+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1985 Regents of the University of California.
+ *
+ * Use and reproduction of this software are granted in accordance with
+ * the terms and conditions specified in the Berkeley Software License
+ * Agreement (in particular, this entails acknowledgement of the programs'
+ * source, and inclusion of this notice) with the additional understanding
+ * that all recipients should regard themselves as participants in an
+ * ongoing research project and hence should feel obligated to report
+ * their experiences (good or bad) with these elementary function codes,
+ * using "sendbug 4bsd-bugs@BERKELEY", to the authors.
+ */
+
+#ifndef lint
+static char sccsid[] = "@(#)atanh.c 1.1 (ELEFUNT) %G%";
+#endif not lint
+
+/* ATANH(X)
+ * RETURN THE HYPERBOLIC ARC TANGENT OF X
+ * DOUBLE PRECISION (VAX D format 56 bits, IEEE DOUBLE 53 BITS)
+ * CODED IN C BY K.C. NG, 1/8/85;
+ * REVISED BY K.C. NG on 2/7/85, 3/7/85, 8/18/85.
+ *
+ * Required kernel function:
+ * log1p(x) ...return log(1+x)
+ *
+ * Method :
+ * Return
+ * 1 2x x
+ * atanh(x) = --- * log(1 + -------) = 0.5 * log1p(2 * --------)
+ * 2 1 - x 1 - x
+ *
+ * Special cases:
+ * atanh(x) is NaN if |x| > 1 with signal;
+ * atanh(NaN) is that NaN with no signal;
+ * atanh(+-1) is +-INF with signal.
+ *
+ * Accuracy:
+ * atanh(x) returns the exact hyperbolic arc tangent of x nearly rounded.
+ * In a test run with 512,000 random arguments on a VAX, the maximum
+ * observed error was 1.87 ulps (units in the last place) at
+ * x= -3.8962076028810414000e-03.
+ */
+#ifdef VAX
+#include <errno.h>
+#endif
+
+double atanh(x)
+double x;
+{
+ double copysign(),log1p(),z;
+ z = copysign(0.5,x);
+ x = copysign(x,1.0);
+#ifdef VAX
+ if (x == 1.0) {
+ extern double infnan();
+ return(copysign(1.0,z)*infnan(ERANGE)); /* sign(x)*INF */
+ }
+#endif
+ x = x/(1.0-x);
+ return( z*log1p(x+x) );
+}