SCCS-vsn: usr.bin/make/make.1 5.7
.\" Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
-.\" %sccs.include.redist.man%
+.\" %sccs.include.redist.roff%
-.\" @(#)make.1 5.6 (Berkeley) %G%
+.\" @(#)make.1 5.7 (Berkeley) %G%
.Op Fl d Ar flags
.Op Fl f Ar makefile
.Op Fl I Ar directory
.Op Fl d Ar flags
.Op Fl f Ar makefile
.Op Fl I Ar directory
.Op Ar variable=value
.Op Ar target ...
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Op Ar variable=value
.Op Ar target ...
.Sh DESCRIPTION
is a program designed to simplify the maintenance of other programs.
Its input is a list of specifications as to the files upon which programs
and other files depend.
is a program designed to simplify the maintenance of other programs.
Its input is a list of specifications as to the files upon which programs
and other files depend.
-If the file ``makefile'' exists, it is read for this list of specifications.
-If it does not exist, the file ``Makefile'' is read.
-If the file ``.depend'' exists, it is read (see
+If the file
+.Ql Pa makefile
+exists, it is read for this list of specifications.
+If it does not exist, the file
+.Ql Pa Makefile
+is read.
+If the file
+.Ql Pa .depend
+exists, it is read (see
.Xr mkdep 1) .
.Pp
This manual page is intended as a reference document only.
For a more thorough description of
.Nm make
and makefiles, please refer to
.Xr mkdep 1) .
.Pp
This manual page is intended as a reference document only.
For a more thorough description of
.Nm make
and makefiles, please refer to
-.Em Make \-\- A Tutorial .
+.%T "Make \- A Tutorial" .
.Pp
The options are as follows:
.Pp
The options are as follows:
-.Tw Ds
-.Tp Cx Fl D
-.Ar variable
-.Cx
-Define
-.Ar variable
+.Bl -tag -width Ds
+.It Fl D Ar variable
+Define Ar variable
to be 1, in the global context.
to be 1, in the global context.
-.Tp Cx Fl d
-.Ar flags
-.Cx
Turn on debugging, and specify which portions of
.Nm make
are to print debugging information.
.Ar Flags
is one or more of the following:
Turn on debugging, and specify which portions of
.Nm make
are to print debugging information.
.Ar Flags
is one or more of the following:
-.Tw Ds
-.Tp Ic A
-Print all possible debugging information; equivalent to specifying
-all of the debugging flags.
-.Tp Ic a
+.Bl -tag -width Ds
+.It Ar A
+Print all possible debugging information;
+equivalent to specifying all of the debugging flags.
+.It Ar a
Print debugging information about archive searching and caching.
Print debugging information about archive searching and caching.
Print debugging information about conditional evaluation.
Print debugging information about conditional evaluation.
Print debugging information about directory searching and caching.
Print debugging information about directory searching and caching.
Print the input graph before making anything.
Print the input graph before making anything.
Print the input graph after making everything, or before exiting
on error.
Print the input graph after making everything, or before exiting
on error.
Print debugging information about running multiple shells.
Print debugging information about running multiple shells.
Print debugging information about making targets, including modification
dates.
Print debugging information about making targets, including modification
dates.
Print debugging information about suffix-transformation rules.
Print debugging information about suffix-transformation rules.
Print debugging information about target list maintenance.
Print debugging information about target list maintenance.
Print debugging information about variable assignment.
Print debugging information about variable assignment.
Specify that environmental variables override macro assignments within
makefiles.
Specify that environmental variables override macro assignments within
makefiles.
-.Tp Cx Fl f
-.Ar makefile
-.Cx
-Specify a makefile to read instead of the default ``makefile'' and ``Makefile''.
+.It Fl f Ar makefile
+Specify a makefile to read instead of the default
+.Ql Pa makefile
+and
+.Ql Pa Makefile .
-is ``\-'', standard input is read.
+is
+.Ql Fl ,
+standard input is read.
Multiple makefile's may be specified, and are read in the order specified.
Multiple makefile's may be specified, and are read in the order specified.
-.Tp Cx Fl I
-.Ar directory
-.Cx
Specify a directory in which to search for makefiles and included makefiles.
The system makefile directory is automatically included as part of this
list.
Specify a directory in which to search for makefiles and included makefiles.
The system makefile directory is automatically included as part of this
list.
Ignore non-zero exit of shell commands in the makefile.
Ignore non-zero exit of shell commands in the makefile.
-Equivalent to specifying ``\-'' before each command line in the makefile.
-.Tp Cx Fl j
-.Ar max_jobs
-.Cx
+Equivalent to specifying
+.Ql Fl
+before each command line in the makefile.
+.It Fl j Ar max_jobs
Specify the maximum number of jobs that
.Nm make
may have running at any one time.
Specify the maximum number of jobs that
.Nm make
may have running at any one time.
Continue processing after errors are encountered, but only on those targets
that do not depend on the target whose creation caused the error.
Continue processing after errors are encountered, but only on those targets
that do not depend on the target whose creation caused the error.
Display the commands that would have been executed, but do not actually
execute them.
Display the commands that would have been executed, but do not actually
execute them.
Do not execute any commands, but exit 0 if the specified targets are
up-to-date and 1, otherwise.
Do not execute any commands, but exit 0 if the specified targets are
up-to-date and 1, otherwise.
Do not use the built-in rules specified in the system makefile.
Do not use the built-in rules specified in the system makefile.
Do not echo any commands as they are executed.
Do not echo any commands as they are executed.
-Equivalent to specifying ``@'' before each command line in the makefile.
-.Tp Fl t
+Equivalent to specifying
+.Ql Ic @
+before each command line in the makefile.
+.It Fl t
Rather than re-building a target as specified in the makefile, create it
or update its modification time to make it appear up-to-date.
Rather than re-building a target as specified in the makefile, create it
or update its modification time to make it appear up-to-date.
Set the value of the variable
.Ar variable
to
Set the value of the variable
.Ar variable
to
.Pp
There are six different types of lines in a makefile: file dependency
specifications, shell commands, variable assignments, include statements,
conditional directives, and comments.
.Pp
In general, lines may be continued from one line to the next by ending
.Pp
There are six different types of lines in a makefile: file dependency
specifications, shell commands, variable assignments, include statements,
conditional directives, and comments.
.Pp
In general, lines may be continued from one line to the next by ending
-them with a backslash (``\e'').
+them with a backslash
+.Pq Ql \e .
The trailing newline character and initial whitespace on the following
line are compressed into a single space.
.Sh FILE DEPENDENCY SPECIFICATIONS
The trailing newline character and initial whitespace on the following
line are compressed into a single space.
.Sh FILE DEPENDENCY SPECIFICATIONS
The exact relationship between the target and the source is determined
by the operator that separates them.
The three operators are as follows:
The exact relationship between the target and the source is determined
by the operator that separates them.
The three operators are as follows:
+.Bl -tag -width flag
+.It Ic \&:
A target is considered out-of-date if its modification time is less than
those of any of its sources.
Sources for a target accumulate over dependency lines when this operator
A target is considered out-of-date if its modification time is less than
those of any of its sources.
Sources for a target accumulate over dependency lines when this operator
The target is removed if
.Nm make
is interrupted.
The target is removed if
.Nm make
is interrupted.
Targets are always re-created, but not until all sources have been
examined and re-created as necessary.
Sources for a target accumulate over dependency lines when this operator
Targets are always re-created, but not until all sources have been
examined and re-created as necessary.
Sources for a target accumulate over dependency lines when this operator
The target is removed if
.Nm make
is interrupted.
The target is removed if
.Nm make
is interrupted.
If no sources are specified, the target is always re-created.
Otherwise, a target is considered out-of-date if any of its sources has
been modified more recently than the target.
If no sources are specified, the target is always re-created.
Otherwise, a target is considered out-of-date if any of its sources has
been modified more recently than the target.
The target will not be removed if
.Nm make
is interrupted.
The target will not be removed if
.Nm make
is interrupted.
-Targets and sources may contain the shell wildcard values ``?'', ``*'',
-.Dq Op
-and ``{}''.
-The values ``?'', ``*'' and
-.Dq Op
+Targets and sources may contain the shell wildcard values
+.Ql ? ,
+.Ql * ,
+.Ql []
+and
+.Ql {} .
+The values
+.Ql ? ,
+.Ql *
+and
+.Ql []
may only be used as part of the final
component of the target or source, and must be used to describe existing
files.
may only be used as part of the final
component of the target or source, and must be used to describe existing
files.
-The value ``{}'' need not necessarily be used to describe existing files.
+The value
+.Ql {}
+need not necessarily be used to describe existing files.
Expansion is in directory order, not alphabetically as done in the shell.
.Sh SHELL COMMANDS
Each target may have associated with it a series of shell commands, normally
Expansion is in directory order, not alphabetically as done in the shell.
.Sh SHELL COMMANDS
Each target may have associated with it a series of shell commands, normally
.Em must
be preceded by a tab.
While any target may appear on a dependency line, only one of these
.Em must
be preceded by a tab.
While any target may appear on a dependency line, only one of these
-dependencies may be followed by a creation script, unless the ``::''
+dependencies may be followed by a creation script, unless the
+.Ql Ic ::
-If the first or first two characters of the command line are ``@'' and/or
-``\-'', the command is treated specially.
-A ``@'' causes the command not to be echoed before it is executed.
-A ``\-'' causes any non-zero exit status of the command line to be ignored.
+If the first or first two characters of the command line are
+.Ql Ic @
+and/or
+.Ql Ic \- ,
+the command is treated specially.
+A
+.Ql Ic @
+causes the command not to be echoed before it is executed.
+A
+.Ql Ic \-
+causes any non-zero exit status of the command line to be ignored.
.Sh VARIABLE ASSIGNMENTS
Variables in make are much like variables in the shell, and, by tradition,
consist of all upper-case letters.
The five operators that can be used to assign values to variables are as
follows:
.Sh VARIABLE ASSIGNMENTS
Variables in make are much like variables in the shell, and, by tradition,
consist of all upper-case letters.
The five operators that can be used to assign values to variables are as
follows:
+.Bl -tag -width Ds
+.It Ic \&=
Assign the value to the variable.
Any previous value is overridden.
Assign the value to the variable.
Any previous value is overridden.
Append the value to the current value of the variable.
Append the value to the current value of the variable.
Assign the value to the variable if it is not already defined.
Assign the value to the variable if it is not already defined.
Assign with expansion, i.e. expand the value before assigning it
to the variable.
Normally, expansion is not done until the variable is referenced.
Assign with expansion, i.e. expand the value before assigning it
to the variable.
Normally, expansion is not done until the variable is referenced.
Expand the value and pass it to the shell for execution and assign
the result to the variable.
Any newlines in the result are replaced with spaces.
Expand the value and pass it to the shell for execution and assign
the result to the variable.
Any newlines in the result are replaced with spaces.
.Pp
Any white-space before the assigned
.Ar value
.Pp
Any white-space before the assigned
.Ar value
between the previous contents of the variable and the appended value.
.Pp
Variables are expanded by surrounding the variable name with either
between the previous contents of the variable and the appended value.
.Pp
Variables are expanded by surrounding the variable name with either
-curly braces (``{}'') or parenthesis (``()'') and preceding it with
-a dollar sign (``$'').
+curly braces
+.Pq Ql {}
+or parenthesis
+.Pq Ql ()
+and preceding it with
+a dollar sign
+.Pq Ql \&$ .
If the variable name contains only a single letter, the surrounding
braces or parenthesis are not required.
This shorter form is not recommended.
If the variable name contains only a single letter, the surrounding
braces or parenthesis are not required.
This shorter form is not recommended.
.Pp
The four different classes of variables (in order of increasing precedence)
are:
.Pp
The four different classes of variables (in order of increasing precedence)
are:
-.Tw Ds
-.Tp environment variables
+.Bl -tag -width Ds
+.It Environment variables
Variables defined as part of
Variables defined as part of
-.Cx Nm make
-.Cx \'s
-.Cx
Variables defined in the makefile or in included makefiles.
Variables defined in the makefile or in included makefiles.
-.Tp command line variables
+.It Command line variables
Variables defined as part of the command line.
Variables defined as part of the command line.
Variables that are defined specific to a certain target.
The seven local variables are as follows:
Variables that are defined specific to a certain target.
The seven local variables are as follows:
-.Tw Ds
-.Tp Va \&.ALLSRC
-The list of all sources for this target; also known as ``>''.
-.Tp Va \&.ARCHIVE
+.Bl -tag -width ".ARCHIVE"
+.It Va .ALLSRC
+The list of all sources for this target; also known as
+.Ql Va \&> .
+.It Va .ARCHIVE
The name of the archive file.
The name of the archive file.
The name/path of the source from which the target is to be transformed
The name/path of the source from which the target is to be transformed
-(the ``implied'' source); also known as ``<''.
-.Tp Va \&.MEMBER
+(the ``implied'' source); also known as
+.Ql Va \&< .
+.It Va .MEMBER
The name of the archive member.
The name of the archive member.
The list of sources for this target that were deemed out-of-date; also
The list of sources for this target that were deemed out-of-date; also
-known as ``?''.
-.Tp Va \&.PREFIX
+known as
+.Ql Va \&? .
+.It Va .PREFIX
The file prefix of the file, containing only the file portion, no suffix
The file prefix of the file, containing only the file portion, no suffix
-or preceding directory components; also known as ``*'.
-.Tp Va \&.TARGET
-The name of the target; also known as ``@''.
-.Tp
+or preceding directory components; also known as
+.Ql Va * .
+.It Va .TARGET
+The name of the target; also known as
+.Ql Va @ .
+.El
-The shorter forms ``@'', ``?'', ``>'' and ``*'' are permitted for backward
+The shorter forms
+.Ql Va @ ,
+.Ql Va ? ,
+.Ql Va \&>
+and
+.Ql Va *
+are permitted for backward
compatibility with historical makefiles and are not recommended.
compatibility with historical makefiles and are not recommended.
-The six variables ``@F'', ``@D'', ``<F'', ``<D'', ``*F'' and ``*D'' are
-permitted for compatibility with System V makefiles and are not recommended.
+The six variables
+.Ql Va "@F" ,
+.Ql Va "@D" ,
+.Ql Va "<F" ,
+.Ql Va "<D" ,
+.Ql Va "*F"
+and
+.Ql Va "*D"
+are
+permitted for compatibility with
+.At V
+makefiles and are not recommended.
.Pp
Four of the local variables may be used in sources on dependency lines
because they expand to the proper value for each target on the line.
.Pp
Four of the local variables may be used in sources on dependency lines
because they expand to the proper value for each target on the line.
-These variables are ``.TARGET'', ``.PREFIX'', ``.ARCHIVE'', and ``.MEMBER''.
+These variables are
+.Ql Va .TARGET ,
+.Ql Va .PREFIX ,
+.Ql Va .ARCHIVE ,
+and
+.Ql Va .MEMBER .
.Pp
In addition,
.Nm make
sets or knows about the following variables:
.Pp
In addition,
.Nm make
sets or knows about the following variables:
-.Tw MAKEFLAGS
-.Tp Va \&$
-A single dollar sign (``$''), i.e. ``$$'' expands to a single dollar
+.Bl -tag -width MAKEFLAGS
+.It Va \&$
+A single dollar sign
+.Ql \&$ ,
+i.e.
+.Ql \&$$
+expands to a single dollar
The name that
.Nm make
was executed with
The name that
.Nm make
was executed with
-.Pq Cx Va argv
-.Op 0
-.Cx
-.Tp Va \&.CURDIR
+.Pq Va argv Op 0
+.It Va .CURDIR
A path to the directory where
.Nm make
was executed.
A path to the directory where
.Nm make
was executed.
-.Tp Va MAKEFLAGS
-The environment variable ``MAKEFLAGS'' may contain anything that
+.It Ev MAKEFLAGS
+The environment variable
+.Ql Ev MAKEFLAGS
+may contain anything that
-.Cx Nm make
-.Cx \'s
-.Cx
command line.
Anything specified on
command line.
Anything specified on
-.Cx Nm make
-.Cx \'s
-.Cx
-command line is appended to the ``MAKEFLAGS'' variable which is then
+.Nm make Ns 's
+command line is appended to the
+.Ql Ev MAKEFLAGS
+variable which is then
entered into the environment for all programs which
.Nm make
executes.
entered into the environment for all programs which
.Nm make
executes.
.Pp
Variable expansion may be modified to select or modify each word of the
variable (where a ``word'' is white-space delimited sequence of characters).
.Pp
Variable expansion may be modified to select or modify each word of the
variable (where a ``word'' is white-space delimited sequence of characters).
.Pp
Each modifier begins with a colon and one of the following
special characters.
.Pp
Each modifier begins with a colon and one of the following
special characters.
-The colon may be escaped with a backslash (``\e'').
-.Tp Cm E\&
+The colon may be escaped with a backslash
+.Pq Ql \e .
+.Bl -tag -width Cm E\&
+.It Cm E
Replaces each word in the variable with its suffix.
Replaces each word in the variable with its suffix.
Replaces each word in the variable with everything but the last component.
Replaces each word in the variable with everything but the last component.
-.Tp Cx Ic M
-.Ar pattern
-.Cx
Select only those words that match the rest of the modifier.
Select only those words that match the rest of the modifier.
-The standard shell wildcard characters (``*'', ``?'', and
-.Dq Op )
+The standard shell wildcard characters
+.Pf ( Ql * ,
+.Ql ? ,
+and
+.Ql Op )
-The wildcard characters may be escaped with a backslash (``\e'').
-.Tp Cx Ic N
-.Ar pattern
-.Cx
-This is identical to ``M'', but selects all words which do not match
+The wildcard characters may be escaped with a backslash
+.Pq Ql \e .
+.It Cm N Ns Ar pattern
+This is identical to
+.Ql Cm M ,
+but selects all words which do not match
the rest of the modifier.
the rest of the modifier.
Replaces each word in the variable with everything but its suffix.
Replaces each word in the variable with everything but its suffix.
-.Tp Cx Cm S
-.Cx \&/
-.Ar old_pattern
-.Cx \&/
-.Ar new_pattern
-.Cx \&/
-.Op Cm g
-.Cx
+.Sm off
+.It Cm S No \&/ Ar old_pattern Xo
+.No \&/ Ar new_pattern
+.No \&/ Op Cm g
+.Xc
+.Sm on
Modify the first occurrence of
.Ar old_pattern
in each word to be replaced with
Modify the first occurrence of
.Ar old_pattern
in each word to be replaced with
-.Ar new_pattern .
-If a ``g'' is appended to the last slash of the pattern, all occurrences
+.Ar new_pattern .
+If a
+.Ql g
+is appended to the last slash of the pattern, all occurrences
in each word are replaced.
If
.Ar old_pattern
in each word are replaced.
If
.Ar old_pattern
-begins with a carat (``^''),
+begins with a carat
+.Pq Ql ^ ,
.Ar old_pattern
is anchored at the beginning of each word.
If
.Ar old_pattern
.Ar old_pattern
is anchored at the beginning of each word.
If
.Ar old_pattern
-ends with a dollar sign (``$''), it is anchored at the end of each word.
+ends with a dollar sign
+.Pq Ql \&$ ,
+it is anchored at the end of each word.
-.Ar new_string ,
-an ampersand (``&'') is replaced by
+.Ar new_string ,
+an ampersand
+.Pq Ql &
+is replaced by
.Ar old_pattern .
Any character may be used as a delimiter for the parts of the modifier
string.
The anchoring, ampersand and delimiter characters may be escaped with a
.Ar old_pattern .
Any character may be used as a delimiter for the parts of the modifier
string.
The anchoring, ampersand and delimiter characters may be escaped with a
.Pp
Variable expansion occurs in the normal fashion inside both
.Ar old_string
and
.Ar new_string
with the single exception that a backslash is used to prevent the expansion
.Pp
Variable expansion occurs in the normal fashion inside both
.Ar old_string
and
.Ar new_string
with the single exception that a backslash is used to prevent the expansion
-of a dollar sign (``$''), not a preceding dollar sign as is usual.
-.Tp Cm T
+of a dollar sign
+.Pq Ql \&$
+not a preceding dollar sign as is usual.
+.It Cm T
Replaces each word in the variable with its last component.
Replaces each word in the variable with its last component.
-.Tp Ar old_string=new_string
-This is the System V style variable substitution.
+.It Ar old_string=new_string
+This is the
+.At V
+style variable substitution.
It must be the last modifier specified.
.Ar Old_string
is anchored at the end of each word, so only suffixes or entire
words may be replaced.
It must be the last modifier specified.
.Ar Old_string
is anchored at the end of each word, so only suffixes or entire
words may be replaced.
.Sh INCLUDE STATEMENTS AND CONDITIONALS
Makefile inclusion and conditional structures reminiscent of the C
programming language are provided in
.Sh INCLUDE STATEMENTS AND CONDITIONALS
Makefile inclusion and conditional structures reminiscent of the C
programming language are provided in
All such structures are identified by a line beginning with a single
All such structures are identified by a line beginning with a single
-dot (``.'') character.
-Files are included with either ``.include <file>'' or ``.include "file"''.
+dot
+.Pq Ql \&.
+character.
+Files are included with either
+.Ql .include <file>
+or
+.Ql .include \*qfile\*q .
Variables between the angle brackets or double quotes are expanded
to form the file name.
If angle brackets are used, the included makefile is expected to be in
Variables between the angle brackets or double quotes are expanded
to form the file name.
If angle brackets are used, the included makefile is expected to be in
Conditional expressions are also preceded by a single dot as the first
chraracter of a line.
The possible conditionals are as follows:
Conditional expressions are also preceded by a single dot as the first
chraracter of a line.
The possible conditionals are as follows:
-.Tw Ds
-.Tp Cx Ic \&.undef
-.Cx \&\ \&
-.Ar variable
-.Cx
+.Bl -tag -width Ds
+.It Ic .undef Ar variable
Un-define the specified global variable.
Only global variables may be un-defined.
Un-define the specified global variable.
Only global variables may be un-defined.
-.Tp Cx Ic \&.if
-.Cx \&\ \&
-.Op \&!
-.Cx \&\ \&
-.Ar expression
-.Cx \&\ \&
+.It Xo
+.Ic \&.if
+.Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar expression
.Op Ar operator expression ...
.Op Ar operator expression ...
Test the value of an expression.
Test the value of an expression.
-.Tp Cx Ic \&.ifdef
-.Cx \&\ \&
-.Op \&!
-.Ar variable
-.Cx \&\ \&
-.Op Ar operator variable ...
-.Cx
+.It Xo
+.Ic .ifdef
+.Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar variable
+.Op Ar operator variable ...
+.Xc
Test the value of an variable.
Test the value of an variable.
-.Tp Cx Ic \&.ifndef
-.Cx \&\ \&
-.Op \&!
-.Cx \&\ \&
-.Ar variable
-.Cx \&\ \&
+.It Xo
+.Ic .ifndef
+.Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar variable
.Op Ar operator variable ...
.Op Ar operator variable ...
Test the value of an variable.
Test the value of an variable.
-.Tp Cx Ic \&.ifmake
-.Cx \&\ \&
-.Op \&!
-.Cx \&\ \&
-.Ar target
-.Cx \&\ \&
+.It Xo
+.Ic .ifmake
+.Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar target
.Op Ar operator target ...
.Op Ar operator target ...
Test the the target being built.
Test the the target being built.
-.Tp Cx Ic \&.ifnmake
-.Cx \&\ \&
-.Op \&!
-.Ar target
-.Cx \&\ \&
+.It Xo
+.Ic .ifnmake
+.Oo \&! Oc Ar target
.Op Ar operator target ...
.Op Ar operator target ...
Test the target being built.
Test the target being built.
Reverse the sense of the last conditional.
Reverse the sense of the last conditional.
-.Tp Cx Ic \&.elif
-.Cx \&\ \&
-.Op \&!
-.Cx \&\ \&
-.Ar expression
-.Cx \&\ \&
+.It Xo
+.Ic .elif
+.Oo \&! Oc Ar expression
.Op Ar operator expression ...
.Op Ar operator expression ...
-.Cx
-A combination of ``.else'' followed by ``.if''.
-.Tp Cx Ic \&.elifdef
-.Cx \&\ \&
-.Op \&!
-.Cx \&\ \&
-.Ar variable
-.Cx \&\ \&
+.Xc
+A combination of
+.Ql Ic .else
+followed by
+.Ql Ic .if .
+.It Xo
+.Ic .elifdef
+.Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar variable
.Op Ar operator variable ...
.Op Ar operator variable ...
-.Cx
-A combination of ``.else'' followed by ``.ifdef''.
-.Tp Cx Ic \&.elifndef
-.Cx \&\ \&
-.Op \&!
-.Cx \&\ \&
-.Ar variable
-.Cx \&\ \&
+.Xc
+A combination of
+.Ql Ic .else
+followed by
+.Ql Ic .ifdef .
+.It Xo
+.Ic .elifndef
+.Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar variable
.Op Ar operator variable ...
.Op Ar operator variable ...
-.Cx
-A combination of ``.else'' followed by ``.ifndef''.
-.Tp Cx Ic \&.elifmake
-.Cx \&\ \&
-.Op \&!
-.Cx \&\ \&
-.Ar target
-.Cx \&\ \&
+.Xc
+A combination of
+.Ql Ic .else
+followed by
+.Ql Ic .ifndef .
+.It Xo
+.Ic .elifmake
+.Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar target
.Op Ar operator target ...
.Op Ar operator target ...
-.Cx
-A combination of ``.else'' followed by ``.ifmake''.
-.Tp Cx Ic \&.elifnmake
-.Cx \&\ \&
-.Op \&!
-.Cx \&\ \&
-.Ar target
-.Cx \&\ \&
+.Xc
+A combination of
+.Ql Ic .else
+followed by
+.Ql Ic .ifmake .
+.It Xo
+.Ic .elifnmake
+.Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar target
.Op Ar operator target ...
.Op Ar operator target ...
-.Cx
-A combination of ``.else'' followed by ``.ifnmake''.
-.Tp Ic \&.endif
+.Xc
+A combination of
+.Ql Ic .else
+followed by
+.Ql Ic .ifnmake .
+.It Ic .endif
End the body of the conditional.
End the body of the conditional.
.Pp
The
.Ar operator
may be any one of the following:
.Pp
The
.Ar operator
may be any one of the following:
+.Bl -tag -width "Cm XX"
+.It Cm \&|\&|
-.Tp Cm \&&&
-Logical AND; of higher precedence than ``''.
-.Tp
+.It Cm \&&&
+Logical
+.Tn AND ;
+of higher precedence than
+.Dq .
+.El
.Pp
As in C,
.Nm make
will only evaluate a conditional as far as is necessary to determine
its value.
Parenthesis may be used to change the order of evaluation.
.Pp
As in C,
.Nm make
will only evaluate a conditional as far as is necessary to determine
its value.
Parenthesis may be used to change the order of evaluation.
-The boolean operator ``!'' may be used to logically negate an entire
+The boolean operator
+.Ql Ic \&!
+may be used to logically negate an entire
-It is of higher precendence than ``&&''.
+It is of higher precendence than
+.Ql Ic \&&& .
.Pp
The value of
.Ar expression
may be any of the following:
.Pp
The value of
.Ar expression
may be any of the following:
+.Bl -tag -width Ic defined
+.It Ic defined
Takes a variable name as an argument and evaluates to true if the variable
has been defined.
Takes a variable name as an argument and evaluates to true if the variable
has been defined.
Takes a target name as an argument and evaluates to true if the target
was specified as part of
Takes a target name as an argument and evaluates to true if the target
was specified as part of
-.Cx Nm make
-.Cx \'s
-.Cx
command line or was declared the default target (either implicitly or
command line or was declared the default target (either implicitly or
-explicitly, see .MAIN) before the line containing the conditional.
-.Tp Ic empty
+explicitly, see
+.Va .MAIN )
+before the line containing the conditional.
+.It Ic empty
Takes a variable, with possible modifiers, and evalutes to true if
the expansion of the variable would result in an empty string.
Takes a variable, with possible modifiers, and evalutes to true if
the expansion of the variable would result in an empty string.
Takes a file name as an argument and evaluates to true if the file exists.
Takes a file name as an argument and evaluates to true if the file exists.
-The file is searched for on the system search path (see .PATH).
-.Tp Ic target
+The file is searched for on the system search path (see
+.Va .PATH ) .
+.It Ic target
Takes a target name as an argument and evaluates to true if the target
has been defined.
Takes a target name as an argument and evaluates to true if the target
has been defined.
.Pp
.Ar Expression
may also be an arithmetic or string comparison, with the left-hand side
.Pp
.Ar Expression
may also be an arithmetic or string comparison, with the left-hand side
The standard C relational operators are all supported, and the usual
number/base conversion is performed.
Note, octal numbers are not supported.
The standard C relational operators are all supported, and the usual
number/base conversion is performed.
Note, octal numbers are not supported.
-If the righthand value of a ``=='' or ``!='' operator begins with a
-quotation mark (``"'') a string comparison is done between the expanded
+If the righthand value of a
+.Ql Ic ==
+or
+.Ql Ic "!="
+operator begins with a
+quotation mark
+.Pq Ql \*q
+a string comparison is done between the expanded
variable and the text between the quotation marks.
If no relational operator is given, it is assumed that the expanded
variable is being compared against 0.
variable and the text between the quotation marks.
If no relational operator is given, it is assumed that the expanded
variable is being compared against 0.
is evaluating one of these conditional expression, and it encounters
a word it doesn't recognize, either the ``make'' or ``defined''
expression is applied to it, depending on the form of the conditional.
is evaluating one of these conditional expression, and it encounters
a word it doesn't recognize, either the ``make'' or ``defined''
expression is applied to it, depending on the form of the conditional.
-If the form is ``.ifdef'' or ``.ifndef'', the ``defined'' expression
+If the form is
+.Ql Ic .ifdef
+or
+.Ql Ic .ifndef ,
+the ``defined'' expression
-Similarly, if the form is ``.ifmake'' or ``.ifnmake'', the ``make''
+Similarly, if the form is
+.Ql Ic .ifmake
+or
+.Ql Ic .ifnmake , the ``make''
expression is applied.
.Pp
If the conditional evaluates to true the parsing of the makefile continues
as before.
If it evaluates to false, the following lines are skipped.
expression is applied.
.Pp
If the conditional evaluates to true the parsing of the makefile continues
as before.
If it evaluates to false, the following lines are skipped.
-In both cases this continues until a ``.else'' or ``.endif'' is found.
+In both cases this continues until a
+.Ql Ic .else
+or
+.Ql Ic .endif
+is found.
-Comments begin with a hash (``#'') character, anywhere but in a shell
+Comments begin with a hash
+.Pq Ql \&#
+character, anywhere but in a shell
command line, and continue to the end of the line.
.Sh SPECIAL SOURCES
command line, and continue to the end of the line.
.Sh SPECIAL SOURCES
+.Bl -tag -width Ic .IGNORE
+.It Ic .IGNORE
Ignore any errors from the commands associated with this target, exactly
Ignore any errors from the commands associated with this target, exactly
-as if they all were preceded by a dash (``\-'').
-.Tp Ic \&.MAKE
-Execute the commands associated with this target even if the -n or -t
+as if they all were preceded by a dash
+.Pq Ql \- .
+.It Ic .MAKE
+Execute the commands associated with this target even if the
+.Fl n
+or
+.Fl t
options were specified.
Normally used to mark recursive
options were specified.
Normally used to mark recursive
-.Cx Nm make
-.Cx \'s .
-.Cx
-.Tp Ic \&.NOTMAIN
+.Nm make Ns 's .
+.It Ic .NOTMAIN
Normally
.Nm make
selects the first target it encounters as the default target to be built
if no target was specified.
This source prevents this target from being selected.
Normally
.Nm make
selects the first target it encounters as the default target to be built
if no target was specified.
This source prevents this target from being selected.
If a target is marked with this attribute and
.Nm make
can't figure out how to create it, it will ignore this fact and assume
the file isn't needed or already exists.
If a target is marked with this attribute and
.Nm make
can't figure out how to create it, it will ignore this fact and assume
the file isn't needed or already exists.
When
.Nm make
is interrupted, it removes any partially made targets.
This source prevents the target from being removed.
When
.Nm make
is interrupted, it removes any partially made targets.
This source prevents the target from being removed.
Do not echo any of the commands associated with this target, exactly
Do not echo any of the commands associated with this target, exactly
-as if they all were preceded by an at sign (``@'').
-.Tp Ic \&.USE
+as if they all were preceded by an at sign
+.Pq Ql @ .
+.It Ic .USE
-.Cx Nm make
-.Cx \'s .
-.Cx
version of a macro.
When the target is used as a source for another target, the other target
version of a macro.
When the target is used as a source for another target, the other target
-acquires the commands, sources, and attributes (except for .USE) of the
+acquires the commands, sources, and attributes (except for
+.Ic .USE )
+of the
-If the target already has commands, the .USE target's commands are appended
+If the target already has commands, the
+.Ic .USE
+target's commands are appended
.Sh "SPECIAL TARGETS"
Special targets may not be included with other targets, i.e. they must be
the only target specified.
.Sh "SPECIAL TARGETS"
Special targets may not be included with other targets, i.e. they must be
the only target specified.
+.Bl -tag -width Ic .BEGIN
+.It Ic .BEGIN
Any command lines attached to this target are executed before anything
else is done.
Any command lines attached to this target are executed before anything
else is done.
-.Tp Ic \&.DEFAULT
-This is sort of a .USE rule for any target (that was used only as a
+.It Ic .DEFAULT
+This is sort of a
+.Ic .USE
+rule for any target (that was used only as a
source) that
.Nm make
can't figure out any other way to create.
Only the shell script is used.
source) that
.Nm make
can't figure out any other way to create.
Only the shell script is used.
-The .IMPSRC variable of a target that inherits .DEFAULT's commands is set
+The
+.Ic .IMPSRC
+variable of a target that inherits
+.Ic .DEFAULT Ns 's
+commands is set
to the target's own name.
to the target's own name.
Any command lines attached to this target are executed after everything
else is done.
Any command lines attached to this target are executed after everything
else is done.
-.Tp Ic \&.IGNORE
-Mark each of the sources with the .IGNORE attribute.
-If no sources are specified, this is the equivalent of specifying the -i
+.It Ic .IGNORE
+Mark each of the sources with the
+.Ic .IGNORE
+attribute.
+If no sources are specified, this is the equivalent of specifying the
+.Fl i
If
.Nm make
is interrupted, the commands for this target will be executed.
If
.Nm make
is interrupted, the commands for this target will be executed.
If no target is specified when
.Nm make
is invoked, this target will be built.
If no target is specified when
.Nm make
is invoked, this target will be built.
This target provides a way to specify flags for
.Nm make
when the makefile is used.
This target provides a way to specify flags for
.Nm make
when the makefile is used.
-The flags are as if typed to the shell, though the -f option will have
+The flags are as if typed to the shell, though the
+.Fl f
+option will have
The sources are directories which are to be searched for files not
found in the current directory.
If no sources are specified, any previously specified directories are
deleted.
The sources are directories which are to be searched for files not
found in the current directory.
If no sources are specified, any previously specified directories are
deleted.
-.Tp Ic \&.PRECIOUS
-Apply the .PRECIOUS attribute to any specified sources.
-If no sources are specified, the .PRECIOUS attribute is applied to every
+.It Ic .PRECIOUS
+Apply the
+.Ic .PRECIOUS
+attribute to any specified sources.
+If no sources are specified, the
+.Ic .PRECIOUS
+attribute is applied to every
-.Tp Ic \&.SILENT
-Apply the .SILENT attribute to any specified sources.
-If no sources are specified, the .SILENT attribute is applied to every
+.It Ic .SILENT
+Apply the
+.Ic .SILENT
+attribute to any specified sources.
+If no sources are specified, the
+.Ic .SILENT
+attribute is applied to every
Each source specifies a suffix to
Each source specifies a suffix to
If no sources are specified, any previous specifies suffices are deleted.
.Sh ENVIRONMENT
.Nm Make
If no sources are specified, any previous specifies suffices are deleted.
.Sh ENVIRONMENT
.Nm Make
and
.Ev MAKEOBJDIR .
.Sh FILES
and
.Ev MAKEOBJDIR .
.Sh FILES
-.Dw /usr/share/mk
-.Di L
-.Dp /usr/share/mk
-system makefile directory
-.Dp .depend
+.Bl -tag -width /usr/share/mk -compact
+.It .depend
+.It /usr/share/mk
+system makefile directory
+.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr mkdep 1
.Sh HISTORY
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr mkdep 1
.Sh HISTORY
-appeared in Version 7 AT&T UNIX.
+command appeared in
+.At v7 .