Commit | Line | Data |
---|---|---|
70567b1c | 1 | .\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991 The Regents of the University of California. |
61dbfbf1 | 2 | .\" All rights reserved. |
021014a6 | 3 | .\" |
af359dea C |
4 | .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without |
5 | .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions | |
6 | .\" are met: | |
7 | .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright | |
8 | .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. | |
9 | .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright | |
10 | .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the | |
11 | .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. | |
12 | .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software | |
13 | .\" must display the following acknowledgement: | |
14 | .\" This product includes software developed by the University of | |
15 | .\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. | |
16 | .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors | |
17 | .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software | |
18 | .\" without specific prior written permission. | |
61dbfbf1 | 19 | .\" |
af359dea C |
20 | .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND |
21 | .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE | |
22 | .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE | |
23 | .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE | |
24 | .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL | |
25 | .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS | |
26 | .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) | |
27 | .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT | |
28 | .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY | |
29 | .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF | |
30 | .\" SUCH DAMAGE. | |
021014a6 | 31 | .\" |
af359dea C |
32 | .\" @(#)reboot_vax.8 6.9 (Berkeley) 3/16/91 |
33 | .\" | |
34 | .Dd March 16, 1991 | |
70567b1c CL |
35 | .Dt REBOOT 8 |
36 | .Os BSD 4 | |
37 | .Sh NAME | |
38 | .Nm reboot | |
39 | .Nd | |
40 | .Tn UNIX | |
41 | bootstrapping procedures | |
42 | .Sh SYNOPSIS | |
43 | .Nm reboot | |
44 | .Op Fl n | |
45 | .Op Fl q | |
46 | .Sh DESCRIPTION | |
47 | .Pp | |
48 | .Tn UNIX | |
49 | is started by placing it in memory | |
be1d37d3 | 50 | at location zero and transferring to the entry point. |
021014a6 KM |
51 | Since the system is not reenterable, |
52 | it is necessary to read it in from disk or tape | |
53 | each time it is to be bootstrapped. | |
70567b1c CL |
54 | .Pp |
55 | .Sy Rebooting a running system . | |
56 | When a | |
57 | .Tn UNIX | |
58 | is running and a reboot is desired, | |
59 | .Xr shutdown 8 | |
021014a6 KM |
60 | is normally used. |
61 | If there are no users then | |
70567b1c | 62 | .Nm reboot |
021014a6 | 63 | can be used. |
13e92b42 MK |
64 | Reboot causes the disks to be synced and allows the system |
65 | to perform other shutdown activities such as resynchronizing | |
66 | hardware time-of-day clocks. | |
67 | A multi-user reboot (as described below) is then initiated. | |
68 | This causes a system to be | |
021014a6 KM |
69 | booted and an automatic disk check to be performed. If all this succeeds |
70 | without incident, the system is then brought up for many users. | |
70567b1c | 71 | .Pp |
021014a6 | 72 | Options to reboot are: |
70567b1c CL |
73 | .Bl -tag -width Ds |
74 | .It Fl n | |
021014a6 | 75 | option avoids the sync. It can be used if a disk or the processor |
6f055ecd | 76 | is on fire. |
70567b1c | 77 | .It Fl q |
021014a6 KM |
78 | reboots quickly and ungracefully, without shutting down running |
79 | processes first. | |
70567b1c CL |
80 | .El |
81 | .Pp | |
82 | .Nm Reboot | |
b77763cc | 83 | normally logs the reboot using |
70567b1c | 84 | .Xr syslog 8 |
b77763cc | 85 | and places a shutdown record in the login accounting file |
70567b1c | 86 | .Pa /var/log/wtmp. |
b77763cc | 87 | These actions are inhibited if the |
70567b1c | 88 | .Fl n |
b77763cc | 89 | or |
70567b1c | 90 | .Fl q |
b77763cc | 91 | options are present. |
70567b1c CL |
92 | .Pp |
93 | .Sy Power fail and crash recovery. | |
021014a6 KM |
94 | Normally, the system will reboot itself at power-up or after crashes. |
95 | Provided the auto-restart is enabled on the machine front panel, | |
be1d37d3 MK |
96 | an automatic consistency check of the file systems will be performed, |
97 | and unless this fails, the system will resume multi-user operations. | |
70567b1c CL |
98 | .Pp |
99 | .Sy Cold starts . | |
3dd800de | 100 | These are processor-type dependent. |
021014a6 KM |
101 | On an 11/780, there are two floppy files for each disk controller, |
102 | both of which cause boots from unit 0 of the root file system | |
103 | of a controller located on mba0 or uba0. | |
104 | One gives a single user shell, while the other invokes the multi-user | |
70567b1c CL |
105 | automatic reboot. Thus these files are |
106 | .Tn HPS | |
107 | and | |
108 | .Tn HPM | |
109 | for the single | |
110 | and multi-user boot from | |
111 | .Tn MASSBUS | |
112 | RP06/RM03/RM05 disks, | |
113 | .Tn UPS | |
114 | and | |
115 | .Tn UPM | |
116 | for | |
117 | .Tn UNIBUS | |
118 | storage module controller and disks | |
119 | such as the | |
120 | .Tn EMULEX | |
121 | SC-21 | |
122 | and | |
123 | .Tn AMPEX | |
124 | 9300 pair, | |
125 | .Tn RAS | |
126 | and | |
127 | .Tn RAM | |
128 | to boot from | |
129 | .Tn MSCP | |
130 | controllers and disks such as the RA81, | |
131 | or | |
132 | .Tn HKS | |
133 | and | |
134 | .Tn HKM | |
135 | for RK07 disks. | |
be1d37d3 MK |
136 | There is also a script for booting from the default device, |
137 | which is normally a copy of one of the standard multi-user boot scripts, | |
138 | but which may be modified to perform other actions | |
139 | or to boot from a different unit. | |
140 | The situation on the 8600 is similar, with scripts loaded from the console RL02. | |
70567b1c | 141 | .Pp |
021014a6 | 142 | Giving the command |
70567b1c CL |
143 | .Pp |
144 | .Dl >>>BOOT HPM | |
145 | .Pp | |
3dd800de | 146 | would boot the system from (e.g.) an RP06 and run the automatic consistency |
021014a6 | 147 | check as described in |
70567b1c | 148 | .Xr fsck 8 . |
021014a6 KM |
149 | (Note that it may |
150 | be necessary to type control-P | |
be1d37d3 | 151 | and halt the processor |
70567b1c CL |
152 | to gain the attention of the |
153 | .Tn LSI-11 | |
154 | before getting the >>> prompt.) | |
021014a6 | 155 | The command |
70567b1c CL |
156 | .Pp |
157 | .Dl >>>BOOT ANY | |
158 | .Pp | |
021014a6 KM |
159 | invokes a version of the boot program in a way which allows you to |
160 | specify any system as the system to be booted. | |
161 | It reads from the console a device specification (see below) followed | |
162 | immediately by a pathname. | |
70567b1c | 163 | .Pp |
be1d37d3 | 164 | The scripts may be modified for local configuration if necessary. |
ca65dd63 | 165 | The flags are placed in register 11 (as defined in |
70567b1c | 166 | .Aq Pa sys/reboot.h ) . |
3dd800de MK |
167 | The boot device is specified in register 10. |
168 | The encoding of this register is also defined in | |
70567b1c | 169 | .Aq Pa sys/reboot.h . |
3dd800de MK |
170 | The current encoding has a historical basis, and is shown in the following |
171 | table: | |
70567b1c CL |
172 | .Pp |
173 | .Bd -unfilled -offset indent -compact | |
174 | bits usage | |
175 | 0-7 boot device type (the device major number) | |
176 | 8-15 disk partition | |
177 | 16-19 drive unit | |
178 | 20-23 controller number | |
179 | 24-27 adaptor number (UNIBUS or MASSBUS as appropriate) | |
180 | .Ed | |
181 | .Pp | |
3dd800de MK |
182 | The adaptor number corresponds to the normal configuration on the 11/750, |
183 | and to the order in which adaptors are found on the 11/780 and 8600 | |
70567b1c CL |
184 | (generally the same as the numbers used by |
185 | .Tn UNIX ) . | |
186 | .Pp | |
021014a6 KM |
187 | On an 11/750, the reset button will boot from the device |
188 | selected by the front panel boot device switch. In systems | |
189 | with RK07's, position B normally selects the RK07 for boot. | |
190 | This will boot multi-user. To boot from RK07 with boot flags you | |
191 | may specify | |
70567b1c CL |
192 | .Pp |
193 | .Bd -unfilled -offset indent -compact | |
194 | .Li \&>>>B/ Ns Fl n No DMA0 | |
195 | .Ed | |
196 | .Pp | |
197 | where, giving a | |
198 | .Ar n | |
199 | of 1 causes the boot program | |
021014a6 | 200 | to ask for the name of the system to be bootstrapped, |
70567b1c CL |
201 | giving a |
202 | .Ar n | |
203 | of 2 causes the boot program to come up single | |
204 | user, and a | |
205 | .Ar n | |
206 | of 3 causes both of these actions to occur. | |
207 | The ``DM'' specifies RK07, the ``A'' represents the adaptor number | |
208 | .Pf ( Tn UNIBUS | |
209 | or | |
210 | .Tn MASSBUS ) , | |
211 | and the ``0'' is the drive unit number. | |
212 | Other disk types which may be used are DB | |
213 | .Pq Tn MASSBUS , | |
214 | DD (TU58), | |
215 | and DU | |
216 | .Pf ( Tn UDA-50/RA | |
217 | disk). | |
be1d37d3 | 218 | A non-zero disk partition can be used by adding (partition times 1000 hex) |
70567b1c CL |
219 | to |
220 | .Ar n . | |
221 | .Pp | |
222 | The boot procedure on the Micro | |
223 | .Tn VAX | |
224 | II | |
225 | is similar. | |
3dd800de MK |
226 | A switch on the back panel sets the power-up action |
227 | to autoboot or to halt. | |
228 | When halted, the processor may be booted using the same syntax | |
229 | as on the 11/750. | |
70567b1c | 230 | .Pp |
021014a6 KM |
231 | The 11/750 boot procedure uses the boot roms to load block 0 off of |
232 | the specified device. The /usr/mdec directory contains a number | |
233 | of bootstrap programs for the various disks which should be placed | |
3dd800de | 234 | in a new pack by |
70567b1c CL |
235 | .Xr disklabel 8 . |
236 | Similarly, the Micro | |
237 | .Tn VAX | |
238 | II boot procedure loads a boot parameter block | |
3dd800de MK |
239 | from block 0 of the disk. |
240 | The | |
70567b1c CL |
241 | .Xr rdboot |
242 | .Dq bootstrap | |
243 | contains the correct parameters for an | |
244 | .Tn MSCP | |
245 | disk such | |
3dd800de | 246 | as the RD53. |
70567b1c | 247 | .Pp |
be1d37d3 | 248 | On any processor, the |
70567b1c | 249 | .Em boot |
021014a6 | 250 | program |
be1d37d3 | 251 | finds the corresponding file on the given device |
70567b1c | 252 | .Pf ( Pa vmunix |
be1d37d3 | 253 | by default), loads that file |
021014a6 KM |
254 | into memory location zero, and starts the program at the entry address |
255 | specified in the program header (after clearing off the high bit | |
be1d37d3 | 256 | of the specified entry address). |
70567b1c CL |
257 | .Pp |
258 | The file specifications used with | |
259 | .Dq BOOT ANY | |
260 | or | |
261 | .Dq \&B/3 | |
be1d37d3 | 262 | are of the form: |
70567b1c CL |
263 | .Pp |
264 | .Dl device(adaptor,controller,unit,minor) | |
265 | .Pp | |
021014a6 | 266 | where |
70567b1c | 267 | .Ar device |
021014a6 | 268 | is the type of the device to be searched, |
70567b1c CL |
269 | .Ar adaptor |
270 | is the | |
271 | .Tn UNIBUS | |
272 | or | |
273 | .Tn MASSBUS | |
274 | number of the adaptor to which the device is attached, | |
275 | .Ar controller | |
276 | is the unit number of the controller or | |
277 | .Tn MASSBUS | |
278 | tape formatter on that adaptor, | |
279 | .Ar unit | |
3dd800de | 280 | is the unit number of the disk or transport slave unit of the tape, |
021014a6 | 281 | and |
70567b1c | 282 | .Ar minor |
be1d37d3 | 283 | is the disk partition or tape file number. |
3dd800de | 284 | Leading adaptor or controller numbers default to 0. |
be1d37d3 | 285 | Normal line editing characters can be used when typing the file specification. |
021014a6 KM |
286 | The following list of supported devices may vary from installation to |
287 | installation: | |
70567b1c CL |
288 | .Pp |
289 | .Bd -unfilled -offset indent -compact | |
290 | hp MASSBUS disk drive | |
291 | up UNIBUS storage module drive | |
292 | ht TE16,TU45,TU77 on MASSBUS | |
293 | kra storage module on a KDB50 | |
294 | mt TU78 on MASSBUS | |
295 | hk RK07 on UNIBUS | |
296 | ra storage module on a MSCP-compatible UNIBUS controller | |
297 | rb storage module on a 730 IDC | |
298 | rl RL02 on UNIBUS | |
299 | tm TM11 emulation tape drives on UNIBUS | |
300 | tms TMSCP-compatible tape | |
301 | ts TS11 on UNIBUS | |
302 | ut UNIBUS TU45 emulator | |
303 | .Ed | |
304 | .Pp | |
be1d37d3 MK |
305 | For example, |
306 | to boot from a file system which starts at cylinder 0 | |
70567b1c CL |
307 | of unit 0 of a |
308 | .Tn MASSBUS | |
309 | disk, type | |
310 | .Ql hp(0,0)vmunix | |
311 | to the boot prompt; | |
312 | .Ql hp(2,0,1,0)vmunix | |
313 | would specify drive 1 on | |
314 | .Tn MASSBUS | |
315 | adaptor 2; | |
316 | .Ql up(0,0)vmunix | |
317 | would specify a | |
318 | .Tn UNIBUS | |
319 | drive, | |
320 | .Ql hk(0,0)vmunix | |
321 | would specify | |
322 | an RK07 disk drive, | |
323 | .Ql ra(1,0,0,0)vmunix | |
324 | would specify a | |
325 | .Tn UDA50 | |
326 | disk drive on a second | |
327 | .Tn UNIBUS , | |
328 | and | |
329 | .Ql rb(0,0)vmunix | |
330 | would specify a | |
331 | disk on a 730 | |
332 | .Tn IDC . | |
3dd800de | 333 | For tapes, the minor device number gives a file offset; |
70567b1c CL |
334 | .Ql mt(1,2,3,4) |
335 | would specify the fifth file on slave 3 of the formatter | |
336 | at | |
337 | .Ql drive | |
338 | 2 on mba 1. | |
339 | .Pp | |
13e92b42 MK |
340 | On an 11/750 with patchable control store, |
341 | microcode patches will be installed by | |
70567b1c | 342 | .Em boot |
13e92b42 | 343 | if the file |
70567b1c | 344 | .Pa psc750.bin |
13e92b42 | 345 | exists in the root of the filesystem from which the system is booted. |
70567b1c | 346 | .Pp |
021014a6 | 347 | In an emergency, the bootstrap methods described in the paper |
70567b1c CL |
348 | .%T Installing and Operating 4.3bsd |
349 | can be used to boot from a distribution tape. | |
350 | .Sh FILES | |
351 | .Bl -tag -width /usr/mdec/xxboot -compact | |
352 | .It Pa /vmunix | |
353 | system code | |
354 | .It Pa /boot | |
355 | system bootstrap | |
356 | .It Pa /usr/mdec/xxboot | |
357 | sector-0 boot block for 750, xx is disk type | |
358 | .It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx | |
359 | second-stage boot for 750, xx is disk type | |
360 | .It Pa /pcs750.bin | |
361 | microcode patch file on 750 | |
362 | .El | |
363 | .Sh SEE ALSO | |
364 | .Xr arff 8 , | |
365 | .Xr crash 8 , | |
366 | .Xr disklabel 8 , | |
367 | .Xr fsck 8 , | |
368 | .Xr halt 8 , | |
369 | .Xr init 8 , | |
370 | .Xr rc 8 , | |
371 | .Xr shutdown 8 , | |
372 | .Xr syslogd 8 | |
373 | .Sh HISTORY | |
374 | The | |
375 | .Nm | |
376 | command appeared in | |
377 | .Bx 4.0 . |