)-.25 G 1.202(lent to using the).25 F F3(\255bp)3.702 E F1 1.202
(\215ag to)3.702 F F2(sendmail)144 309.6 Q F1(.)A 5.9(/etc/sendmail.cf The)72
325.8 R(con\214guration \214le, in te)2.5 E(xtual form.)-.15 E
(/usr/lib/sendmail.hf)72 342 Q(The SMTP help \214le.)144 354 Q 7
(/etc/sendmail.st A)72 370.2 R(statistics \214le; need not be present.)2.5 E
.89(/etc/sendmail.pid Created)72 386.4 R .318
(in daemon mode; it contains the process id of the current SMTP daemon.)2.818 F
.318(If you)5.318 F .338(use this in scripts; use `)144 398.4 R .338
(`head \2551')-.74 F 2.838('t)-.74 G 2.838(og)285.786 398.4 S .338
(et just the \214rst line; later v)298.624 398.4 R .337(ersions of)-.15 F F2
(sendmail)2.837 E F1(may)2.837 E(add information to subsequent lines.)144 410.4
Q 25.62(/etc/aliases The)72 426.6 R(te)2.5 E(xtual v)-.15 E
(ersion of the alias \214le.)-.15 E(/etc/aliases.{pag,dir})72 442.8 Q
(The alias \214le in)144 454.8 Q F2(dbm)2.5 E F1(\(3\) format.)1.666 E(/v)72
471 Q(ar/spool/mqueue)-.25 E
(The directory in which the mail queue and temporary \214les reside.)144 483 Q
(/v)72 499.2 Q(ar/spool/mqueue/qf*)-.25 E
(Control \(queue\) \214les for messages.)144 511.2 Q(/v)72 527.4 Q
(ar/spool/mqueue/df*)-.25 E(Data \214les.)144 539.4 Q(/v)72 555.6 Q
(ar/spool/mqueue/tf*)-.25 E -.7(Te)144 567.6 S(mporary v).7 E
(ersions of the qf \214les, used during queue \214le reb)-.15 E(uild.)-.2 E(/v)
72 583.8 Q(ar/spool/mqueue/xf*)-.25 E 2.5(At)144 595.8 S
(ranscript of the current session.)156.5 595.8 Q F3 193.36(SMM:08-64 Sendmail)
72 756 R(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 198.36(SMM:08-2 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(This page intentionally left blank;)256.225 300 Q
(replace it with a blank sheet for double-sided output.)218.6 312 Q EP
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-3)457.9 60 Q/F1 12/Times-Roman@0 SF -1.116(TA)263.226 98.4 S
(BLE OF CONTENTS)1.116 E/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(1. B)72 124.8 R(ASIC INST)
-.35 E(ALLA)-.93 E 1.18(TION .................................................\
..............................................................)-1.11 F(7)499
124.8 Q 2.5(1.1. Compiling)87 139.2 R .43(Sendmail ...........................\
..............................................................................\
.....)2.5 F(7)499 139.2 Q 2.5(1.1.1. Old)102 153.6 R -.15(ve)2.5 G
(rsions of mak).15 E 2.93(e.)-.1 G 28.5(......................................\
............................................................. 7)220.5 153.6 R
2.5(1.1.2. Compilation)102 168 R 2.1(\215ags .................................\
........................................................................)2.5 F
(7)499 168 Q 2.5(1.1.3. Compilation)102 182.4 R(and installation)2.5 E 28.5(..\
..............................................................................\
........ 8)4.6 F 2.5(1.2. Con\214guration)87 196.8 R .99(Files ...............\
..............................................................................\
...................)2.5 F(8)499 196.8 Q 2.5(1.3. Details)87 211.2 R
(of Installation Files)2.5 E 28.5(............................................\
....................................................... 9)4.89 F 2.5
(1.3.1. /usr/sbin/sendmail)102 225.6 R 28.5(..................................\
....................................................................... 9)2.66
F 2.5(1.3.2. /etc/sendmail.cf)102 240 R 23.5(.................................\
........................................................................... 10)
4.9 F 2.5(1.3.3. /usr/bin/ne)102 254.4 R -.1(wa)-.25 G 2.19(liases ...........\
..............................................................................\
..............).1 F(10)494 254.4 Q 2.5(1.3.4. /v)102 268.8 R 1.81(ar/spool/mqu\
eue ..........................................................................\
..............................)-.25 F(10)494 268.8 Q 2.5(1.3.5. /etc/aliases*)
102 283.2 R 23.5(.............................................................\
..................................................... 10)4.62 F 2.5
(1.3.6. /etc/rc)102 297.6 R 23.5(.............................................\
..............................................................................\
. 10)3.51 F 2.5(1.3.7. /usr/lib/sendmail.hf)102 312 R 23.5(...................\
..............................................................................\
...... 12)2.94 F 2.5(1.3.8. /etc/sendmail.st)102 326.4 R 23.5(................\
..............................................................................\
............... 13)3.5 F 2.5(1.3.9. /usr/bin/ne)102 340.8 R -.1(wa)-.25 G 2.19
(liases ......................................................................\
.................................).1 F(13)494 340.8 Q 2.5
(1.3.10. /usr/bin/mailq)102 355.2 R 23.5(.....................................\
........................................................................ 13)
4.88 F 2.5(2. NORMAL)72 369.6 R(OPERA)2.5 E 1.56(TIONS .......................\
..............................................................................\
........)-1.11 F(13)494 369.6 Q 2.5(2.1. The)87 384 R(System Log)2.5 E 23.5(..\
..............................................................................\
.................................... 13)4.89 F 2.5(2.1.1. F)102 398.4 R 2.26(o\
rmat .........................................................................\
.................................................)-.15 F(13)494 398.4 Q 2.5
(2.1.2. Le)102 412.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.24(ls ................................\
..............................................................................\
.............).15 F(13)494 412.8 Q 2.5(2.2. The)87 427.2 R(Mail Queue)2.5 E
23.5(.........................................................................\
............................................ 13)2.96 F 2.5(2.2.1. Printing)102
441.6 R(the queue)2.5 E 23.5(.................................................\
........................................................ 13)2.67 F 2.5
(2.2.2. F)102 456 R(orcing the queue)-.15 E 23.5(.............................\
............................................................................ 1\
4)3.94 F 2.5(2.3. The)87 470.4 R(Alias Database)2.5 E 23.5(...................\
..............................................................................\
............... 14)2.69 F 2.5(2.3.1. Reb)102 484.8 R
(uilding the alias database)-.2 E 23.5(.......................................\
................................................ 15)4.27 F 2.5
(2.3.2. Potential)102 499.2 R .72(problems ...................................\
.....................................................................)2.5 F(15)
494 499.2 Q 2.5(2.3.3. List)102 513.6 R -.25(ow)2.5 G 1.81(ners ..............\
..............................................................................\
.......................).25 F(15)494 513.6 Q 2.5(2.4. User)87 528 R
(Information Database)2.5 E 23.5(.............................................\
....................................................... 16)2.7 F 2.5(2.5. Per)
87 542.4 R(-User F)-.2 E(orw)-.15 E(arding \(.forw)-.1 E(ard Files\))-.1 E 23.5
(.............................................................................\
...... 16)4.09 F 2.5(2.6. Special)87 556.8 R(Header Lines)2.5 E 23.5(.........\
..............................................................................\
...................... 16)2.97 F 2.5(2.6.1. Return-Receipt-T)102 571.2 R .98(o\
: ............................................................................\
...........................)-.8 F(16)494 571.2 Q 2.5(2.6.2. Errors-T)102 585.6
R 2.09(o: ....................................................................\
.................................................)-.8 F(16)494 585.6 Q 2.5
(2.6.3. Apparently-T)102 600 R 2.09(o: .......................................\
......................................................................)-.8 F
(17)494 600 Q 2.5(2.7. IDENT)87 614.4 R(Protocol Support)2.5 E 23.5(..........\
..............................................................................\
............... 17)2.95 F 2.5(3. ARGUMENTS)72 628.8 R 23.5(...................\
..............................................................................\
.............................. 17)3.78 F 2.5(3.1. Queue)87 643.2 R(Interv)2.5 E
1.55(al ......................................................................\
.................................................)-.25 F(17)494 643.2 Q 2.5
(3.2. Daemon)87 657.6 R 1.29(Mode ............................................\
...........................................................................)2.5
F(17)494 657.6 Q 2.5(3.3. F)87 672 R(orcing the Queue)-.15 E 23.5(............\
..............................................................................\
....................... 18)4.22 F 2.5(3.4. Deb)87 686.4 R 1.76(ugging ........\
..............................................................................\
.......................................)-.2 F(18)494 686.4 Q 2.5(3.5. T)87
700.8 R(rying a Dif)-.35 E(ferent Con\214guration File)-.25 E 23.5(...........\
........................................................................ 18)
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..............................................................................\
.............. 18)3.23 F EP
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..............................................................................\
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..............................................................................\
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1.07(imeouts .................................................................\
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..............................................................................\
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..............................................................................\
............................)2.5 F(19)494 153.6 Q 2.5(4.1.3. Message)102 168 R
1.56(timeouts ................................................................\
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182.4 R(orking During Queue Runs)-.15 E 23.5(.................................\
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(4.3. Queue)87 196.8 R .73(Priorities ........................................\
.............................................................................)
2.5 F(21)494 196.8 Q 2.5(4.4. Load)87 211.2 R .44(Limiting ...................\
..............................................................................\
.......................)2.5 F(21)494 211.2 Q 2.5(4.5. Deli)87 225.6 R -.15(ve)
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................................................................... 21)3.08 F
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..............................................................................\
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Modes ........................................................................\
.....................................................)2.5 F(22)494 254.4 Q 2.5
(4.7.1. T)102 268.8 R 2.5(os)-.8 G(uid or not to suid?)146.2 268.8 Q 23.5(....\
..............................................................................\
............... 22)6.52 F 2.5(4.7.2. Should)102 283.2 R
(my alias database be writable?)2.5 E 23.5
(........................................................................ 22)
5.47 F 2.5(4.8. Connection)87 297.6 R 1.56(Caching ...........................\
..............................................................................\
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23.5(.........................................................................\
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(ving the Per)-.15 E(-User F)-.2 E(orw)-.15 E(ard Files)-.1 E 23.5(...........\
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-.15(cy F).25 H 1.93(lags ....................................................\
...................................................................).15 F(24)
494 355.2 Q 2.5(4.13. Send)87 369.6 R(to Me T)2.5 E 2.08(oo ..................\
..............................................................................\
...................)-.8 F(25)494 369.6 Q 2.5(5. THE)72 384 R
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..............................................................................\
... 25)2.66 F 2.5(5.1.1. R)102 412.8 R(and S \212 re)2.5 E(writing rules)-.25 E
23.5(.........................................................................\
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23.5(.........................................................................\
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2.5 E 23.5(...................................................................\
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2.5 E(writing rule sets)-.25 E 23.5
(.......................................................................... 27)
4.6 F 2.5(5.1.1.4. IPC)117 470.4 R 1(mailers .................................\
.........................................................................)2.5 F
(28)494 470.4 Q 2.5(5.1.2. D)102 484.8 R 2.5<8a64>2.5 G(e\214ne macro)156.72
484.8 Q 23.5(.................................................................\
....................................... 28)4.35 F 2.5(5.1.3. C)102 499.2 R
(and F \212 de\214ne classes)2.5 E 23.5(......................................\
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102 513.6 R 2.5<8a64>2.5 G(e\214ne mailer)158.39 513.6 Q 23.5(................\
..............................................................................\
......... 31)4.62 F 2.5(5.1.5. H)102 528 R 2.5<8a64>2.5 G(e\214ne header)156.72
528 Q 23.5(...................................................................\
..................................... 34)2.69 F 2.5(5.1.6. O)102 542.4 R 2.5
<8a73>2.5 G(et option)155.61 542.4 Q 23.5(....................................\
......................................................................... 34)
4.61 F 2.5(5.1.7. P)102 556.8 R 2.5<8a70>2.5 G(recedence de\214nitions)155.06
556.8 Q 23.5(.................................................................\
......................... 38)3.24 F 2.5(5.1.8. V)102 571.2 R 2.5<8a63>2.5 G
(on\214guration v)156.16 571.2 Q(ersion le)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.62(l.).15 G
23.5(.........................................................................\
........ 39)265.5 571.2 R 2.5(5.1.9. K)102 585.6 R 2.5<8a6b>2.5 G .3 -.15
(ey \214)156.62 585.6 T(le declaration).15 E 23.5(............................\
.................................................................. 40)4.88 F
2.5(5.2. Building)87 600 R 2.5(aC)2.5 G(on\214guration File From Scratch)158.12
(......................................................................... 42)
3.77 F 2.5(5.2.1. What)102 614.4 R(you are trying to do)2.5 E 23.5(...........\
..............................................................................\
.... 42)2.96 F 2.5(5.2.2. Philosoph)102 628.8 R 3.54(y.)-.05 G 23.5(..........\
..............................................................................\
........................... 42)180.5 628.8 R 2.5(5.2.2.1. Lar)117 643.2 R
(ge site, man)-.18 E 2.5(yh)-.15 G(osts \212 minimum information)226.1 643.2 Q
23.5(................................................ 42)2.72 F 2.5
(5.2.2.2. Small)117 657.6 R(site \212 complete information)2.5 E 23.5
(.................................................................... 43)4.89 F
2.5(5.2.2.3. Single)117 672 R 1.27(host ......................................\
.....................................................................)2.5 F(43)
494 672 Q 2.5(5.2.2.4. A)117 686.4 R(completely dif)2.5 E(ferent philosoph)-.25
(..................................................................... 43)295.5
686.4 R 2.5(5.2.3. Rele)102 700.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G(nt issues).25 E 23.5(......\
..............................................................................\
......................... 44)4.56 F 2.5(5.2.4. Ho)102 715.2 R 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5
(op)153.97 715.2 S 2.38(roceed ...............................................\
.............................................................)166.47 715.2 R
/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-5)457.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(5.2.5. T)102 96 R
(esting the re)-.7 E(writing rules \212 the \255bt \215ag)-.25 E 23.5
(.................................................................... 44)2.99 F
2.5(5.2.6. Building)102 110.4 R(mailer descriptions)2.5 E 23.5(...............\
......................................................................... 45)
4.61 F 2.5(5.3. The)87 124.8 R(User Database)2.5 E 23.5(......................\
..............................................................................\
............ 47)4.92 F 2.5(5.3.1. Structure)102 139.2 R(of the user database)
2.5 E 23.5(...................................................................\
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2.5 E 23.5(...................................................................\
............................ 47)3.25 F 2.5(5.3.3. Creating)102 170 R
(the database)2.5 E/F2 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(17)215.59 166 Q F1 23.5(............\
..............................................................................\
....... 48)225.5 170 R 2.5(6. O)72 184.4 R(THER CONFIGURA)-.4 E 1.97(TION ....\
..............................................................................\
.......................)-1.11 F(48)494 184.4 Q 2.5(6.1. P)87 198.8 R
(arameters in src/Mak)-.15 E 1.55(e\214le ....................................\
................................................................)-.1 F(48)494
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..............................................................................\
.............. 49)4.23 F 2.5(6.3. Con\214guration)87 227.6 R(in src/conf.c)2.5
E 23.5(.......................................................................\
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(Header Semantics)2.5 E 23.5(.................................................\
.......................................... 51)4.9 F 2.5(6.3.2. Restricting)102
256.4 R(Use of Email)2.5 E 23.5(..............................................\
................................................ 52)4.34 F 2.5(6.3.3. Load)102
270.8 R -1.17 -.74(Av e)2.5 H(rage Computation).74 E 23.5(....................\
...................................................................... 53)2.74
F 2.5(6.3.4. Ne)102 285.2 R 2.5(wD)-.25 G(atabase Map Classes)157.85 285.2 Q
23.5(.........................................................................\
................ 53)4.89 F 2.5(6.3.5. Queueing)102 299.6 R 1.56(Function .....\
..............................................................................\
....................)2.5 F(53)494 299.6 Q 2.5(6.3.6. Refusing)102 314 R
(Incoming SMTP Connections)2.5 E 23.5
(....................................................................... 54)
2.94 F 2.5(6.3.7. Load)102 328.4 R -1.17 -.74(Av e)2.5 H(rage Computation).74 E
23.5(.........................................................................\
................. 54)2.74 F 2.5(6.4. Con\214guration)87 342.8 R
(in src/daemon.c)2.5 E 23.5(..................................................\
............................................ 54)4.62 F 2.5(7. CHANGES)72 357.2
R(IN VERSION 8)2.5 E 23.5(....................................................\
...................................................... 54)4.9 F 2.5
(7.1. Connection)87 371.6 R 1.56(Caching .....................................\
.........................................................................)2.5 F
(55)494 371.6 Q 2.5(7.2. MX)87 386 R 2.39(Piggybacking .......................\
..............................................................................\
............)2.5 F(55)494 386 Q 2.5(7.3. RFC)87 400.4 R(1123 Compliance)2.5 E
23.5(.........................................................................\
................................. 55)3.77 F 2.5(7.4. Extended)87 414.8 R
(SMTP Support)2.5 E 23.5(.....................................................\
.................................................. 55)2.94 F 2.5
(7.5. Eight-Bit)87 429.2 R .44(Clean .........................................\
.............................................................................)
2.5 F(55)494 429.2 Q 2.5(7.6. User)87 443.6 R .47(Database ...................\
..............................................................................\
.......................)2.5 F(55)494 443.6 Q 2.5(7.7. Impro)87 458 R -.15(ve)
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........................................................................... 55)
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..............................................................................\
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(ord Classes)-.8 E 23.5(......................................................\
......................................................... 56)3.47 F 2.5
(7.10. Deferred)87 501.2 R(Macro Expansion)2.5 E 23.5(........................\
......................................................................... 56)
4.65 F 2.5(7.11. IDENT)87 515.6 R(Protocol Support)2.5 E 23.5(................\
..............................................................................\
....... 56)2.95 F 2.5(7.12. P)87 530 R(arsing Bug Fix)-.15 E .46(es ..........\
..............................................................................\
........................)-.15 F(56)494 530 Q 2.5(7.13. Separate)87 544.4 R(En)
2.5 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope/Header Processing).15 E 23.5(........................\
........................................................ 56)4.37 F 2.5
(7.14. Owner)87 558.8 R(-List Propag)-.2 E(ates to En)-.05 E -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.27
(lope ........................................................................\
............).15 F(56)494 558.8 Q 2.5(7.15. Dynamic)87 573.2 R
(Header Allocation)2.5 E 23.5(................................................\
................................................ 56)3.25 F 2.5(7.16. Ne)87
587.6 R 2.5(wC)-.25 G(ommand Line Flags)139.8 587.6 Q 23.5(...................\
..............................................................................\
. 56)3.2 F 2.5(7.17. Enhanced)87 602 R(Command Line Flags)2.5 E 23.5(.........\
..............................................................................\
.. 56)4.9 F 2.5(7.18. Ne)87 616.4 R 2.5(wa)-.25 G
(nd Old Con\214guration Line T)137.57 616.4 Q .4(ypes ........................\
......................................................)-.8 F(57)494 616.4 Q 2.5
(7.19. Ne)87 630.8 R 2.5(wO)-.25 G .7(ptions .................................\
..............................................................................\
.........)140.35 630.8 R(57)494 630.8 Q 2.5(7.20. Extended)87 645.2 R 1.56(Opt\
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.......................................)2.5 F(57)494 645.2 Q 2.5(7.21. Ne)87
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..............................................................................\
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138.69 674 Q 23.5(............................................................\
........................................ 58)4.06 F 2.5(7.23. Ne)87 688.4 R 2.5
(wL)-.25 G(HS T)139.24 688.4 Q(ok)-.8 E 1.33(en ..............................\
..............................................................................\
......)-.1 F(58)494 688.4 Q 2.5(7.24. Bigger)87 702.8 R(Def)2.5 E(aults ......\
..............................................................................\
................................)-.1 E(58)494 702.8 Q 2.5(7.25. Dif)87 717.2 R
(ferent Def)-.25 E(ault T)-.1 E(uning P)-.45 E 1.99(arameters ................\
..................................................................)-.15 F(58)
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(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5
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....................................................................... 58)3.51
F 2.5(7.27. Symbolic)87 110.4 R(Names On Error Mailer)2.5 E 23.5(.............\
......................................................................... 58)
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..............................................................................\
............)209.88 124.8 R(58)494 124.8 Q 2.5(7.29. [IPC])87 139.2 R
(Mailers Allo)2.5 E 2.5(wM)-.25 G(ultiple Hosts)205.91 139.2 Q 23.5(..........\
......................................................................... 58)
3.75 F 2.5(7.30. Aliases)87 153.6 R 1.29(Extended ............................\
..............................................................................\
.......)2.5 F(59)494 153.6 Q 2.5(7.31. Portability)87 168 R
(and Security Enhancements)2.5 E 23.5(........................................\
....................................... 59)2.68 F 2.5(7.32. Miscellaneous)87
182.4 R 1.29(Changes .........................................................\
..............................................)2.5 F(59)494 182.4 Q 2.5(8. A)72
196.8 R(CKNO)-.4 E .1(WLEDGEMENTS ............................................\
................................................................)-.35 F(59)494
196.8 Q(Appendix A.)72 211.2 Q(COMMAND LINE FLA)5 E 1.97(GS ..................\
.......................................................................)-.4 F
(60)494 211.2 Q(Appendix B.)72 225.6 Q -.1(QU)5 G(EUE FILE FORMA).1 E 1.38(TS \
..............................................................................\
..............)-1.11 F(62)494 225.6 Q(Appendix C.)72 240 Q(SUMMAR)5 E 2.5(YO)
-.65 G 2.5(FS)188.85 240 S(UPPOR)202.47 240 Q 2.5(TF)-.6 G 1.12(ILES .........\
.....................................................................)248.27
projects / unix-history / blob